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IELTS のための語彙 (基本) - 動物

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「両生類」、「家畜」、「ラバ」などの動物に関する英語の単語を学びます。

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Words for Basic IELTS
alligator
alligator
[名詞]

a large semiaquatic crocodilian of the genus Alligator with a broad rounded snout and powerful jaws

ワニ

ワニ

Ex: An alligator emerged slowly from the marsh and rested on the bank. 
amphibian
amphibian
[名詞]

any cold-blooded animal with the ability to live both on land and in water, such as toads, frogs, etc.

両生類,  amphibian

両生類, amphibian

Ex: The frog is a well-known amphibian that lays its eggs in water and undergoes metamorphosis from tadpole to adult. 

カエルは、水中に卵を産み、オタマジャクシから成虫へと変態するよく知られた両生類です。

ape
ape
[名詞]

a tailless animal similar to a monkey, such as chimpanzees and gorillas

猿, 類人猿

猿, 類人猿

Ex: Young apes learn essential survival skills by watching and imitating older members of their group. 
beast
beast
[名詞]

an animal, especially one that is large, wild, dangerous, or unusual

獣, 野獣

獣, 野獣

Ex: The explorers heard a large beast moving through the bushes. 
to breed
to breed
[動詞]

(of an animal) to have sex and give birth to young

繁殖する, 増殖する

繁殖する, 増殖する

Ex: These rabbits are known for breeding rapidly, so be prepared for more babies soon. 
calf
calf
[名詞]

the young offspring of a cow or bull, typically less than one year old

子牛, 仔牛

子牛, 仔牛

Ex: The calves grazed in the pasture alongside their mothers. 
bull
bull
[名詞]

an adult male animal of the cow family

Ex: The farmer kept the bull in a separate field. 
cattle
cattle
[名詞]

large domesticated animals including cows, bulls, and steers, kept especially for milk or meat

牛,  家畜

牛, 家畜

Ex: The farmer keeps cattle for both milk and meat. 
cold-blooded
cold-blooded
[形容詞]

describing an animal that its body temperature changes depending on the temperature of its surroundings

冷血の, 変温動物の

冷血の, 変温動物の

Ex: Snakes are cold-blooded animals that bask in the sun to raise their body temperature for optimal activity. 

蛇は、最適な活動のために体温を上げるために日光浴をする冷血動物です。

creature
creature
[名詞]

any living thing that is able to move on its own, such as an animal, fish, etc.

生き物, 生物

生き物, 生物

Ex: Biologists study the behavior and ecology of creatures in their natural habitats to better understand their roles in ecosystems and inform conservation efforts. 
domestic
domestic
[形容詞]

(of an animal) capable of living with humans, either on a farm or as a pet in a house

飼いならされた, 家畜化された

飼いならされた, 家畜化された

Ex: Domestic animals such as dogs and cats often form close bonds with their human owners. 
giraffe
giraffe
[名詞]

a tall animal with a very long neck and long legs that has brown spots on its yellow fur

キリン, キリン(名詞)

キリン, キリン(名詞)

Ex: The giraffe gracefully stretched its long neck to reach the tender leaves at the top of the tree. 
guinea pig
guinea pig
[名詞]

a small furry animal with rounded ears, short legs and no tail, which is often kept as a pet or for research

モルモット, ギニアピッグ

モルモット, ギニアピッグ

Ex: Pet owners provide spacious enclosures with hiding spots and toys to keep guinea pigs entertained and stimulated. 
herd
herd
[名詞]

a group of animals, such as cows, sheep, etc. that are from the same species, which move and feed together

群れ, 群衆

群れ, 群衆

Ex: The zookeeper watched as the herd of giraffes wandered through the enclosure. 
leopard
leopard
[名詞]

a large wild animal from the cat family with yellow fur and hollow black spots

ヒョウ

ヒョウ

Ex: The wildlife documentary showcased the daily life of a leopard in the African savanna. 
mule
mule
[名詞]

an animal that is the offspring of a male donkey and a female horse, which is particularly used to carry heavy loads

ラバ

ラバ

Ex: The mule carried heavy loads up the steep mountain trail. 
ox
ox
[名詞]

a bull used on farms to carry heavy loads, which its sex organs are partly removed

去勢された雄牛, 役牛

去勢された雄牛, 役牛

pet
pet
[名詞]

an animal kept at home for companionship or enjoyment

ペット

ペット

Ex: They have two dogs and a rabbit as pets. 
prey
prey
[名詞]

an animal that is hunted and killed for food by another animal

獲物

獲物

Ex: The hawk circled above before diving toward its prey. 
primate
primate
[名詞]

any mammalian animal that belongs to the same group as humans, such as monkeys, apes, lemurs, etc.

霊長類, 猿

霊長類, 猿

reptile
reptile
[名詞]

a class of animals to which crocodiles, lizards, etc. belong, characterized by having cold blood and scaly skin

爬虫類, 冷血動物

爬虫類, 冷血動物

Ex: A reptile like a snake can survive in a wide range of environments. 

蛇のような爬虫類は、様々な環境で生き残ることができます。

species
species
[名詞]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

種, 種々

種, 種々

Ex: The Galapagos finches are a classic example of how different species can evolve from a common ancestor. 

ガラパゴスフィンチは、異なる種が共通の祖先からどのように進化できるかの古典的な例です。

tail
tail
[名詞]

the part of the body of an animal, a bird or a fish that sticks out at the back, which can move

尾, 動物の尾

尾, 動物の尾

Ex: The monkey's tail helps it swing from tree to tree. 
tortoise
tortoise
[名詞]

a type of turtle that lives on land and moves very slowly, with a large shell on its back

カメ, リクガメ

カメ, リクガメ

Ex: The ancient tortoise slowly made its way across the sun-baked desert. 

古代のカメは、太陽に焼かれた砂漠をゆっくりと横断した。

wild
wild
[形容詞]

(of an animal or plant) living or growing in a natural state, without any human interference

野生の, 自然の

野生の, 自然の

Ex: The safari allowed us to see wild elephants, zebras, and giraffes in their natural habitat. 
predator
predator
[名詞]

an animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals

Ex: The wolf is an efficient predator that hunts in packs. 
mammal
mammal
[名詞]

a warm-blooded vertebrate animal whose females produce milk to feed their young and that typically has hair or fur

Ex: Whales are mammals even though they live in the ocean. 
fur
fur
[名詞]

the skin of an animal with its fur still attached, especially when prepared for use in clothing

毛皮

毛皮

Ex: Traders once exchanged animal furs for tools and other goods. 
endangered
endangered
[形容詞]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

絶滅危惧種の

絶滅危惧種の

Ex: The endangered sea turtle population is declining rapidly due to pollution and habitat destruction. 

汚染と生息地の破壊により、絶滅の危機に瀕しているウミガメの個体数が急速に減少しています。

extinction
extinction
[名詞]

a situation in which a particular animal or plant no longer exists

絶滅

絶滅

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