ログイン
a thermodynamic measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system, denoted by S
エントロピー, 熱力学的無秩序
a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution
溶質, 溶解物質
a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products
反応物
(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself
触媒, 活性化剤
the acceleration or facilitation of a chemical reaction by a substance (catalyst) that remains unchanged at the end of the reaction
触媒作用, 触媒的加速
a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule
共有結合, 電子共有結合
any of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms and, consequently, different properties
異性体, 異性体化合物
a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure
ポリマー, 高分子
a molecule that can chemically bond with other molecules to form a polymer
モノマー, モノマー分子
a compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, with the simplest form being alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes
炭化水素, 水素と炭素の化合物
a chemical compound derived from the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid, typically with the elimination of water
エステル, 化学エステル
an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen atom and another carbon atom, commonly found in essential oils and used in various chemical processes
アルデヒド, カルボニル化合物
a compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom, widely used as solvents, fuels, and in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis
アルコール, エタノール
an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, commonly found in solvents, pharmaceuticals, and flavorings
ケトン, カルボニル化合物
a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between substances
酸化還元, 酸化還元反応
the concentration of a solute in a solution, measured in moles per liter (mol/L or M)
モル濃度, モル濃度
a substance that, when dissolved in a solution, produces ions and enables the conduction of electric current
電解質, 電解質物質
a mixture where small particles of one substance are evenly dispersed in another substance, typically intermediate in size between solution and suspension particles
コロイド, コロイド分散
the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals
腐食
any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water
アルカリ, 塩基
a gas with a strong smell that dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline solution
アンモニア, アザン
a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant
合金
a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights
ハロゲン, ハロゲン元素
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass
同位体, 同位体の形態
any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations
貴ガス, 不活性ガス
a mixture of two liquids where tiny droplets of one are evenly dispersed in the other, like oil in water
乳化, 二つの液体の混合物
the time required for half of a quantity of a substance to undergo a change or decay, typically in the context of radioactive decay or chemical reactions
半減期, 減半時間
a type of uranium that has most of its more radioactive isotopes removed, primarily used for armor-piercing ammunition and shielding
劣化ウラン, 減損ウラン
a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance
溶媒, 溶剤
having an electric charge
帯電した, 充電された
a chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidizing agent, typically producing heat and light
燃焼, 燃焼反応
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