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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Académico - Prueba 2 - Lectura - Pasaje 2 (2)

Learn vocabulary from the second part of Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 2 Reading Passage 2, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
fallible
fallible
[Adjetivo]

(of humans) liable to make mistakes or to be imperfect, unlike divine beings

falible

falible

Ex: As fallible beings, we must recognize our limitations and be open to learning from our mistakes. 

Como seres falibles, debemos reconocer nuestras limitaciones y estar abiertos a aprender de nuestros errores.

for the sake of {sb/sth}

because of caring about someone or something and wanting to make a situation better for them

por el bien de alguien o algo, en beneficio de alguien o algo

por el bien de alguien o algo, en beneficio de alguien o algo

Ex: They stayed together for the sake of the children. 

Se quedaron juntos por el bien de los niños.

ethically
ethically
[Adverbio]

in a manner that is morally right or good

éticamente, de manera ética

éticamente, de manera ética

Ex: She raised her concerns ethically to avoid damaging reputations unfairly. 

Ella expresó sus preocupaciones éticamente para evitar dañar injustamente las reputaciones.

cognitively
cognitively
[Adverbio]

with regard to thinking processes, learning, or understanding, particularly focusing on mental activities and acquiring knowledge

cognitivamente

cognitivamente

Ex: The language acquisition program stimulates learners cognitively, enhancing linguistic abilities. 

El programa de adquisición del lenguaje estimula a los aprendices cognitivamente, mejorando las habilidades lingüísticas.

the moral high ground

a claim that one has moral superiority over others

tener una autoridad moral

tener una autoridad moral

route
route
[Sustantivo]

a way or method that leads to a certain goal or result

camino, ruta

camino, ruta

Ex: Exercise and sleep are both good routes to better mental health. 
to steer
to steer
[Verbo]

to influence or direct the way a situation, activity, or course of action develops

dirigir,  orientar

dirigir, orientar

Ex: His questions gradually steered the discussion toward practical solutions. 
direction
direction
[Sustantivo]

a general course along which something has a tendency to develop

dirección, tendencia

dirección, tendencia

Ex: Her research has taken a different direction. 
utopian
utopian
[Adjetivo]

unrealistic or impossible to fully achieve in the real world

utópico

utópico

Ex: Achieving total equality and fairness is an utopian goal that any real-world system will fall short of to some degree, critics responded. 

Lograr una igualdad y equidad totales es un objetivo utópico que cualquier sistema del mundo real no alcanzará en cierta medida, respondieron los críticos.

vision
vision
[Sustantivo]

a mental image of what one wants or hopes to achieve in the future

visión, perspectiva

visión, perspectiva

Ex: Their vision is to make education accessible to everyone. 
destination
destination
[Sustantivo]

the ultimate purpose or end for which someone or something is intended

destino

destino

Ex: The policy's intended destination was greater economic stability. 
sufficient
sufficient
[Adjetivo]

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

suficiente, adecuado

suficiente, adecuado

Ex: The team had a sufficient number of players to compete in the tournament. 

El equipo tenía un número suficiente de jugadores para competir en el torneo.

clarity
clarity
[Sustantivo]

the quality of being easily understood or recognized

claridad

claridad

given
given
[Preposición]

used to indicate that something is provided or accepted as a basis for a particular situation or argument

dado, considerando

dado, considerando

Ex: She made an impressive recovery, given the severity of her injury. 
tribal
tribal
[Adjetivo]

associated with a social group of people who share common ancestry, language, and traditions, and often reside in a specific geographic area

tribal, de la tribu

tribal, de la tribu

Ex: The tribal language is passed down through generations as a symbol of cultural identity. 

El lenguaje tribal se transmite de generación en generación como un símbolo de identidad cultural.

conflicted
conflicted
[Adjetivo]

experiencing contradictory feelings, thoughts, or emotions, often resulting from having to make a difficult choice

conflictivo, dividido

conflictivo, dividido

Ex: The character in the novel experienced conflicted emotions, torn between love and duty. 

El personaje de la novela experimentó emociones conflictivas, dividido entre el amor y el deber.

suffering
suffering
[Sustantivo]

physical or mental pain, distress, or unhappiness

sufrimiento, padecimiento

sufrimiento, padecimiento

Ex: Daniel could see the animal's suffering and called a veterinarian. 
to contribute

to be one of the causes or reasons that helps something happen

contribuir

contribuir

Ex: Volunteer efforts significantly contribute to the charity's growth. 
to point
to point
[Verbo]

to focus or direct something towards a specific target

apuntar, dirigir

apuntar, dirigir

Ex: The archer pointed his arrow at the bullseye on the target. 
in {one's} hands

used to mean that one has control, responsibility, or authority over something

en sus manos, bajo su responsabilidad

en sus manos, bajo su responsabilidad

Ex: The future of the company is in the board's hands. 

El futuro de la empresa está en manos de la junta.

guide
guide
[Sustantivo]

a person who leads or advises others on the way to go

guía

guía

Ex: He served as a guide, helping new employees navigate company policies. 
to sacrifice

to give up something valuable or important in order to achieve or protect something considered more important

sacrificar,  renunciar a

sacrificar, renunciar a

Ex: The family sacrificed many comforts to pay for their children's education. 
autonomy
autonomy
[Sustantivo]

the ability or freedom to make decisions and act independently

autonomía,  independencia

autonomía, independencia

Ex: Maria values the autonomy she has in running her own business. 
to discourage

to prevent or persuade someone from taking a particular action or pursuing a specific course of action

desalentar,  disuadir

desalentar, disuadir

Ex: The coach discourages players from engaging in unsportsmanlike behavior. 
lapse
lapse
[Sustantivo]

a temporary failure or gap in judgment, memory, or concentration

lapsus, fallo

lapsus, fallo

Ex: She experienced a lapse in concentration during the long lecture. 

Ella experimentó un lapsus de concentración durante la larga conferencia.

presently
presently
[Adverbio]

at the moment or present time

en este momento, actualmente

en este momento, actualmente

Ex: I am presently reviewing the latest updates to provide accurate information. 

Actualmente estoy revisando las últimas actualizaciones para proporcionar información precisa.

to [take] {sb/sth} for granted

to not appreciate a person or thing because one thinks one will never lose them

dar por sentado, no valorar

dar por sentado, no valorar

Ex: We take clean water for granted in many cities. 

En muchas ciudades damos por sentada el agua limpia.

to discriminate

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

discriminar

discriminar

Ex: Discriminating against someone because of their race is a form of racism. 

Discriminar a alguien por su raza es una forma de racismo.

in favor of
in favor of
[Preposición]

used to show support for something

a favor de, por

a favor de, por

Ex: She signed a petition in favor of saving the rainforest. 

Ella firmó una petición a favor de salvar la selva tropical.

to deny
to deny
[Verbo]

to restrain oneself from having something

privarse, negarse

privarse, negarse

Ex: He denied himself the pleasure of sleeping in on weekends, opting instead to wake up early and go for a run. 
ethical
ethical
[Adjetivo]

sticking to principles of right and wrong conduct and moral standards

ético, moral

ético, moral

Ex: His actions were always guided by an ethical sense of fairness. 

Sus acciones siempre estuvieron guiadas por un sentido ético de justicia.

silicon
silicon
[Sustantivo]

(chemistry) a nonmetallic element, abundant in the earth's crust, used as a semiconductor in electronics

silicio,  silicio

silicio, silicio

Ex: The semiconductor industry relies heavily on high-purity silicon. 
to notice
to notice
[Verbo]

to become aware of something through seeing, hearing, or feeling it

notar, darse cuenta

notar, darse cuenta

Ex: She noticed a change in his attitude after the meeting. 
far-fetched
far-fetched
[Adjetivo]

not probable and difficult to believe

inverosímil, rebuscado

inverosímil, rebuscado

Ex: They dismissed the far-fetched claims as mere speculation without evidence. 

Desestimaron las afirmaciones descabelladas como meras especulaciones sin evidencia.

input
input
[Sustantivo]

the information or events that stimulate action or response

entrada, aportación

entrada, aportación

Ex: The unexpected turn of events acted as a significant input in reshaping their strategy. 
resource
resource
[Sustantivo]

(usually plural) means such as equipment, money, manpower, etc. that a person or organization can benefit from

recurso

recurso

Ex: The organization allocated human resources strategically to meet project deadlines. 
role
role
[Sustantivo]

a set of actions and responsibilities that are assigned to a person or group within a specific context

rol

rol

Ex: He took on a leadership role during the project. 
efficiently
efficiently
[Adverbio]

with minimum waste of resources or energy

eficientemente

eficientemente

Ex: The factory adopted new technologies to produce goods more efficiently and sustainably. 

La fábrica adoptó nuevas tecnologías para producir bienes de manera más eficiente y sostenible.

to act
to act
[Verbo]

to do something for a special reason

actuar

actuar

Ex: The detective had to act swiftly to prevent the suspect from escaping. 
in the interest of
in the interest of
[Preposición]

with consideration for the benefit, well-being, or advantage of someone or something

en interés de, por el bien de

en interés de, por el bien de

Ex: She shared her knowledge with others in the interest of helping them succeed. 

Ella compartió su conocimiento con otros en interés de ayudarlos a tener éxito.

taxpayer
taxpayer
[Sustantivo]

a person who pays or is required to pay taxes

contribuyente,  pagador de impuestos

contribuyente, pagador de impuestos

Ex: The new deduction could save the average taxpayer hundreds of dollars. 
to deprive of

to take away or deny someone or something the possession or enjoyment of a particular thing

privar de, despojar de

privar de, despojar de

Ex: The sudden illness threatened to deprive him of the physical abilities he once took for granted. 

La repentina enfermedad amenazó con privarle de las habilidades físicas que una vez dio por sentadas.

senior
senior
[Adjetivo]

having a higher status or rank than someone else within an organization, profession, or hierarchy

superior, mayor

superior, mayor

Ex: Senior members of the team were responsible for making strategic decisions and guiding junior colleagues. 
to treat
to treat
[Verbo]

to deal with or behave toward someone or something in a particular way

tratar

tratar

Ex: She treated him with suspicion after the misunderstanding. 
equally
equally
[Adverbio]

in a fair and even manner, without favoring one over the other

igualmente

igualmente

Ex: The teacher distributed the resources equally among all the students. 

El profesor distribuyó los recursos equitativamente entre todos los estudiantes.

to specify
to specify
[Verbo]

to clearly define or state specific details, characteristics, or requirements

especificar,  detallar

especificar, detallar

Ex: The job description should specify the qualifications and skills required for the position. 
trough
trough
[Sustantivo]

a period or point when activity, success, or satisfaction is at its lowest level

valle, periodo bajo

valle, periodo bajo

Ex: They worked hard to recover from the trough of low demand. 

Trabajaron duro para recuperarse del bache de baja demanda.

gatekeeper
gatekeeper
[Sustantivo]

someone who controls access to something

guardián de la puerta, portero

guardián de la puerta, portero

to stick to

to continue doing something even though there are some hardships

seguir con

seguir con

Ex: The musician stuck to her practice routine, dedicating hours each day to perfect their skills. 

El músico se mantuvo en su rutina de práctica, dedicando horas cada día para perfeccionar sus habilidades.

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