ACT 과학 - Biology

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

유기체

a substance that provides nutrients and conditions for the growth of cells or microorganisms

배양 배지, 성장 배지

the process of growing cells, tissues, or organisms in an artificial environment with controlled conditions such as temperature, nutrients, and pH

배양, 세포 배양

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

신진대사

a small amount of something such as urine, blood, etc. that is taken for examination

표본, 샘플

a genetic variant or subtype of a microorganism, typically within a species, that possesses distinct characteristics from other members of the same species

균주, 변종

(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body

분비하다, 생산하다

to discharge waste products or substances from the body or cells into the environment, typically through urine, feces, or sweat

배설하다, 분비하다

a type of living thing with cells that have a nucleus and other structures enclosed in membranes, like plants, animals, fungi, and some microorganisms

진핵생물

a type of reproduction where a single organism can produce offspring without the involvement of another organism

무성 생식, 성적 관여 없는 생식

a type of cell division that creates reproductive cells with half the usual number of chromosomes

감수 분열

a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

유사분열

the longest phase of the cell cycle during which the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and carries out its normal functions

인터페이스, 인터페이스 단계

the initial phase of mitosis, where chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear membrane dissolves, preparing for cell division

전기

the stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes align in pairs along the equator of the cell, preparing for their separation into haploid daughter cells

중기

the stage of cell division where sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes are pulled apart towards opposite poles of the cell by spindle fibers

아나페이스

the last stage of meiosis where chromosomes reach opposite poles, nuclear envelopes reform, and cells prepare to divide into daughter cells with half the original chromosome number

텔로페이즈, 텔로페이즈 I

to break down or decompose naturally by biological processes, typically through the action of microorganisms like bacteria or fungi

미생물에 의해 분해되다, 생물학적인 분해가 이루어지다

any molecule produced by living organisms including large molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as smaller molecules like vitamins, hormones, and metabolites

생체 분자, 생물 분자

the existence of a range of different plants and animals in a natural environment

생물 다양성

a field of study that combines biology and computational methods to analyze and interpret biological data

생물정보학, 생물학적 정보 기술

not causing harmful reactions or adverse effects when in contact with biological systems

생체 적합성의, 생체 호환성의

a branch of biology that employs statistical analysis to study and interpret biological phenomena and observations

생체 인식, 생체 계측

a thick slimy substance produced by mucous membranes, inside the nose or the mouth, to lubricate and protect them

점액, 뮤코스

the branch of biology that deals with microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and their effects on living organisms

미생물학

a complete virus particle that includes genetic material wrapped in a protein coat, capable of infecting host cells to replicate

비리온, 바이러스 입자

the process of training or adapting behavior through repeated experiences or stimuli to produce specific responses or associations

조건화, 훈련

a substance such as a vitamin, protein, fat, etc. that is essential for good health and growth

영양소, 영양 성분

an approach to innovation and problem-solving that draws inspiration from nature's designs, processes, and systems

생체 모방, 자연의 모방

a special cell used for reproduction, with sperm cells being the male gametes and egg cells being the female gametes

생식세포

the collection of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes, that inhabit a particular environment

미크로바이옴, 미크로바이오타

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

생태학

refering to processes, effects, or phenomena that are caused by human activity or influence

인간 기원, 인위적인

tourism that includes visiting endangered natural environments which aims at preservation of the wildlife and the nature

에코투어리즘, 생태 관광

the ability of an organism or cell to move independently using specialized structures such as flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia

운동성, 모틸리티

a single-celled organism that is neither a plant, animal, nor fungus, typically found in aquatic or moist environments

원생생물

reflecting a similarity in arrangement, type, or origin, particularly within the same species

상동의, 유사한

the light produced by by living organisms as a result of biochemical reactions, often used for communication, attracting prey, or camouflage

생물 발광

a small, plant-like aquatic organism belonging to the class Hydrozoa, often forming branching colonies

히드로이드

the process by which a differentiated cell changes its identity and adopts the characteristics of a different cell type

전이 분화, 세포 유형 전환

the network of thread-like structures that form the vegetative part of a fungus, typically growing underground or within a substrate

균사

(of an organism) engaging in a symbiotic relationship where both participants benefit from the interaction

공생의

describing a relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

공생의, 공생적인

a mutually beneficial symbiotic association between the roots of plants and fungi where the fungus colonizes the root system, facilitating nutrient uptake from the soil

균근, 균근군

(of organisms) to absorb and incorporate nutrients or substances from their environment into their own tissues or cells

동화하다, 흡수하다

a reproductive cell capable of developing into a new organism without fusion with another cell, often adapted for survival in harsh conditions

포자

the entirety of living organisms in a specific area or ecosystem, typically measured as dry weight after removing water

바이오매스

related to how living things are categorized based on their similarities

분류학적인, 계통적인

a shallow, circular, transparent dish with a lid, commonly used in laboratories to culture and study microorganisms

페트리 접시, 페트리 디쉬

a gelatinous substance derived from seaweed and used as a gelling agent in various food

아가르

the scientific study of how the universe is created, its development, and how it is going to end

우주론

(of a disease) able to make one sick

병원성의, 치명적인

the natural process where bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the ecosystem

분해, 부패

(of organisms or cells) lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, with genetic material free-floating within the cell

원핵의, 원핵생물의

the underlying surface or material where an organism attaches, grows, or feeds

기질, 바탕

capable of triggering an increase in the activity or responsiveness of the cell or organism

억제하지 않는, 자극성의

a single-celled organism used extensively in biological research as a model organism

분열 효모, 파편 효모

the process by which organisms evolve over time to better suit their environment, survive, and reproduce more effectively

적응

a single-celled, microscopic organism belonging to the group of protozoa, characterized by a flexible cell membrane and the absence of a fixed body shape

아메바

a scientist who studies the normal functions and activities of living organisms and their parts, often focusing on how biological systems work at the molecular, cellular, and organ levels

생리학자

(biology) any of the groups that plants, animals, etc. with similar characteristics are divided into, which is larger than a species and smaller than a family

속, 그룹