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Лексика Северной и Центральной Америки - Nicaragua

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North and Central America Vocabulary
volcano
volcano
[существительное]

a mountain with an opening on its top, from which melted rock and ash can be pushed out into the air

вулкан

вулкан

Ex: The volcano erupted, sending ash into the sky. 
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freshwater
freshwater
[прилагательное]

living in or taken from water that does not contain salt

пресноводный

пресноводный

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shark
shark
[существительное]

‌a large sea fish with a pointed fin on its back and very sharp teeth

акула

акула

Ex: During the boat tour, they saw a group of sharks feeding on fish. 
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island
island
[существительное]

a piece of land surrounded by water

остров

остров

Ex: I collected seashells as souvenirs from the beautiful island. 
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visitor
visitor
[существительное]

someone who enters a place, such as a building, city, or website, for a particular purpose

посетитель

посетитель

Ex: The museum welcomed thousands of visitors during the holiday season. 
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crater
crater
[существительное]

the round top of a volcano

кратер

кратер

Ex: The scientist studied the formation of the crater after the volcanic eruption. 
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lava
lava
[существительное]

a substance from the inner layers of the earth which is erupted out of a volcanic mountain

лава

лава

Ex: The flowing lava from the volcano destroyed everything in its path. 
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rainforest
rainforest
[существительное]

‌a thick, tropical forest with tall trees and consistently heavy rainfall

тропический лес

тропический лес

Ex: He spent his vacation hiking through the beautiful rainforest. 
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jaguar
jaguar
[существительное]

a large wild animal belonging to the cat family with a yellow fur covered with black spots, native to Central and South America

ягуар

ягуар

Ex: With sleek muscles rippling beneath its spotted coat, the jaguar stalked its prey through the dense jungle. 
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indigenous
indigenous
[прилагательное]

relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

коренной,  туземный

коренной, туземный

Ex: The government implemented policies to protect the rights and traditions of indigenous peoples living in remote areas. 
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explorer
explorer
[существительное]

a person who visits unknown places to find out more about them

исследователь

исследователь

Ex: Early explorers played a key role in discovering new continents. 
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to gain
to gain
[глагол]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

приобретать

приобретать

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
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independence
independence
[существительное]

the state of being free from the control of others

независимость

независимость

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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volcanic eruption
volcanic eruption
[существительное]

the sudden release of lava, gases, and ash from a volcano

извержение вулкана

извержение вулкана

Ex: The volcanic eruption sent ash clouds high into the sky. 
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marimba
marimba
[существительное]

a percussion instrument with a set of wooden bars in different lengths mounted on a frame, played with a yarn or mallets

маримба

маримба

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salsa
salsa
[существительное]

a Latin dance with rhythmic movements, intricate footwork, and hip movements, typically danced in pairs to salsa music

сальса, танец сальса

сальса, танец сальса

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merengue
merengue
[существительное]

a lively couple dance or its music that is originated in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, popular all over the Latin America

музыка меренге

музыка меренге

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folk song
folk song
[существительное]

a song that is part of the tradition of a region or community, with a simple form and melody, developed by ordinary people

народная песня

народная песня

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pottery
pottery
[существительное]

pots, dishes, etc. that are made of clay by hand and then baked in a kiln to be hardened

гончарня

гончарня

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pork
pork
[существительное]

meat from a pig, eaten as food

свинина

свинина

Ex: The chef prepared a delicious dish using tender pork loin and a savory sauce. 
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cabbage
cabbage
[существительное]

a large round vegetable with thick white, green or purple leaves, eaten raw or cooked

капуста

капуста

Ex: She prepared a delicious coleslaw using fresh cabbage, carrots, and a tangy dressing. 
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crop
crop
[существительное]

a plant that is grown for food over large areas of land

урожай

урожай

Ex: The farmers planted a new crop of wheat this season. 
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highland
highland
[существительное]

land with mountains or hills

высокогорье

высокогорье

Ex: The Scottish Highlands boast breathtaking landscapes of rugged mountains, pristine lochs, and rolling hills. 
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poverty
poverty
[существительное]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

бедность

бедность

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
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healthcare
healthcare
[существительное]

the health services and treatments given to people

здравоохранение, медицинское обслуживание

здравоохранение, медицинское обслуживание

Ex: Access to affordable healthcare is a major concern for many families in the country. 
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deforestation
deforestation
[существительное]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

вырубка лесов

вырубка лесов

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
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colonial
colonial
[прилагательное]

related to a country that controls another territory or country

колониальный

колониальный

Ex: Colonial rule often involved the imposition of new laws and institutions by the ruling power. 
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cobblestone
cobblestone
[существительное]

the small, rounded stones used historically for paving streets and paths

булыжник, брусчатка

булыжник, брусчатка

Ex: The old town square was paved with cobblestones. 
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tourist destination
tourist destination
[существительное]

a country, city, or area with places or activities that attracts many visitors and tourists

туристическое направление

туристическое направление

Ex: The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world, attracting millions of visitors each year. 
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environment
environment
[существительное]

the natural world around us where people, animals, and plants live

окружающая среда

окружающая среда

Ex: Conserving water is beneficial for the environment. 
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to cut down
to cut down
[глагол]

to cut through something at its base in order to make it fall

срубить

срубить

Ex: The lumberjacks had to cut down the old oak tree to clear space for the new construction project. 
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to found
to found
[глагол]

to create or establish an organization or place, especially by providing the finances

основывать

основывать

Ex: The university was founded in the early 1900s. 
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shore
shore
[существительное]

the area of land where the land meets a body of water such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river

берег

берег

Ex: The waves gently lapped against the shore, creating a soothing sound. 
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surrounding
surrounding
[прилагательное]

existing or situated all around something or someone

окружающий, соседний

окружающий, соседний

Ex: The surrounding hills provided a picturesque backdrop to the village. 
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to [stand] the test of time

to remain strong, valuable, or effective over a long period, despite changes or challenges

остаются популярными в течение длительного времени

остаются популярными в течение длительного времени

Ex: A stable relationship stands the test of time. 
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to remain
to remain
[глагол]

to stay in the same state or condition

оставаться

оставаться

Ex: Despite the challenges, he remained optimistic. 
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charming
charming
[прилагательное]

(of a place) having a pleasant appearance and atmosphere

очаровательный, прелестный

очаровательный, прелестный

Ex: They stayed in a charming bed-and-breakfast in the countryside. 
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community
community
[существительное]

a group of people who live in the same area

сообщество

сообщество

Ex: The local community came together to organize a charity fundraiser. 
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to soak
to soak
[глагол]

to put something in a liquid for a period of time to allow it to absorb or become saturated

замочить

замочить

Ex: She soaked her feet in warm water after a long day of walking. 
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to steam
to steam
[глагол]

to cook using the steam of boiling water

готовить на пару

готовить на пару

Ex: She loves to steam vegetables for a healthy side dish. 
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