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Vocabulaire pour IELTS (Académique) - Chimie

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la chimie, tels que "arsenic", "catalyseur", "distiller", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
arsenic
arsenic
[nom]

a poisonous chemical element with properties of both metals and nonmetals that is grey in color, used in industry or as a pesticide

arsenic

arsenic

Ex: The glassmaker added arsenic to remove bubbles from the molten mixture. 
calcium
calcium
[nom]

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

calcium

calcium

Ex: Your body needs vitamin D to absorb calcium properly. 
carbon
carbon
[nom]

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

carbone

carbone

Ex: Carbon forms the basis of organic chemistry, being present in all living organisms. 

Le carbone forme la base de la chimie organique, étant présent dans tous les organismes vivants.

copper
copper
[nom]

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

cuivre

cuivre

Ex: The Statue of Liberty is famous for its green color, which is due to the natural patina formed on its copper surface over time. 

La Statue de la Liberté est célèbre pour sa couleur verte, qui est due à la patine naturelle formée sur sa surface en cuivre au fil du temps.

helium
helium
[nom]

a chemical element that is a colorless noble gas which is lighter than air

hélium

hélium

Ex: The scientist cooled helium to near absolute zero to study its superfluid properties. 
gold
gold
[nom]

a valuable yellow-colored metal that is used for making jewelry

or

or

Ex: The wedding rings were crafted from pure gold. 

Les alliances étaient fabriquées en or pur.

iron
iron
[nom]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

fer

fer

Ex: The bridge was constructed using strong iron beams. 

Le pont a été construit en utilisant des poutres en fer solides.

lead
lead
[nom]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

plomb

plomb

Ex: The old building's roof was made of lead sheets, a durable material that provided excellent protection against the elements. 

Le toit du vieux bâtiment était fait de feuilles de plomb, un matériau durable qui offrait une excellente protection contre les intempéries.

acid
acid
[nom]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

acide

acide

Ex: Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid found in stomach fluid that aids in digestion. 

L'acide chlorhydrique est un acide fort présent dans le liquide gastrique qui aide à la digestion.

catalyst

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

catalyseur

catalyseur

Ex: Platinum nanoparticles acted as an effective catalyst for the reaction, significantly lowering the activation energy needed. 

Les nanoparticules de platine ont agi comme un catalyseur efficace pour la réaction, abaissant considérablement l'énergie d'activation nécessaire.

chemical

a substance or compound produced or used in a process involving chemistry

produit chimique

produit chimique

Ex: Water is a chemical made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. 
element
element
[nom]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

élément

élément

Ex: Gold is a precious metal and chemical element with the symbol Au. 

L'or est un métal précieux et un élément chimique avec le symbole Au.

compound

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

composé

composé

Ex: Compounds can have different properties than the elements they contain. 

Les composés peuvent avoir des propriétés différentes de celles des éléments qu'ils contiennent.

to hydrate
to hydrate
[verbe]

(chemistry) to combine and form a compound with water molecules

hydrater

hydrater

Ex: Gypsum, a mineral composed of calcium sulfate, hydrates when mixed with water to form hydrated calcium sulfate. 

Le gypse, un minéral composé de sulfate de calcium, s'hydrate lorsqu'il est mélangé avec de l'eau pour former du sulfate de calcium hydraté.

mixture
mixture
[nom]

(chemistry) a combination of two or more substances without forming a chemical bond or any chemical reaction

mélange

mélange

Ex: Salt dissolved in water forms a homogeneous mixture called a solution. 

Le sel dissous dans l'eau forme un mélange homogène appelé solution.

to adsorb
to adsorb
[verbe]

to take in a liquid, gas, or other substance from the surface chemically or physically

adsorber

adsorber

balanced
balanced
[Adjectif]

evenly distributed or in a state of stability

équilibré

équilibré

Ex: The balanced budget allocated funds evenly across various departments. 

Le budget équilibré a alloué des fonds de manière égale à travers divers départements.

to behave
to behave
[verbe]

(chemistry) to react in a particular way because of the laws

réagir

réagir

Ex: Certain chemicals behave predictably in acidic environments due to their molecular structure. 

Certains produits chimiques se comportent de manière prévisible dans les environnements acides en raison de leur structure moléculaire.

bond
bond
[nom]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

liaison

liaison

Ex: Ionic bonds are formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the attraction between oppositely charged ions. 

Les liaisons ioniques se forment lorsque des électrons sont transférés d'un atome à un autre, ce qui entraîne une attraction entre des ions de charges opposées.

to catalyze

to increase the rate of a chemical reaction

catalyser

catalyser

Ex: The addition of a small amount of acid can catalyze the hydrolysis of certain compounds. 

L'ajout d'une petite quantité d'acide peut catalyser l'hydrolyse de certains composés.

chain reaction

a chemical or nuclear process that is self-sustained and its products cause other processes of the same kind

réaction en chaîne

réaction en chaîne

chemical reaction

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

réaction chimique

réaction chimique

to dehydrate

(chemistry) to lose water molecules during a chemical reaction

se déshydrater

se déshydrater

Ex: When excess water is removed, cement can dehydrate, leading to a loss of strength and durability. 

Lorsque l'excès d'eau est éliminé, le ciment peut se déshydrater, ce qui entraîne une perte de résistance et de durabilité.

to distill
to distill
[verbe]

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

distiller

distiller

Ex: The essential oils have been distilled from various aromatic plants. 

Les huiles essentielles ont été distillées à partir de diverses plantes aromatiques.

equation

a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction showing reactants and products

équation

équation

Ex: Water formation can be expressed by the equation 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O. 

La formation de l'eau peut être exprimée par l'équation 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.

formula
formula
[nom]

a symbolic representation of a chemical substance using its constituent elements

formule

formule

Ex: The formula C₆H₁₂O₆ represents glucose. 

La formule C₆H₁₂O₆ représente le glucose.

to precipitate

(chemistry) to become separated from the solvent in a solid form

précipiter

précipiter

Ex: As the temperature dropped, the dissolved minerals in the water started to precipitate, forming deposits on the surface of the pipes. 

Alors que la température baissait, les minéraux dissous dans l'eau ont commencé à précipiter, formant des dépôts à la surface des tuyaux.

preservation

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

préservation

préservation

reaction

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

réaction

réaction

Ex: A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed. 

Un catalyseur accélère une réaction chimique sans être consommé.

aluminum

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

aluminum

aluminum

Ex: Engineers prefer aluminum for aircraft construction due to its excellent strength-to-weight ratio. 

Les ingénieurs préfèrent l'aluminium pour la construction d'aéronefs en raison de son excellent rapport résistance/poids.

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