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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Roles Sociales y Arquetipos

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
apologist
apologist
[Sustantivo]

a person who defends or justifies a belief, policy, or institution, often against criticism

apologista, defensor

apologista, defensor

Ex: Religious apologists often debate critics of faith. 

Los apologistas religiosos a menudo debaten con los críticos de la fe.

confidante
confidante
[Sustantivo]

a woman trusted with someone's private thoughts, secrets, or personal matters

confidente, íntima

confidente, íntima

Ex: He relied on his sister as a confidante when making big decisions. 

Él confiaba en su hermana como confidente al tomar decisiones importantes.

conformist
conformist
[Sustantivo]

a person who goes along with majority opinions, religious norms, and cultural conventions without critical questioning

conformista

conformista

Ex: On social media, many offer controversial opinions but conformists avoid posts risking backlash from their social circles and peer groups. 

En las redes sociales, muchos ofrecen opiniones controvertidas pero los conformistas evitan publicaciones que arriesgan provocar reacciones negativas de sus círculos sociales y grupos de pares.

coquette
coquette
[Sustantivo]

a woman who enjoys flirting or teasing romantic interest, often without intending a serious commitment

coqueta

coqueta

Ex: The coquette's coy smiles and playful banter made her the center of attention at every social gathering. 

Las sonrisas tímidas y las bromas juguetonas de la coqueta la convertían en el centro de atención en cada reunión social.

dissident
dissident
[Sustantivo]

someone who declares opposition to the government of one's country, knowing there is punishment for doing so

disidente

disidente

Ex: Ai Weiwei is a contemporary Chinese dissident artist who uses his work to draw attention to political and social issues. 

Ai Weiwei es un artista chino contemporáneo disidente que utiliza su trabajo para llamar la atención sobre problemas políticos y sociales.

fledgling
fledgling
[Sustantivo]

a beginner or newcomer to a field or activity, still inexperienced

novato, principiante

novato, principiante

Ex: Even as a fledgling lawyer, she showed remarkable skill in court. 

Incluso como abogada novata, mostró una habilidad notable en el tribunal.

itinerant
itinerant
[Adjetivo]

(of a person) traveling from place to place, often for work or a specific purpose

ambulante

ambulante

Ex: The itinerant musician played in different cities each week. 

El músico itinerante tocaba en diferentes ciudades cada semana.

literati
literati
[Sustantivo]

intellectuals or well-educated people interested in literature and scholarly writing

literatos

literatos

Ex: In the 18th century, correspondence among the European literati shaped modern thought. 

En el siglo XVIII, la correspondencia entre los literatos europeos dio forma al pensamiento moderno.

itinerant
itinerant
[Sustantivo]

a worker or laborer who travels from one place to another, usually to find temporary employment

trabajador itinerante, jornalero ambulante

trabajador itinerante, jornalero ambulante

Ex: The town provided shelter for itinerants passing through. 

El pueblo proporcionó refugio a los itinerantes que pasaban.

maverick
maverick
[Sustantivo]

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

inconformista

inconformista

Ex: As a maverick, she challenged the status quo at every opportunity. 

Como un inconformista, desafió el statu quo en cada oportunidad.

mendicant
mendicant
[Sustantivo]

a person who begs other people for food and money

mendigo

mendigo

Ex: The story follows a mendicant who wanders through the streets, reflecting on his past life. 

La historia sigue a un mendigo que vaga por las calles, reflexionando sobre su vida pasada.

neophyte
neophyte
[Sustantivo]

Someone who is just beginning to engage in a field, skill, or practice

neófito

neófito

Ex: He's a neophyte in the kitchen but eager to learn. 

Es un neófito en la cocina pero está ansioso por aprender.

recluse
recluse
[Sustantivo]

an individual who lives by themselves and avoids all sorts of contact with other people

ermitaño

ermitaño

Ex: The reporters struggled to get any information from the celebrity who had become a recluse since her scandal broke. 

Los reporteros lucharon por obtener información de la celebridad que se había convertido en una reclusa desde que estalló su escándalo.

supplicant
supplicant
[Sustantivo]

a person who earnestly and respectfully asks for help, mercy, or favor, especially from a deity or higher authority

suplicante, rogador

suplicante, rogador

Ex: The monk received each supplicant with compassion and calm. 

El monje recibió a cada suplicante con compasión y calma.

zealot
zealot
[Sustantivo]

a person who is fanatically committed to a cause, ideology, or belief, often with uncompromising intensity and willingness to act aggressively in its defense

fanático

fanático

Ex: She was a zealot for animal rights, refusing any compromise. 

Era una fanática de los derechos de los animales, sin aceptar ningún compromiso.

hedonist
hedonist
[Sustantivo]

an individual who acts according to the belief that pursuing pleasure is of the highest importance in life

hedonista

hedonista

Ex: The hedonist valued luxury and comfort above all else. 

El hedonista valoraba el lujo y la comodidad por encima de todo.

iconoclast
iconoclast
[Sustantivo]

a person who challenges or rejects established beliefs, customs, or values, often with the intent to provoke change or expose flaws

iconoclasta

iconoclasta

Ex: The artist gained fame as an iconoclast who defied conventional aesthetics. 

El artista ganó fama como un iconoclasta que desafiaba la estética convencional.

cynosure
cynosure
[Sustantivo]

something or someone that is the center of attraction or admiration

centro de atención

centro de atención

Ex: At the gala, her speech made her the cynosure, as the audience hung on every word. 

En la gala, su discurso la convirtió en el centro de atención, mientras el público pendía de cada una de sus palabras.

sacred cow
sacred cow
[Sustantivo]

an idea, custom, or institution considered immune from criticism or questioning

vaca sagrada, tema intocable

vaca sagrada, tema intocable

Ex: No one dared to question the annual festival; it had become a sacred cow in the town. 

Nadie se atrevía a cuestionar el festival anual; en el pueblo se había vuelto una vaca sagrada.

I'm from Missouri

used to express skepticism and demand proof before believing something

Ex: They said the project would finish early, but I'm from Missouri until I see results. 
interloper
interloper
[Sustantivo]

a person who becomes involved in a place or situation where they are not wanted or do not belong

intruso

intruso

Ex: The interloper disrupted the meeting with unsolicited advice. 

El intruso interrumpió la reunión con consejos no solicitados.

potentate
potentate
[Sustantivo]

someone who rules over people and possesses absolute control and power

potentado

potentado

Ex: As a potentate, she had the final say on all matters of state and exerted her influence across the land. 

Como potentado, ella tenía la última palabra en todos los asuntos de estado y ejercía su influencia en todo el territorio.

tyro
tyro
[Sustantivo]

a beginner or novice in a particular field or activity

principiante

principiante

Ex: Starting as a tyro in the kitchen, he gradually honed his culinary skills through practice and experimentation. 

Comenzando como un novato en la cocina, gradualmente perfeccionó sus habilidades culinarias a través de la práctica y la experimentación.

confidant
confidant
[Sustantivo]

a person in whom one places trust and shares secrets or private thoughts and feelings

confidente

confidente

Ex: He became her confidant during a difficult time in her life. 

Se convirtió en su confidente durante un momento difícil de su vida.

dilettante
dilettante
[Sustantivo]

a person who has an interest in a particular subject but lacks determination or knowledge on the matter

diletante

diletante

Ex: The writer was accused of being a dilettante, as he flitted from one project to another without ever completing a novel or committing to a writing career. 

El escritor fue acusado de ser un diletante, ya que saltaba de un proyecto a otro sin completar nunca una novela o comprometerse con una carrera de escritura.

nonentity
nonentity
[Sustantivo]

a person who lacks influence or importance in a particular setting or community

nulidad

nulidad

Ex: Despite her enthusiasm, she was seen as a nonentity in the corporate hierarchy. 

A pesar de su entusiasmo, era vista como una nulidad en la jerarquía corporativa.

octogenarian
octogenarian
[Sustantivo]

a person who is between 80 and 89 years old

octogenario, persona octogenaria

octogenario, persona octogenaria

Ex: The charity honored several octogenarians for their lifelong contributions. 

La organización benéfica honró a varios octogenarios por sus contribuciones de toda la vida.

amazon
amazon
[Sustantivo]

a woman who is notably tall, strong, or forceful in character or behavior

amazona, guerrera

amazona, guerrera

Ex: Some saw her as an amazon because of her bold and commanding presence. 

Algunos la veían como una amazona debido a su presencia audaz y dominante.

tutelary
tutelary
[Adjetivo]

providing guardianship, protection, or guidance, often in a supervisory or spiritual sense

tutelar, protector

tutelar, protector

Ex: The teacher took on a tutelary role, guiding her students with care. 

La maestra asumió un papel tutelar, guiando a sus alumnos con cuidado.

aspirant
aspirant
[Sustantivo]

an individual who actively seeks a role, title, or achievement, often with ambition and determination

aspirante

aspirante

Ex: She was an aspirant to the throne, despite her distant lineage. 

Ella era una aspirante al trono, a pesar de su linaje lejano.

vogue
vogue
[Sustantivo]

the latest fashion trend or style of the time

moda

moda

Ex: During the 1960s, psychedelic prints were in vogue and dominated the fashion scene. 

Durante la década de 1960, los estampados psicodélicos estaban de moda y dominaban la escena de la moda.

idiosyncrasy
idiosyncrasy
[Sustantivo]

an unusual or strange behavior, thought, or habit that is specific to one person

idiosincrasia

idiosincrasia

Ex: The professor’s idiosyncrasy of speaking in rhymes often puzzled students. 

La idiosincrasia del profesor de hablar en rimas a menudo desconcertaba a los estudiantes.

orthodox
orthodox
[Adjetivo]

following established beliefs, traditions, or accepted standards

ortodoxo

ortodoxo

Ex: The government's response to the crisis was orthodox, following established protocols and procedures. 

La respuesta del gobierno a la crisis fue ortodoxa, siguiendo protocolos y procedimientos establecidos.

to comport
to comport
[Verbo]

to act or behave in a particular way, often referring to personal manners, attitude, or bearing

comportarse, conducirse

comportarse, conducirse

Ex: He tried to comport himself confidently despite being nervous. 

Intentó comportarse con confianza a pesar de estar nervioso.

penchant
penchant
[Sustantivo]

a strong tendency to do something or a fondness for something

inclinación, afición

inclinación, afición

Ex: His penchant for classic movies is obvious. 

Su predilección por las películas clásicas es obvia.

propensity
propensity
[Sustantivo]

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

propensión

propensión

Ex: The child showed a propensity for music at a very young age. 

El niño mostró una propensión por la música a una edad muy temprana.

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