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IELTS のための語彙 (基本) - 天気

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「曇り」「干ばつ」「土砂降り」などの天気に関する英語の単語を学びます。

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Words for Basic IELTS
atmosphere
atmosphere
[名詞]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

大気, ガス層

大気, ガス層

Ex: The spacecraft burned up upon entering Jupiter's dense atmosphere. 
cloudy
cloudy
[形容詞]

having many clouds up in the sky

曇りの, 雲に覆われた

曇りの, 雲に覆われた

Ex: I carried an umbrella with me because the weather looked cloudy. 
to flood
to flood
[動詞]

to become covered or filled with water

浸水する

浸水する

Ex: The basement floods whenever there is heavy rain. 
to freeze
to freeze
[動詞]

(of the weather or temperature) to become cold enough for water to turn to ice

凍る,  凍結する

凍る, 凍結する

Ex: It froze overnight, leaving the roads dangerously icy. 
hurricane
hurricane
[名詞]

a very strong and destructive wind that moves in circles, often seen in the Caribbean

ハリケーン, サイクロン

ハリケーン, サイクロン

Ex: Emergency shelters were set up before the hurricane struck. 

ハリケーンが襲う前に緊急避難所が設置されました。

lightning
lightning
[名詞]

a bright flash, caused by electricity, in the sky or one that hits the ground from within the clouds

稲妻, 雷光

稲妻, 雷光

Ex: They saw a flash of lightning and quickly took cover. 

彼らは稲妻の閃光を見て、すぐに避難した。

to pour
to pour
[動詞]

to rain heavily and in a large amount

注ぐ、土砂降りになる

注ぐ、土砂降りになる

Ex: We had to cancel the picnic because it began to pour unexpectedly. 
rainfall
rainfall
[名詞]

the event of rain falling from the sky

降雨, 雨

降雨, 雨

Ex: The rainfall this year has been much higher than usual. 

今年の降雨量は例年よりもはるかに多かった。

snowfall
snowfall
[名詞]

the event during which snow begins to fall from the sky

降雪, 雪

降雪, 雪

Ex: The cozy cabin offered a perfect retreat from the cold, with a crackling fire and windows framing a breathtaking view of the snowfall outside. 

居心地の良いキャビンは、パチパチと燃える火と、外の降雪の息をのむような景色をフレームに収めた窓で、寒さからの完璧な避難所を提供しました。

tornado
tornado
[名詞]

a strong and dangerous type of wind, which is formed like a turning cone, usually causing damage

竜巻

竜巻

Ex: Many trees were uprooted by the powerful tornado. 

多くの木が強力な竜巻によって根こそぎにされた。

avalanche
avalanche
[名詞]

large amounts of snow falling from mountains

雪崩

雪崩

Ex: Rescue teams were dispatched to the area after the avalanche. 

雪崩の後、救助隊がその地域に派遣されました。

blizzard
blizzard
[名詞]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

吹雪, ブリザード

吹雪, ブリザード

Ex: The blizzard made driving conditions hazardous. 

ブリザードにより、運転条件が危険になりました。

drought
drought
[名詞]

a long period of time when there is not much raining

干ばつ, 水不足

干ばつ, 水不足

Ex: The city imposed water restrictions because of the drought. 

都市は干ばつのため水の制限を課した。

forecast
forecast
[名詞]

a statement or estimate of what is expected to happen in the future

Ex: The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow. 
typhoon
typhoon
[名詞]

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

台風, 熱帯低気圧

台風, 熱帯低気圧

Ex: The typhoon brought heavy rain and strong winds, causing widespread damage to homes and infrastructure. 

台風は豪雨と強風をもたらし、家屋やインフラに広範な被害をもたらしました。

acid rain
acid rain
[名詞]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸性雨, 酸の雨

酸性雨, 酸の雨

Ex: The once-clear mountain stream turned murky after years of acid rain falling on its watershed. 

かつて澄んでいた山の小川は、その流域に何年も酸性雨が降り注いだ後、濁ってしまった。

centigrade
centigrade
[形容詞]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

摂氏, セルシウス

摂氏, セルシウス

Ex: Temperatures above 35 degrees centigrade can be dangerous for outdoor work. 

35度セ氏以上の気温は、屋外作業に危険を及ぼす可能性があります。

cyclone
cyclone
[名詞]

a violent storm with winds moving in circles

サイクロン, 熱帯低気圧

サイクロン, 熱帯低気圧

Ex: The cyclone caused widespread flooding and destruction across the island. 

サイクロンは島全体に広範囲の洪水と破壊をもたらしました。

downpour
downpour
[名詞]

a brief heavy rainfall

土砂降り, 豪雨

土砂降り, 豪雨

Ex: The unexpected downpour caught everyone off guard, forcing them to seek shelter under shop awnings. 

予期せぬ豪雨がすべての人を不意打ちにし、店のひさしの下に避難することを余儀なくさせた。

Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit
[形容詞]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

華氏, 華氏温度に関連する

華氏, 華氏温度に関連する

Ex: Summer temperatures can reach over 100 degrees Fahrenheit in some areas. 

一部の地域では、夏の気温が100度華氏を超えることがあります。

frost
frost
[名詞]

a weather condition during which the temperature drops below the freezing point and thin layers of ice are formed on the surfaces

霜

霜

Ex: The early frost caught many farmers off guard this season. 

今シーズンは早い霜が多くの農家を不意打ちにしました。

monsoon
monsoon
[名詞]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

モンスーン, 雨季

モンスーン, 雨季

Ex: Farmers eagerly anticipate the monsoon season as it brings much-needed rainfall to replenish parched fields and ensure a successful harvest. 

農家は、干ばつした畑を潤し、成功した収穫を確保するために必要な雨をもたらすため、モンスーンの季節を心待ちにしています。

heat wave
heat wave
[名詞]

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

熱波, 猛暑

熱波, 猛暑

Ex: The city issued a warning for a heat wave, advising residents to stay indoors and stay hydrated. 

市は熱波の警告を発し、住民に屋内に留まり水分を摂るように助言しました。

humidity
humidity
[名詞]

the amount of moisture present in the air

湿度

湿度

Ex: The high humidity made the summer day feel even hotter. 

高い湿度で夏の日がさらに暑く感じられた。

mist
mist
[名詞]

a thin cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the air near the ground

霧,  もや

霧, もや

Ex: A light mist covered the lake early in the morning. 
thunder
thunder
[名詞]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

雷鳴, 稲妻

雷鳴, 稲妻

Ex: The thunder rattled the windows during the intense storm. 

激しい嵐の間、雷が窓を揺らした。

vapor
vapor
[名詞]

extremely small drops of liquid in the air, resulted from the heating of the liquid

蒸気,  霧

蒸気, 霧

Ex: The morning mist rose from the lake, forming a delicate vapor that shrouded the landscape. 
torrent
torrent
[名詞]

a powerful stream of water or other liquid that moves very fast

激流, 奔流

激流, 奔流

Ex: The river turned into a raging torrent after heavy rainfall, sweeping away everything in its path. 

大雨の後、川は激しい急流に変わり、進路にあるすべてのものを押し流しました。

to shower
to shower
[動詞]

to fall as rain or snow in brief periods

にわか雨が降る, しゅう雨が降る

にわか雨が降る, しゅう雨が降る

Ex: It showered briefly just before lunch. 
Celsius
Celsius
[名詞]

Swedish astronomer who devised the centigrade thermometer (1701-1744)

セルシウス, アンデルス・セルシウス

セルシウス, アンデルス・セルシウス

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