雅思词汇（学术） - Chemistry

在这里，你将学习一些关于化学的英语单词，如“砷”、“催化剂”、“蒸馏”等，这些都是雅思考试所需要的。

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开始学习

arsenic

[名词]

a poisonous chemical element with properties of both metals and nonmetals that is grey in color, used in industry or as a pesticide

砷, 有毒的化学元素

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calcium

[名词]

a soft silver-white metal that is an important element in bones and teeth

钙

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carbon

[名词]

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

碳, 炭

Ex: Activated carbon is widely used in filtration systems to remove impurities.活性**碳**被广泛用于过滤系统中以去除杂质。

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copper

[名词]

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

铜, 红色金属

Ex: In telecommunications , copper cables are still widely used for transmitting data over short distances .在电信领域，**铜**缆仍被广泛用于短距离数据传输。

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helium

[名词]

a chemical element that is a colorless noble gas which is lighter than air

氦

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gold

[名词]

a valuable yellow-colored metal that is used for making jewelry

黄金

Ex: The Olympic medals are traditionally made of gold, silver , and bronze .奥运奖牌传统上由**金**、银和铜制成。

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iron

[名词]

a metallic chemical element with a silvery-gray appearance, widely used for making tools, steel, buildings, and various industrial products

铁, 金属

Ex: Children need sufficient iron for proper growth and development .儿童需要足够的**铁**来保证正常的成长和发育。

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lead

[名词]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

铅, 重金属

Ex: The plumber replaced the corroded lead pipes with modern alternatives to ensure the safety of the drinking water supply .水管工更换了腐蚀的**铅**管，采用现代替代品以确保饮用水供应的安全。

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acid

[名词]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

酸, 酸性物质

Ex: When dissolved in water, carbonic acid forms from carbon dioxide, contributing to the acidity of rainwater.当溶于水时，二氧化碳形成**酸**，增加了雨水的酸度。

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catalyst

[名词]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

催化剂, 活化剂

Ex: In the Haber process , iron is used as a catalyst to promote the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases .在哈伯法中，铁被用作**催化剂**以促进从氮气和氢气合成氨。

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chemical

[名词]

a substance or compound produced or used in a process involving chemistry

化学物质

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element

[名词]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

元素, 成分

Ex: Carbon is a versatile element found in all living organisms and many non-living materials .碳是一种多功能的**元素**，存在于所有生物体和许多非生物材料中。

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compound

[名词]

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

化合物, 混合物

Ex: Many compounds are essential for life , like carbohydrates and proteins .许多**化合物**对生命至关重要，如碳水化合物和蛋白质。

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to hydrate

[动词]

(chemistry) to combine and form a compound with water molecules

水合, 与水分子结合

Ex: The process of rusting occurs when iron metal hydrates by reacting with oxygen and water vapor in the air.生锈的过程发生在铁金属通过与空气中的氧气和水蒸气反应而**水合**时。

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mixture

[名词]

(chemistry) a combination of two or more substances without forming a chemical bond or any chemical reaction

混合物

Ex: Alloys like brass are solid mixtures of copper and zinc .像黄铜这样的合金是铜和锌的固体**混合物**。

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to adsorb

[动词]

to take in a liquid, gas, or other substance from the surface chemically or physically

吸附, 吸收

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balanced

[形容词]

evenly distributed or in a state of stability

平衡的, 稳定的

Ex: The therapist helped her achieve a balanced emotional state through mindfulness techniques .治疗师通过正念技巧帮助她达到了情绪**平衡**的状态。

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to behave

[动词]

(chemistry) to react in a particular way because of the laws

表现, 反应

Ex: The substance behaves inertly under normal conditions , showing no significant reaction .该物质在正常条件下**表现**惰性，没有显示出明显的反应。

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bond

[名词]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

键, 联系

Ex: Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in the structure of DNA, contributing to its stability and the specificity of base pairing.氢**键**在DNA的结构中起着至关重要的作用，有助于其稳定性和碱基配对的特异性。

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to catalyze

[动词]

to increase the rate of a chemical reaction

催化

Ex: Certain metals , such as palladium and nickel , can catalyze hydrogenation reactions in organic synthesis .某些金属，如钯和镍，可以在有机合成中**催化**氢化反应。

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chain reaction

[名词]

a chemical or nuclear process that is self-sustained and its products cause other processes of the same kind

连锁反应

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chemical reaction

[名词]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

化学反应

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to dehydrate

[动词]

(chemistry) to lose water molecules during a chemical reaction

脱水, 失去水分子

Ex: During the synthesis of alcohols , the alkene molecule reacts with water to add an -OH group , while simultaneously dehydrating to form an alcohol product .在醇的合成过程中，烯烃分子与水反应添加一个-OH基团，同时**脱水**形成醇产物。

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to distill

[动词]

to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it

蒸馏, 通过蒸馏净化

Ex: The plan is to distill rainwater for a clean water source .计划是**蒸馏**雨水以获得清洁的水源。

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equation

[名词]

(chemistry) a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction that consists of the reactants and products

方程

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formula

[名词]

a set of conventional symbols that convey a fundumantal principle

公式, 配方

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to precipitate

[动词]

(chemistry) to become separated from the solvent in a solid form

沉淀

Ex: The cooling process in the volcanic vent allowed minerals to precipitate, creating stunning stalactites and stalagmites .火山喷口处的冷却过程使矿物质能够**沉淀**，形成了令人惊叹的钟乳石和石笋。

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preservation

[名词]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

保存, 保护

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reaction

[名词]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

反应

Ex: Balancing equations ensures mass conservation in a reaction.平衡方程确保**反应**中的质量守恒。

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aluminum

[名词]

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

铝, 铝

Ex: The bicycle frame is made from aluminum, making it easier to carry and maneuver compared to traditional steel frames .自行车车架由**铝**制成，与传统钢架相比更易于携带和操控。

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雅思词汇（学术）

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雅思词汇（学术） - Chemistry