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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademicki - Test 2 - Czytanie - Fragment 2 (2)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
fallible
fallible
[przymiotnik]

(of humans) liable to make mistakes or to be imperfect, unlike divine beings

omylny, skłonny do błędów

omylny, skłonny do błędów

Ex: In many religious beliefs, humans are viewed as fallible beings, contrasting with deities who are considered infallible and free from error. 
for the sake of {sb/sth}

because of caring about someone or something and wanting to make a situation better for them

dla dobra kogoś lub czegoś, w interesie kogoś lub czegoś

dla dobra kogoś lub czegoś, w interesie kogoś lub czegoś

Ex: He moved to the seaside for the sake of his health. 
ethically
ethically
[przysłówek]

in a manner that is morally right or good

etycznie, w sposób etyczny

etycznie, w sposób etyczny

Ex: The company promised to behave ethically in all its business dealings. 
cognitively
cognitively
[przysłówek]

with regard to thinking processes, learning, or understanding, particularly focusing on mental activities and acquiring knowledge

poznawczo

poznawczo

Ex: The educational game engages children cognitively, promoting learning and problem-solving skills. 
the moral high ground

a claim that one has moral superiority over others

route
route
[Rzeczownik]

a way or method that leads to a certain goal or result

droga, trasa

droga, trasa

Ex: This book explains different routes to success in business. 
to steer
to steer
[Czasownik]

to guide, influence, or direct the course of action

kierować, prowadzić

kierować, prowadzić

Ex: The project manager worked to steer the team towards completing the critical tasks on time. 
direction
direction
[Rzeczownik]

a general course along which something has a tendency to develop

kierunek, tendencja

kierunek, tendencja

utopian
utopian
[przymiotnik]

unrealistic or impossible to fully achieve in the real world

utopijny, nierealny

utopijny, nierealny

Ex: Critics argued the candidate's promises of universal basic income and free college were utopian ideas without a clear plan for funding them. 
vision
vision
[Rzeczownik]

a mental image of what one wants or hopes to achieve in the future

wizja, perspektywa

wizja, perspektywa

destination
destination
[Rzeczownik]

the ultimate goal for which something is done

cel, przeznaczenie

cel, przeznaczenie

Ex: As an artist, her destination was to create a masterpiece that would leave a lasting impact on the art world. 
sufficient
sufficient
[przymiotnik]

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

wystarczający, odpowiedni

wystarczający, odpowiedni

Ex: He had saved a sufficient amount of money to purchase the new computer. 
clarity
clarity
[Rzeczownik]

the quality of being easily understood or recognized

jasność

jasność

given
given
[Przyimek]

used to indicate that something is provided or accepted as a basis for a particular situation or argument

biorąc pod uwagę, zważywszy na

biorąc pod uwagę, zważywszy na

Ex: Given the weather conditions, it would be wise to bring an umbrella. 
tribal
tribal
[przymiotnik]

associated with a social group of people who share common ancestry, language, and traditions, and often reside in a specific geographic area

plemienny, rodowy

plemienny, rodowy

Ex: The tribal elders gathered to discuss matters of governance and tradition within the community. 
conflicted
conflicted
[przymiotnik]

experiencing contradictory feelings, thoughts, or emotions, often resulting from having to make a difficult choice

skonfliktowany, podzielony

skonfliktowany, podzielony

Ex: He was conflicted about attending the party, torn between wanting to socialize and needing to finish his work. 
suffering
suffering
[Rzeczownik]

the state of experiencing discomfort, distress, or hardship

cierpienie, ból

cierpienie, ból

Ex: She endured months of suffering after her surgery. 
to contribute
to contribute
[Czasownik]

to be one of the causes or reasons that helps something happen

przyczyniać się, wnosić wkład

przyczyniać się, wnosić wkład

Ex: Many factors contribute to the rise in housing prices. 
to point
to point
[Czasownik]

to focus or direct something towards a specific target

wskazywać, kierować

wskazywać, kierować

Ex: The child pointed his toy gun at the target on the wall. 
in {one's} hands

used to mean that one has control, responsibility, or authority over something

w jego rękach, pod jego kontrolą

w jego rękach, pod jego kontrolą

Ex: The decision is now in your hands. 
guide
guide
[Rzeczownik]

a person who leads or advises others on the way to go

przewodnik, mentor

przewodnik, mentor

Ex: Her mentor was a guide, offering wisdom during tough decisions. 
to sacrifice
to sacrifice
[Czasownik]

to give up something of value for the sake of something else

poświęcać, rezygnować z

poświęcać, rezygnować z

Ex: Parents often sacrifice personal time to ensure the well-being and happiness of their children. 
autonomy
autonomy
[Rzeczownik]

the capacity to act independently and make decisions without undue influence

autonomia, niezależność

autonomia, niezależność

Ex: She sought autonomy in organizing her daily routine. 
to discourage
to discourage
[Czasownik]

to prevent or persuade someone from taking a particular action or pursuing a specific course of action

zniechęcać,  odradzać

zniechęcać, odradzać

Ex: I tried to discourage him from quitting his job by highlighting the potential risks and uncertainties. 
lapse
lapse
[Rzeczownik]

a temporary failure or gap in judgment, memory, or concentration

lapsus, luka

lapsus, luka

Ex: There was a lapse in his memory regarding the details of the event. 
presently
presently
[przysłówek]

at the moment or present time

obecnie, w tej chwili

obecnie, w tej chwili

Ex: The manager is presently in a meeting and will be available later. 
to [take] {sb/sth} for granted

to not appreciate a person or thing because one thinks one will never lose them

brać za pewnik, nie doceniać

brać za pewnik, nie doceniać

Ex: Don't take your parents for granted; they won't always be around. 
to discriminate
to discriminate
[Czasownik]

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

dyskryminować

dyskryminować

Ex: The company was accused of discriminating against women in its hiring practices. 
in favor of
in favor of
[Przyimek]

used to show support for something

na korzyść, za

na korzyść, za

Ex: He spoke in favor of the motion, arguing that it would benefit the community. 
to deny
to deny
[Czasownik]

to restrain oneself from having something

powstrzymywać się, odmawiać sobie

powstrzymywać się, odmawiać sobie

Ex: Despite craving chocolate, she denied herself the sweet treat in order to stick to her diet. 
ethical
ethical
[przymiotnik]

sticking to principles of right and wrong conduct and moral standards

etyczny, moralny

etyczny, moralny

Ex: The ethical treatment of animals is a priority for many. 
silicon
silicon
[Rzeczownik]

a tetravalent nonmetallic element; next to oxygen it is the most abundant element in the earth's crust; occurs in clay and feldspar and granite and quartz and sand; used as a semiconductor in transistors

krzem, Si

krzem, Si

to notice
to notice
[Czasownik]

to become aware of something through seeing, hearing, or feeling it

zauważyć, dostrzegać

zauważyć, dostrzegać

Ex: She didn’t notice the quiet hum of the air conditioner until the power went out. 
far-fetched
far-fetched
[przymiotnik]

not probable and difficult to believe

nieprawdopodobny, naciągany

nieprawdopodobny, naciągany

Ex: His explanation for being late was so far-fetched that no one believed him. 
input
input
[Rzeczownik]

the information or events that stimulate action or response

wejście, wkład

wejście, wkład

Ex: The data gathered from the experiment provided crucial input for the research project. 
resource
resource
[Rzeczownik]

(usually plural) means such as equipment, money, manpower, etc. that a person or organization can benefit from

zasób, środek

zasób, środek

Ex: The company invested in state-of-the-art technology to enhance its resources for innovation. 
role
role
[Rzeczownik]

a set of actions and responsibilities that are assigned to a person or group within a specific context

rola

rola

efficiently
efficiently
[przysłówek]

with minimum waste of resources or energy

efektywnie,  wydajnie

efektywnie, wydajnie

Ex: The new software system allows employees to process orders more efficiently, reducing manual errors. 
to act
to act
[Czasownik]

to do something for a special reason

działać, interweniować

działać, interweniować

Ex: The company decided to act quickly to address customer complaints and improve its services. 
in the interest of

with consideration for the benefit, well-being, or advantage of someone or something

w interesie, dla dobra

w interesie, dla dobra

Ex: The company implemented new safety measures in the interest of protecting its employees from potential hazards. 
taxpayer
taxpayer
[Rzeczownik]

someone who pays taxes

podatnik, płatnik podatków

podatnik, płatnik podatków

to deprive of
to deprive of
[Czasownik]

to take away or deny someone or something the possession or enjoyment of a particular thing

pozbawiać, odbierać

pozbawiać, odbierać

Ex: The harsh punishment sought to deprive the convict of freedom for an extended period. 
senior
senior
[przymiotnik]

having a higher status or rank than someone else within an organization, profession, or hierarchy

starszy,  wyższy

starszy, wyższy

Ex: As a senior manager, she oversaw the operations of multiple departments within the company. 
to treat
to treat
[Czasownik]

to deal with or behave toward someone or something in a particular way

traktować, zachowywać się wobec

traktować, zachowywać się wobec

Ex: Always treat animals with care and compassion. 
equally
equally
[przysłówek]

in a fair and even manner, without favoring one over the other

równo, sprawiedliwie

równo, sprawiedliwie

Ex: The siblings divided the candies equally between them. 
to specify
to specify
[Czasownik]

to clearly define or state specific details, characteristics, or requirements

określić,  sprecyzować

określić, sprecyzować

Ex: In the meeting agenda, please specify the topics you'd like to discuss. 
trough
trough
[Rzeczownik]

a period or point when activity, success, or satisfaction is at its lowest level

dolina, okres niski

dolina, okres niski

Ex: After months of success, the team hit a trough in performance. 
gatekeeper
gatekeeper
[Rzeczownik]

someone who controls access to something

strażnik bramy, odźwierny

strażnik bramy, odźwierny

to stick to
to stick to
[Czasownik]

to continue doing something even though there are some hardships

trzymać się, upierać się przy

trzymać się, upierać się przy

Ex: The student stuck to her study schedule, even when exams seemed overwhelming. 
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