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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Social Roles & Archetypes

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
apologist
[noun]

a person who defends or justifies a belief, policy, or institution, often against criticism

Ex: Historians sometimes act as apologists for past empires .
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a woman trusted with someone's private thoughts, secrets, or personal matters

Ex: Writers sometimes use diaries as a silent confidante.
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a person who goes along with majority opinions, religious norms, and cultural conventions without critical questioning

Ex: During wartime , propaganda often portrayed the enemy as radical while one 's own citizens were patriotic conformists supporting the government .
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coquette
[noun]

a woman who enjoys flirting or teasing romantic interest, often without intending a serious commitment

Ex: Though she enjoyed the company of men and the attention they showered upon her , the coquette remained independent and uninterested in settling down .
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dissident
[noun]

someone who declares opposition to the government of one's country, knowing there is punishment for doing so

Ex: He was known as a prominent dissident who advocated for democratic reforms .
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fledgling
[noun]

a beginner or newcomer to a field or activity, still inexperienced

Ex: As a fledgling writer , he often doubted his own ability .
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itinerant
[Adjective]

(of a person) traveling from place to place, often for work or a specific purpose

Ex: The itinerant photographer captured scenes from different corners of the world .
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literati
[noun]

intellectuals or well-educated people interested in literature and scholarly writing

Ex: As an aspiring writer , Jane dreamt of the day she would be considered part of the literati and invited to prestigious literary events .
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itinerant
[noun]

a worker or laborer who travels from one place to another, usually to find temporary employment

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maverick
[noun]

an individual who thinks and behaves differently and independently

Ex: In a room full of followers , he stood out as the maverick.
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mendicant
[noun]

a person who begs other people for food and money

Ex: The film portrayed the life of a mendicant as both challenging and poignant .
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neophyte
[noun]

Someone who is just beginning to engage in a field, skill, or practice

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recluse
[noun]

an individual who lives by themselves and avoids all sorts of contact with other people

Ex: Her decision to live as a recluse was driven by a desire for personal reflection .
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a person who earnestly and respectfully asks for help, mercy, or favor, especially from a deity or higher authority

Ex: At her throne , she heard the pleas of the many supplicants requesting her mercy and favor .
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zealot
[noun]

a person who is fanatically committed to a cause, ideology, or belief, often with uncompromising intensity and willingness to act aggressively in its defense

Ex: The political zealot was known for his extreme views and unwavering commitment to his party 's agenda .
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hedonist
[noun]

an individual who acts according to the belief that pursuing pleasure is of the highest importance in life

Ex: He was known as a hedonist, always choosing the most pleasurable path .
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a person who challenges or rejects established beliefs, customs, or values, often with the intent to provoke change or expose flaws

Ex: The film 's director was hailed as an iconoclast for breaking genre rules .
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cynosure
[noun]

something or someone that is the center of attraction or admiration

Ex: The majestic mountain peak stood as the cynosure of the landscape , visible from miles away .
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an idea, custom, or institution considered immune from criticism or questioning

Ex: Breaking a sacred cow often causes backlash but can lead to improvement .
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used to express skepticism and demand proof before believing something

Ex: You can't fool meI'm from Missouri until you prove it.
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a person who becomes involved in a place or situation where they are not wanted or do not belong

Ex: She felt like an interloper at family gatherings after her parents divorced and her stepfamily took over traditions .
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potentate
[noun]

someone who rules over people and possesses absolute control and power

Ex: The potentate’s decisions were implemented without question , reflecting his total control over the government .
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tyro
[noun]

a beginner or novice in a particular field or activity

Ex: The theater company welcomed tyros interested in acting, providing training and guidance to help them develop their talent.
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confidant
[noun]

a person in whom one places trust and shares secrets or private thoughts and feelings

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a person who has an interest in a particular subject but lacks determination or knowledge on the matter

Ex: He dismissed critics who called him a dilettante, arguing that his varied interests enriched his life and allowed him to approach problems from different perspectives .
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nonentity
[noun]

a person who lacks influence or importance in a particular setting or community

Ex: He was treated like a nonentity by the major players in the business world .
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a person who is between 80 and 89 years old

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amazon
[noun]

a woman who is notably tall, strong, or forceful in character or behavior

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tutelary
[Adjective]

providing guardianship, protection, or guidance, often in a supervisory or spiritual sense

Ex: His tutelary presence gave the children a sense of safety .
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aspirant
[noun]

an individual who actively seeks a role, title, or achievement, often with ambition and determination

Ex: The aspirant dreamed of becoming a published author.
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vogue
[noun]

the latest fashion trend or style of the time

Ex: Vintage accessories have come back into vogue, adding a nostalgic touch to modern outfits .
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an unusual or strange behavior, thought, or habit that is specific to one person

Ex: Her obsession with organizing books by color is a unique idiosyncrasy.
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orthodox
[Adjective]

following established beliefs, traditions, or accepted standards

Ex: He held orthodox views on religious practices .
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to act or behave in a particular way, often referring to personal manners, attitude, or bearing

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penchant
[noun]

a strong tendency to do something or a fondness for something

Ex: He has a penchant for wearing bright colors .
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a natural inclination to behave in a certain way or exhibit particular characteristics

Ex: His propensity for punctuality earned him a reputation as a reliable employee .
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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
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