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剑桥英语:CPE(C2 熟练度) - 社会角色与原型

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
apologist
[名词]

a person who defends or justifies a belief, policy, or institution, often against criticism

辩护者, 拥护者

辩护者, 拥护者

Ex: Historians sometimes act as apologists for past empires .历史学家有时会充当过去帝国的**辩护者**。
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confidante
[名词]

a woman trusted with someone's private thoughts, secrets, or personal matters

知己, 红颜知己

知己, 红颜知己

Ex: Writers sometimes use diaries as a silent confidante.作家有时将日记用作沉默的**知己**。
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conformist
[名词]

a person who goes along with majority opinions, religious norms, and cultural conventions without critical questioning

顺从者, 随大流的人

顺从者, 随大流的人

Ex: During wartime , propaganda often portrayed the enemy as radical while one 's own citizens were patriotic conformists supporting the government .在战争时期,宣传常常将敌人描绘成激进分子,而自己的公民则是支持政府的爱国**顺从者**。
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coquette
[名词]

a woman who enjoys flirting or teasing romantic interest, often without intending a serious commitment

卖弄风情的女人

卖弄风情的女人

Ex: Though she enjoyed the company of men and the attention they showered upon her , the coquette remained independent and uninterested in settling down .尽管她喜欢男人的陪伴和他们给予她的关注,但**卖弄风情的女人**仍然独立,对安定下来不感兴趣。
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dissident
[名词]

someone who declares opposition to the government of one's country, knowing there is punishment for doing so

持不同政见者, 异议人士

持不同政见者, 异议人士

Ex: He was known as a prominent dissident who advocated for democratic reforms .他被称为一位杰出的**异见人士**,主张民主改革。
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fledgling
[名词]

a beginner or newcomer to a field or activity, still inexperienced

新手, 初学者

新手, 初学者

Ex: As a fledgling writer , he often doubted his own ability .作为一名**新手**作家,他经常怀疑自己的能力。
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itinerant
[形容词]

(of a person) traveling from place to place, often for work or a specific purpose

巡回的, 游牧的

巡回的, 游牧的

Ex: The itinerant photographer captured scenes from different corners of the world .**巡回**摄影师捕捉了来自世界不同角落的场景。
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literati
[名词]

intellectuals or well-educated people interested in literature and scholarly writing

Ex: As an aspiring writer , Jane dreamt of the day she would be considered part of the literati and invited to prestigious literary events .
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itinerant
[名词]

a worker or laborer who travels from one place to another, usually to find temporary employment

流动工人, 巡回劳工

流动工人, 巡回劳工

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maverick
[名词]

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

特立独行的人, 独行侠

特立独行的人, 独行侠

Ex: In a room full of followers , he stood out as the maverick.在一个满是追随者的房间里,他作为**特立独行者**脱颖而出。
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mendicant
[名词]

a person who begs other people for food and money

乞丐, 乞讨者

乞丐, 乞讨者

Ex: The film portrayed the life of a mendicant as both challenging and poignant .这部电影描绘了一个**乞丐**的生活,既充满挑战又令人心酸。
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neophyte
[名词]

Someone who is just beginning to engage in a field, skill, or practice

新手, 初学者

新手, 初学者

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recluse
[名词]

an individual who lives by themselves and avoids all sorts of contact with other people

隐士, 隐居者

隐士, 隐居者

Ex: Her decision to live as a recluse was driven by a desire for personal reflection .她决定过着**隐士**的生活是出于个人反思的愿望。
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supplicant
[名词]

a person who earnestly and respectfully asks for help, mercy, or favor, especially from a deity or higher authority

恳求者, 哀求者

恳求者, 哀求者

Ex: At her throne , she heard the pleas of the many supplicants requesting her mercy and favor .僧人以慈悲和平静接待了每一位**恳求者**。
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zealot
[名词]

a person who is fanatically committed to a cause, ideology, or belief, often with uncompromising intensity and willingness to act aggressively in its defense

狂热分子, 狂热者

狂热分子, 狂热者

Ex: The political zealot was known for his extreme views and unwavering commitment to his party 's agenda .政治**狂热分子**涌上街头,要求激进变革。
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hedonist
[名词]

an individual who acts according to the belief that pursuing pleasure is of the highest importance in life

享乐主义者

享乐主义者

Ex: He was known as a hedonist, always choosing the most pleasurable path .他以**享乐主义者**而闻名,总是选择最愉快的道路。
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iconoclast
[名词]

a person who challenges or rejects established beliefs, customs, or values, often with the intent to provoke change or expose flaws

偶像破坏者, 传统颠覆者

偶像破坏者, 传统颠覆者

Ex: The film 's director was hailed as an iconoclast for breaking genre rules .这部电影的导演因打破类型规则而被誉为**偶像破坏者**。
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cynosure
[名词]

something or someone that is the center of attraction or admiration

关注的焦点, 钦佩的中心

关注的焦点, 钦佩的中心

Ex: The majestic mountain peak stood as the cynosure of the landscape , visible from miles away .雄伟的山峰作为风景的**焦点**矗立着,从数英里外都可见。
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sacred cow
[名词]

an idea, custom, or institution considered immune from criticism or questioning

圣牛, 禁忌

圣牛, 禁忌

Ex: Breaking a sacred cow often causes backlash but can lead to improvement .打破**神圣不可侵犯的事物**常常会引起强烈反对,但可能带来改进。
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used to express skepticism and demand proof before believing something

Ex: You can't fool meI'm from Missouri until you prove it.
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interloper
[名词]

a person who becomes involved in a place or situation where they are not wanted or do not belong

闯入者, 不速之客

闯入者, 不速之客

Ex: She felt like an interloper at family gatherings after her parents divorced and her stepfamily took over traditions .**闯入者**用未经请求的建议扰乱了会议。
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potentate
[名词]

someone who rules over people and possesses absolute control and power

专制君主, 统治者

专制君主, 统治者

Ex: The potentate’s decisions were implemented without question , reflecting his total control over the government .**专制君主**的决定被毫无疑问地执行,反映了他对政府的完全控制。
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tyro
[名词]

a beginner or novice in a particular field or activity

新手, 初学者

新手, 初学者

Ex: The theater company welcomed tyros interested in acting, providing training and guidance to help them develop their talent.剧院公司欢迎对表演感兴趣的**新手**,提供培训和指导以帮助他们发展自己的才能。
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confidant
[名词]

a person in whom one places trust and shares secrets or private thoughts and feelings

知己, 心腹

知己, 心腹

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dilettante
[名词]

a person who has an interest in a particular subject but lacks determination or knowledge on the matter

业余爱好者, 半吊子

业余爱好者, 半吊子

Ex: He dismissed critics who called him a dilettante, arguing that his varied interests enriched his life and allowed him to approach problems from different perspectives .他驳斥了那些称他为**业余爱好者**的批评者,认为他多样的兴趣丰富了他的生活,使他能够从不同的角度解决问题。
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nonentity
[名词]

a person who lacks influence or importance in a particular setting or community

无足轻重的人, 无影响力的人

无足轻重的人, 无影响力的人

Ex: He was treated like a nonentity by the major players in the business world .他被商界的主要参与者当作**无足轻重的人**对待。
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octogenarian
[名词]

a person who is between 80 and 89 years old

八旬老人, 80至89岁之间的人

八旬老人, 80至89岁之间的人

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amazon
[名词]

a woman who is notably tall, strong, or forceful in character or behavior

亚马逊女战士, 女勇士

亚马逊女战士, 女勇士

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tutelary
[形容词]

providing guardianship, protection, or guidance, often in a supervisory or spiritual sense

守护的, 监护的

守护的, 监护的

Ex: His tutelary presence gave the children a sense of safety .他**监护**般的存在给了孩子们一种安全感。
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aspirant
[名词]

an individual who actively seeks a role, title, or achievement, often with ambition and determination

有志者, 候选人

有志者, 候选人

Ex: The aspirant dreamed of becoming a published author.**有志者**梦想成为一名出版作家。
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vogue
[名词]

the latest fashion trend or style of the time

时尚, 潮流

时尚, 潮流

Ex: Vintage accessories have come back into vogue, adding a nostalgic touch to modern outfits .复古配饰又**流行**起来了,为现代服装增添了一丝怀旧气息。
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idiosyncrasy
[名词]

an unusual or strange behavior, thought, or habit that is specific to one person

特质, 怪癖

特质, 怪癖

Ex: Her obsession with organizing books by color is a unique idiosyncrasy.她按颜色整理书籍的癖好是一种独特的**特质**。
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orthodox
[形容词]

following established beliefs, traditions, or accepted standards

正统的, 传统的

正统的, 传统的

Ex: He held orthodox views on religious practices .他对宗教实践持有**正统**观点。
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to comport
[动词]

to act or behave in a particular way, often referring to personal manners, attitude, or bearing

举止, 行为

举止, 行为

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penchant
[名词]

a strong tendency to do something or a fondness for something

倾向

倾向

Ex: He has a penchant for wearing bright colors .他**偏爱**穿鲜艳的颜色。
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propensity
[名词]

a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

倾向, 习性

倾向, 习性

Ex: His propensity for punctuality earned him a reputation as a reliable employee .他对守时的**倾向**使他赢得了可靠员工的声誉。
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剑桥英语:CPE(C2 熟练度)
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