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Slovní Zásoba pro IELTS (Akademická) - Chemie

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o chemii, jako je "arsen", "katalyzátor", "destilovat" atd., Která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
arsenic
arsenic
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a poisonous white powder used in making glass, pesticides, and weed killers

arsen,  arzenik

arsen, arzenik

Ex: The lab detected traces of arsenic in the old pesticide containers. 
calcium
calcium
[Podstatné jméno]

a chemical element, symbol Ca, that is essential for healthy bones and teeth and occurs naturally in many foods and minerals

Ex: Some people take calcium supplements when their diet does not provide enough. 
carbon
carbon
[Podstatné jméno]

a chemical element present in all living things and in substances such as coal, graphite, and diamond

uhlík,  uhlík

uhlík, uhlík

Ex: Scientists measured the amount of carbon in the ancient remains. 
copper
copper
[Podstatné jméno]

a reddish-brown metallic chemical element that conducts heat and electricity well and is widely used in electrical wiring and alloys

měď,  červená měď

měď, červená měď

Ex: The pipes were made from copper. 
helium
helium
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a very light, colorless, inert gas that is the hardest gas to liquefy and is found in natural gas deposits

helium,  helium

helium, helium

Ex: Unlike hydrogen, helium is nonflammable, making it safer for airships. 
gold
gold
[Podstatné jméno]

a valuable yellow-colored metal that is used for making jewelry

zlato

zlato

Ex: She wore a necklace adorned with a pendant made of gold. 
iron
iron
[Podstatné jméno]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

železo, kov

železo, kov

Ex: Iron is commonly used in construction to make buildings and bridges. 
lead
lead
[Podstatné jméno]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

olovo, těžký kov

olovo, těžký kov

Ex: The plumber replaced the corroded lead pipes with modern alternatives to ensure the safety of the drinking water supply. 
acid
acid
[Podstatné jméno]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

kyselina, kyselá látka

kyselina, kyselá látka

Ex: The lemon juice contains citric acid, which gives it a sour taste and a pH of around 2. 
catalyst
catalyst
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalyzátor, aktivátor

katalyzátor, aktivátor

Ex: Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that allow complex metabolic reactions to proceed efficiently in living cells. 

Enzymy jsou přirozeně se vyskytující biologické katalyzátory, které umožňují složitým metabolickým reakcím účinně probíhat v živých buňkách.

chemical
chemical
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a substance used in or produced by a reaction that changes atoms or molecules

chemikálie

chemikálie

Ex: The lab stored many dangerous chemicals in a locked cabinet. 
element
element
[Podstatné jméno]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

prvek, složka

prvek, složka

Ex: Oxygen is an essential element for human respiration. 
compound
compound
[Podstatné jméno]

a pure substance formed from two or more chemical elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions

sloučenina

sloučenina

Ex: Each compound has a characteristic chemical composition. 
to hydrate
to hydrate
[sloveso]

(chemistry) to combine and form a compound with water molecules

hydratovat, kombinovat s molekulami vody

hydratovat, kombinovat s molekulami vody

Ex: The process of rusting occurs when iron metal hydrates by reacting with oxygen and water vapor in the air. 

Proces rezivění nastává, když železný kov hydratuje reakcí s kyslíkem a vodní párou ve vzduchu.

mixture
mixture
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a combination of two or more substances without forming a chemical bond or any chemical reaction

směs

směs

Ex: Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and trace gases. 
to adsorb
to adsorb
[sloveso]

to take in a liquid, gas, or other substance from the surface chemically or physically

adsorbovat, vázat adsorpcí

adsorbovat, vázat adsorpcí

balanced
balanced
[Přídavné jméno]

evenly distributed or in a state of stability

vyvážený, stabilní

vyvážený, stabilní

Ex: The therapist helped her achieve a balanced emotional state through mindfulness techniques. 

Terapeut jí pomohl dosáhnout vyváženého emocionálního stavu pomocí technik mindfulness.

to behave
to behave
[sloveso]

(chemistry) to react in a particular way because of the laws

chovat se, reagovat

chovat se, reagovat

Ex: The compound behaves differently when exposed to high temperatures, following the laws of thermodynamics. 
bond
bond
[Podstatné jméno]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

vazba, spojení

vazba, spojení

Ex: The covalent bond between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms forms a water molecule. 
to catalyze
to catalyze
[sloveso]

to increase the rate of a chemical reaction

katalyzovat

katalyzovat

Ex: Certain metals, such as palladium and nickel, can catalyze hydrogenation reactions in organic synthesis. 

Některé kovy, jako je palladium a nikl, mohou katalyzovat hydrogenační reakce v organické syntéze.

chain reaction
chain reaction
[Podstatné jméno]

a chemical or nuclear process that is self-sustained and its products cause other processes of the same kind

řetězová reakce

řetězová reakce

chemical reaction
chemical reaction
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

chemická reakce

chemická reakce

to dehydrate
to dehydrate
[sloveso]

(chemistry) to lose water molecules during a chemical reaction

dehydratovat, ztratit molekuly vody

dehydratovat, ztratit molekuly vody

Ex: When heated, copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate undergoes a chemical reaction to dehydrate. 

Při zahřátí podléhá pentahydrát síranu měďnatého chemické reakci, aby se dehydratoval.

to distill
to distill
[sloveso]

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

destilovat, čistit destilací

destilovat, čistit destilací

Ex: The plan is to distill rainwater for a clean water source. 

Plánem je destilovat dešťovou vodu pro čistý zdroj vody.

equation
equation
[Podstatné jméno]

a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction showing reactants and products

chemická rovnice, rovnice reakce

chemická rovnice, rovnice reakce

Ex: The teacher wrote the combustion equation on the board. 
formula
formula
[Podstatné jméno]

a symbolic representation of a chemical substance using its constituent elements

chemický vzorec, vzorec

chemický vzorec, vzorec

Ex: H₂O is the chemical formula for water. 
to precipitate

(chemistry) to become separated from the solvent in a solid form

srážet se

srážet se

Ex: Upon cooling the saturated sugar solution, crystals began to precipitate at the bottom of the container. 

Při ochlazení nasyceného roztoku cukru začaly krystaly srážet se na dně nádoby.

preservation
preservation
[Podstatné jméno]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

uchování, konzervace

uchování, konzervace

reaction
reaction
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

reakce

reakce

Ex: The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen produces water. 
aluminum
aluminum
[Podstatné jméno]

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

hliník, hliník

hliník, hliník

Ex: The bicycle frame is made from aluminum, making it easier to carry and maneuver compared to traditional steel frames. 

Rám kola je vyroben z hliníku, což usnadňuje jeho přenášení a ovládání ve srovnání s tradičními ocelovými rámy.

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