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Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico) - Química

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre química, como "arsenic", "catalyst", "distill", etc. que se necesitan para el examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
arsenic
arsenic
[Sustantivo]

a poisonous chemical element with properties of both metals and nonmetals that is grey in color, used in industry or as a pesticide

arsénico

arsénico

calcium
calcium
[Sustantivo]

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

calcio

calcio

carbon
carbon
[Sustantivo]

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

carbono

carbono

Ex: The carbon in the atmosphere plays a crucial role in the greenhouse effect. 

El carbono en la atmósfera juega un papel crucial en el efecto invernadero.

copper
copper
[Sustantivo]

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

cobre

cobre

Ex: Plumbing pipes made of copper are known for their durability and resistance to corrosion. 

Las tuberías de plomería hechas de cobre son conocidas por su durabilidad y resistencia a la corrosión.

helium
helium
[Sustantivo]

a chemical element that is a colorless noble gas which is lighter than air

helio

helio

gold
gold
[Sustantivo]

a valuable yellow-colored metal that is used for making jewelry

oro

oro

Ex: The ancient Egyptians used gold to create intricate jewelry and artifacts. 

Los antiguos egipcios usaban oro para crear joyas y artefactos intrincados.

iron
iron
[Sustantivo]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

hierro

hierro

Ex: The metalworker melted iron to create a molten metal for casting. 

El metalúrgico fundió hierro para crear un metal fundido para fundición.

lead
lead
[Sustantivo]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

plomo

plomo

Ex: In ancient times, lead was often used to make coins and statues due to its ease of shaping and durability. 

En la antigüedad, el plomo se usaba a menudo para hacer monedas y estatuas debido a su facilidad de moldeo y durabilidad.

acid
acid
[Sustantivo]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

ácido

ácido

Ex: Vinegar is an example of a weak acid known as acetic acid, which is commonly used in cooking and cleaning. 

El vinagre es un ejemplo de un ácido débil conocido como ácido acético, que se usa comúnmente en la cocina y la limpieza.

catalyst
catalyst
[Sustantivo]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

catalizador

catalizador

Ex: In the Haber process, iron is used as a catalyst to promote the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases. 

En el proceso Haber, el hierro se utiliza como catalizador para promover la síntesis de amoníaco a partir de gases de nitrógeno e hidrógeno.

chemical
chemical
[Sustantivo]

a substance or compound produced or used in a process involving chemistry

producto químico

producto químico

element
element
[Sustantivo]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

elemento

elemento

Ex: The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic numbers and properties. 

La tabla periódica organiza los elementos según sus números atómicos y propiedades.

compound
compound
[Sustantivo]

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

compuesto

compuesto

Ex: The chemical bond in a compound holds the atoms together tightly. 

El enlace químico en un compuesto mantiene los átomos unidos firmemente.

to hydrate
to hydrate
[Verbo]

(chemistry) to combine and form a compound with water molecules

hidratar

hidratar

Ex: Sodium carbonate, when heated, loses water molecules to become anhydrous, but it readily hydrates when exposed to moisture in the air. 

El carbonato de sodio, cuando se calienta, pierde moléculas de agua para volverse anhidro, pero se hidrata fácilmente cuando se expone a la humedad del aire.

mixture
mixture
[Sustantivo]

(chemistry) a combination of two or more substances without forming a chemical bond or any chemical reaction

mezcla

mezcla

Ex: Trail mix is a heterogeneous mixture of nuts, raisins, and chocolate. 

La mezcla de frutos secos es un mezcla heterogénea de nueces, pasas y chocolate.

to adsorb
to adsorb
[Verbo]

to take in a liquid, gas, or other substance from the surface chemically or physically

adsorber

adsorber

balanced
balanced
[Adjetivo]

evenly distributed or in a state of stability

equilibrado

equilibrado

Ex: He struck a balanced approach between work and personal life. 

Adoptó un enfoque equilibrado entre el trabajo y la vida personal.

to behave
to behave
[Verbo]

(chemistry) to react in a particular way because of the laws

reaccionar

reaccionar

Ex: The catalyst behaves as expected, speeding up the reaction without being consumed. 

El catalizador se comporta como se esperaba, acelerando la reacción sin ser consumido.

bond
bond
[Sustantivo]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

enlace

enlace

Ex: Metallic bonds are characterized by the delocalization of electrons within a metal lattice, allowing for high electrical conductivity. 

Los enlaces metálicos se caracterizan por la deslocalización de electrones dentro de una red metálica, lo que permite una alta conductividad eléctrica.

to catalyze

to increase the rate of a chemical reaction

catalizar

catalizar

Ex: Platinum is known to catalyze the oxidation of hydrogen gas in fuel cells. 

Se sabe que el platino cataliza la oxidación del gas hidrógeno en las celdas de combustible.

chain reaction
chain reaction
[Sustantivo]

a chemical or nuclear process that is self-sustained and its products cause other processes of the same kind

reacción en cadena

reacción en cadena

chemical reaction
chemical reaction
[Sustantivo]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

reacción química

reacción química

to dehydrate

(chemistry) to lose water molecules during a chemical reaction

deshidratarse

deshidratarse

Ex: During the synthesis of alcohols, the alkene molecule reacts with water to add an -OH group, while simultaneously dehydrating to form an alcohol product. 

Durante la síntesis de alcoholes, la molécula de alqueno reacciona con el agua para añadir un grupo -OH, mientras se deshidrata simultáneamente para formar un producto de alcohol.

to distill
to distill
[Verbo]

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

destilar

destilar

Ex: During the workshop, they distilled fragrant oils from fresh flowers. 

Durante el taller, destilaron aceites fragantes de flores frescas.

equation
equation
[Sustantivo]

a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction showing reactants and products

ecuación

ecuación

Ex: Balancing a chemical equation ensures conservation of mass. 

Equilibrar una ecuación química asegura la conservación de la masa.

formula
formula
[Sustantivo]

a symbolic representation of a chemical substance using its constituent elements

fórmula

fórmula

Ex: Chemists write the formula to show elemental composition. 

Los químicos escriben la fórmula para mostrar la composición elemental.

to precipitate

(chemistry) to become separated from the solvent in a solid form

precipitar

precipitar

Ex: The experiment involved mixing two solutions to observe whether a solid would precipitate out of the reaction. 

El experimento consistió en mezclar dos soluciones para observar si un sólido se precipitaría fuera de la reacción.

preservation
preservation
[Sustantivo]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

preservación

preservación

reaction
reaction
[Sustantivo]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

reacción

reacción

Ex: Photosynthesis is a key reaction converting CO₂ and water into glucose. 

La reacción de la fotosíntesis es un proceso clave que convierte el CO₂ y el agua en glucosa.

aluminum
aluminum
[Sustantivo]

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

aluminio

aluminio

Ex: The soda cans are made from recycled aluminum, which helps reduce environmental waste. 

Las latas de refresco están hechas de aluminio reciclado, lo que ayuda a reducir los residuos ambientales.

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