Khoa Học ACT - Biology
Tại đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh liên quan đến sinh học, chẳng hạn như "phân hủy", "đồng hóa", "virion", v.v. sẽ giúp bạn đạt điểm cao trong ACT.
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Đố vui
a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own
sinh vật
a substance that provides nutrients and conditions for the growth of cells or microorganisms
môi trường nuôi cấy, môi trường phát triển
the process of growing cells, tissues, or organisms in an artificial environment with controlled conditions such as temperature, nutrients, and pH
nuôi cấy, nuôi cấy tế bào
the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use
chuyển hóa
a small amount of something such as urine, blood, etc. that is taken for examination
mẫu, thí nghiệm
a genetic variant or subtype of a microorganism, typically within a species, that possesses distinct characteristics from other members of the same species
chủng, biến thể
(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body
tiết ra, sản xuất
to discharge waste products or substances from the body or cells into the environment, typically through urine, feces, or sweat
bài tiết, thải ra
a type of living thing with cells that have a nucleus and other structures enclosed in membranes, like plants, animals, fungi, and some microorganisms
sinh vật nhân thực
a type of reproduction where a single organism can produce offspring without the involvement of another organism
sinh sản vô tính, sinh sản không có giới tính
a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes
giảm phân
a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
nguyên phân
the longest phase of the cell cycle during which the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and carries out its normal functions
giai đoạn trung gian, giai đoạn giao thoa
the initial phase of mitosis, where chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear membrane dissolves, preparing for cell division
kì đầu
the stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes align in pairs along the equator of the cell, preparing for their separation into haploid daughter cells
kỳ giữa
the stage of cell division where sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes are pulled apart towards opposite poles of the cell by spindle fibers
kỳ sau
the last stage of meiosis where chromosomes reach opposite poles, nuclear envelopes reform, and cells prepare to divide into daughter cells with half the original chromosome number
kỳ cuối, kỳ cuối I
to break down or decompose naturally by biological processes, typically through the action of microorganisms like bacteria or fungi
phân huỷ sinh học, phân hủy bởi sinh vật
any molecule produced by living organisms including large molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as smaller molecules like vitamins, hormones, and metabolites
phân tử sinh học, phân tử sinh học lớn
the existence of a range of different plants and animals in a natural environment
đa dạng sinh học
a field of study that combines biology and computational methods to analyze and interpret biological data
tin sinh học, tin học sinh học
not causing harmful reactions or adverse effects when in contact with biological systems
tương thích sinh học, tương hợp sinh học
a branch of biology that employs statistical analysis to study and interpret biological phenomena and observations
sinh trắc, thuật toán sinh trắc
a thick slimy substance produced by mucous membranes, inside the nose or the mouth, to lubricate and protect them
dịch nhầy, mồ hôi nhầy
the branch of biology that deals with microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and their effects on living organisms
vi sinh vật học
a complete virus particle that includes genetic material wrapped in a protein coat, capable of infecting host cells to replicate
virion, hạt virus
the process of training or adapting behavior through repeated experiences or stimuli to produce specific responses or associations
điều kiện hóa, huấn luyện
a substance such as a vitamin, protein, fat, etc. that is essential for good health and growth
chất dinh dưỡng, nguyên tố dinh dưỡng
an approach to innovation and problem-solving that draws inspiration from nature's designs, processes, and systems
biomimicry, sự bắt chước từ thiên nhiên
a special cell used for reproduction, with sperm cells being the male gametes and egg cells being the female gametes
giao tử
the collection of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes, that inhabit a particular environment
vi sinh vật, hệ vi sinh vật
the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other
sinh thái
refering to processes, effects, or phenomena that are caused by human activity or influence
con người, do con người gây ra
tourism that includes visiting endangered natural environments which aims at preservation of the wildlife and the nature
du lịch sinh thái, nhà dân sinh thái
the ability of an organism or cell to move independently using specialized structures such as flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia
độ di động, khả năng di chuyển
a single-celled organism that is neither a plant, animal, nor fungus, typically found in aquatic or moist environments
đơn bào
reflecting a similarity in arrangement, type, or origin, particularly within the same species
đồng dạng, tương tự
the light produced by by living organisms as a result of biochemical reactions, often used for communication, attracting prey, or camouflage
sinh quang
a small, plant-like aquatic organism belonging to the class Hydrozoa, often forming branching colonies
hydroid
the process by which a differentiated cell changes its identity and adopts the characteristics of a different cell type
quá trình chuyển đổi, biến hình tế bào
the network of thread-like structures that form the vegetative part of a fungus, typically growing underground or within a substrate
tấm mycelium
(of an organism) engaging in a symbiotic relationship where both participants benefit from the interaction
hợp tác
describing a relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
commensal, cộng sinh
a mutually beneficial symbiotic association between the roots of plants and fungi where the fungus colonizes the root system, facilitating nutrient uptake from the soil
nấm rễ, nấm rễ cộng sinh
(of organisms) to absorb and incorporate nutrients or substances from their environment into their own tissues or cells
hấp thụ, đồng hóa
a reproductive cell capable of developing into a new organism without fusion with another cell, often adapted for survival in harsh conditions
bào tử
the entirety of living organisms in a specific area or ecosystem, typically measured as dry weight after removing water
sinh khối
related to how living things are categorized based on their similarities
thuộc hệ thống phân loại, liên quan đến phân loại
a shallow, circular, transparent dish with a lid, commonly used in laboratories to culture and study microorganisms
đĩa Petri, chén Petri
a gelatinous substance derived from seaweed and used as a gelling agent in various food
agar
the scientific study of how the universe is created, its development, and how it is going to end
vũ trụ học
the natural process where bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the ecosystem
phân hủy, phân giải
(of organisms or cells) lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, with genetic material free-floating within the cell
sinh vật nguyên sinh, prokaryotic
the underlying surface or material where an organism attaches, grows, or feeds
mặt nền, substrat
capable of triggering an increase in the activity or responsiveness of the cell or organism
kích thích, điều tiết
a single-celled organism used extensively in biological research as a model organism
nấm men phân chia, nấm men phân tán
the process by which organisms evolve over time to better suit their environment, survive, and reproduce more effectively
thích nghi
a single-celled, microscopic organism belonging to the group of protozoa, characterized by a flexible cell membrane and the absence of a fixed body shape
ameba
a scientist who studies the normal functions and activities of living organisms and their parts, often focusing on how biological systems work at the molecular, cellular, and organ levels
sinh lý học
(biology) any of the groups that plants, animals, etc. with similar characteristics are divided into, which is larger than a species and smaller than a family
chi, nhóm