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These

demonstrative determinersdemonstrative pronounsdemonstrativesthese

'These' is the plural form of 'this.' In this part, we will go through its uses and grammatical rules in English grammar.

The Pronoun "These" in the English Grammar

These is the plural form of this. These can be the subject or the object of a sentence. In this lesson, we will discuss when and how to use it.

Functions of 'These'

  1. Demonstrative Determiner
  2. Demonstrative Pronoun

1. 'These' as a Demonstrative Determiner

Use

These as a demonstrative determiner is used to identify a noun or a noun phrase. It is mainly used to show near things or people. To learn more functions of these, have a look:

  • These is used to show people or things that are close to the speaker, such as:

These apples are really delicious.

The speaker is probably pointing at 'apples.'

I love these kids.

'These kids' is an object.

  • These is used to show people or things that have already been mentioned, such as:

Loose-fitting clothes are trend nowadays. These styles are really popular.

'These styles' reflects back to 'loose-fitting clothes.'

  • These is used to introduce people or things that you are going to talk about, like:

These kids are their children.

These brothers are my kids.

  • These is used to introduce people or things into a story, for example:

These princesses are the most beautiful girls in our country.

This sentence is in a story.

  • These is used to show things or people that are familiar to everyone. For example:

These rules help make a better society.

The speaker and the interlocutor both know 'which rules' they are talking about.

  • These in a combination of 'these days' has a similar meaning to 'now' or 'nowadays.' For example:

People prefer to eat fast food these days.

Position in a Sentence

These as a demonstrative determiner comes before a noun or a noun phrase. For example:

I love these kids.

'Kids' is a noun.

These beautiful princesses are the most beautiful girls in our country.

2. 'These' as a Demonstrative Pronoun

Use

These as a demonstrative pronoun is used to point at near people or things. It has more functions. To learn them, take a look: Here are its uses:

  • These is used to refer to people or things that are near to you, for example:

These are her cars.

The speaker is probably pointing at 'cars.'

  • These is used to refer to people or things that have already been mentioned or identified, like:

These are the new books that I bought last week.

  • These is used to introduce people or things that you are going to talk about, such as:

These are some stories about love and friendship.

These are my brothers.

Position in a Sentence

These as a demonstrative pronoun replaces the subject or the object of the sentence. It mainly comes with the 'to be' verb. For example:

These are the new books that I bought last week.

'These' is the subject followed by the 'to be' verb.

These might be yours.

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