CEFR C2 Vocabulary - Technology and Internet

a collective virtual shared space, created by the convergence of virtually enhanced physical reality and interactive digital spaces

a technology that converts written text into spoken voice output

a technology that allows devices to be connected to a computer system and used without requiring extensive installation or configuration

a small hardware device that connects to a computer, smartphone, or other electronic device to provide additional functionality, often for purposes such as wireless communication, security, or data storage

a small, handheld computer or electronic device that fits in the palm of one's hand

the process of converting information or data into a coded form to prevent unauthorized access

a set of rules or instructions used by social media platforms and other digital systems to process, analyze, and determine the content, recommendations, or outcomes presented to users based on various factors such as their behavior, preferences, or trends

a small, portable storage device that connects to a computer via a USB port

manually operated electrical switch with a lever that can be moved up or down to open or close an electrical circuit

a small program that initiates the loading of a more complex operating system, typically stored in the computer's firmware or read-only memory

the time it takes for data to travel from one point to another in a network

the ability of different systems, software, or devices to seamlessly communicate, exchange data, and work together effectively

a set of protocols and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other

a decentralized naming system used on the internet to translate human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers can understand, enabling the proper routing of data between devices and servers

the maximum rate of data transfer of an electronic communications system

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

a computer or device on a network that provides services, resources, or data to other computers or devices, known as clients

educational software or online materials designed for teaching or learning specific subjects or skills

a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a computer or device

to set up or arrange a system, device, software, or components in a specific way to achieve a desired functionality or performance

to send a signal to a computer and wait for a reply as a way to test the connection

a technology that overlays computer-generated information, such as images or data, onto the real world, enhancing the user's perception and interaction with their environment

to make a process, task, or system operate automatically, often through the use of technology or machinery, reducing the need for manual intervention

the use of electronic communication to harass, intimidate, or harm others, typically through social media, messaging apps, or online platforms

a part of a computer responsible for storing and controlling data where users cannot easily access

a part of a computer that is easily accessible and one uses constantly

an individual who engages in unauthorized attempts to access computer systems, networks, or software, often with malicious intent