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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa GRE - Ikaw ang Magkalkula!

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa matematika, tulad ng "axis", "congruent", "matrix", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
arithmetic
arithmetic
[Pangngalan]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

aritmetika

aritmetika

Ex: Students in elementary school learn basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. 

Ang mga estudyante sa elementarya ay natututo ng mga pangunahing operasyong arithmetic tulad ng pagdaragdag, pagbabawas, pagpaparami, at paghahati.

asymmetry
asymmetry
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

asimetriya

asimetriya

Ex: In geometry, asymmetry means the two sides are not identical. 

Sa geometrya, asymmetry ay nangangahulugang ang dalawang panig ay hindi magkapareho.

axis
axis
[Pangngalan]

the central point or line around which an object turns

aksis, pibot

aksis, pibot

Ex: The Earth spins on its axis once every twenty-four hours. 

Ang Daigdig ay umiikot sa kanyang aksis isang beses bawat dalawampu't apat na oras.

calculus
calculus
[Pangngalan]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

kalkulo, pagsusuri

kalkulo, pagsusuri

Ex: Calculus is used to find the area under a curve. 

Ang calculus ay ginagamit upang mahanap ang area sa ilalim ng isang curve.

chaos theory
chaos theory
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) an interdisciplinary theory about complex systems that obey particular laws but appear to have little or no order

teorya ng kaguluhan, ang teorya ng kaguluhan

teorya ng kaguluhan, ang teorya ng kaguluhan

Ex: Chaos theory explains how small changes can lead to huge differences in complex systems. 

Ang teorya ng kaguluhan ay nagpapaliwanag kung paano ang maliliit na pagbabago ay maaaring humantong sa malalaking pagkakaiba sa mga kumplikadong sistema.

congruent
congruent
[pang-uri]

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

magkatugma, magkapareho

magkatugma, magkapareho

Ex: If you fold the paper along the crease, the two halves are congruent. 

Kung tiklupin mo ang papel sa kahabaan ng tupi, ang dalawang kalahati ay magkatugma.

decimal
decimal
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

desimal, bilang na desimal

desimal, bilang na desimal

Ex: In mathematics, decimals are a way to represent fractions or portions of a whole using a decimal point. 

Sa matematika, ang desimal ay isang paraan upang kumatawan ng mga praksyon o bahagi ng isang buo gamit ang isang decimal point.

game theory
game theory
[Pangngalan]

a branch of mathematics that studies the strategies of dealing with competitive situations involving conflict of interests, especially in business, war, etc.

teorya ng laro, teorya ng mga laro

teorya ng laro, teorya ng mga laro

Ex: Game theory helps businesses decide on the best pricing strategies. 

Ang game theory ay tumutulong sa mga negosyo na magpasya sa pinakamahusay na mga estratehiya sa pagpepresyo.

matrix
matrix
[Pangngalan]

a rectangular array of numbers or symbols organized in rows and columns, commonly used in linear algebra for representing equations, transformations, and vector operations

matris, talahanayan

matris, talahanayan

Ex: A 2x3 matrix represents a collection of numbers organized in two rows and three columns. 

Ang isang 2x3 na matrix ay kumakatawan sa isang koleksyon ng mga numerong nakaayos sa dalawang hanay at tatlong kolum.

trigonometry
trigonometry
[Pangngalan]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the angles and sides of triangles

trigonometriya, ang trigonometriya

trigonometriya, ang trigonometriya

Ex: In trigonometry, the sine function (sin) relates the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle. 

Sa trigonometriya, ang sine function (sin) ay nag-uugnay sa ratio ng haba ng kabilang panig sa hypotenuse sa isang right-angled triangle.

radius
radius
[Pangngalan]

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

radius, kalahating diameter

radius, kalahating diameter

Ex: The radius of a circle is half the length of its diameter, extending from the center to any point on the circumference. 

Ang radius ng isang bilog ay kalahati ng haba ng diameter nito, na umaabot mula sa gitna hanggang sa anumang punto sa circumference.

parabola
parabola
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

parabola, parabolikong kurba

parabola, parabolikong kurba

Ex: The path of a thrown ball forms a parabola. 

Ang landas ng isang inihagis na bola ay bumubuo ng isang parabola.

gradient
gradient
[Pangngalan]

the rate at which a quantity or dimension changes over a given distance or interval

gradient, dalisdis

gradient, dalisdis

Ex: The gradient of the river’s flow affects its speed. 

Ang gradient ng daloy ng ilog ay nakakaapekto sa bilis nito.

equation
equation
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

ekwasyon

ekwasyon

Ex: In algebra, solving equations involves finding the values of variables that satisfy the equality stated. 

Sa algebra, ang paglutas ng equation ay nagsasangkot ng paghahanap ng mga halaga ng mga variable na nagbibigay-kasiyahan sa pagkakapantay na nakasaad.

circumference
circumference
[Pangngalan]

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

sirkumperensya

sirkumperensya

Ex: The formula for finding the circumference of a sphere involves multiplying the diameter by π (pi). 

Ang pormula para sa paghahanap ng circumference ng isang sphere ay nagsasangkot ng pag-multiply ng diameter sa π (pi).

mean
mean
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

mean, arithmetic mean

mean, arithmetic mean

Ex: To find the mean of 4, 6, and 8, add them together and divide by 3. 

Upang mahanap ang mean ng 4, 6, at 8, pagsama-samahin ang mga ito at hatiin sa 3.

diameter
diameter
[Pangngalan]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

diyametro, diameter

diyametro, diameter

Ex: The diameter of a circle is the longest distance between any two points on its circumference, passing through the center. 

Ang diameter ng isang bilog ay ang pinakamahabang distansya sa pagitan ng alinmang dalawang punto sa paligid nito, na dumadaan sa gitna.

coaxial
coaxial
[pang-uri]

related to a configuration where two or more components share a common axis or same center point

koaksyal, magkasanib na aksis

koaksyal, magkasanib na aksis

Ex: The machine parts are aligned in a coaxial arrangement. 

Ang mga bahagi ng makina ay nakahanay sa isang coaxial na kaayusan.

chronograph
chronograph
[Pangngalan]

a device used to measure and record precise time intervals

kronograpo, pangsukat ng oras

kronograpo, pangsukat ng oras

Ex: He used the chronograph to time his running laps. 

Ginamit niya ang chronograph para itimer ang kanyang pagtakbo.

to overhaul
to overhaul
[Pandiwa]

to examine, repair, and make significant improvements or changes to something

suriin, ayusin at pagbutihin

suriin, ayusin at pagbutihin

Ex: The company decided to overhaul its outdated website, introducing a new design and features. 

Nagpasya ang kumpanya na ayusin ang luma nitong website, na nagpapakilala ng bagong disenyo at mga tampok.

ohmmeter
ohmmeter
[Pangngalan]

a device used for measuring electrical resistance in a circuit, stated in ohms

ohmmeter, aparato sa pagsukat ng resistensya

ohmmeter, aparato sa pagsukat ng resistensya

Ex: He used an ohmmeter to check the resistance of the circuit. 

Gumamit siya ng ohmmeter upang suriin ang resistensya ng circuit.

microchip
microchip
[Pangngalan]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

microchip, chip

microchip, chip

Ex: The computer’s performance improved after upgrading its microchip. 

Ang performance ng computer ay bumuti pagkatapos i-upgrade ang microchip nito.

lever
lever
[Pangngalan]

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

liyabe, bareta

liyabe, bareta

Ex: He used a lever to lift the heavy rock from the ground. 

Gumamit siya ng lever para buhatin ang mabigat na bato mula sa lupa.

insulator
insulator
[Pangngalan]

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

insula, pang-insulate

insula, pang-insulate

Ex: The walls were lined with an insulator to keep the room warm. 

Ang mga pader ay may lining ng insulator upang panatilihing mainit ang silid.

crank
crank
[Pangngalan]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

pihitan, ehe ng pihitan

pihitan, ehe ng pihitan

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 

Ginamit ng engineer ang isang crank upang manu-manong i-adjust ang taas ng lifting mechanism.

cardinal
cardinal
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the number of elements or members in a set, representing its size or quantity

kardinal, bilang na kardinal

kardinal, bilang na kardinal

Ex: The cardinal of the set {1, 2, 3} is 3. 

Ang kardinal ng set {1, 2, 3} ay 3.

to cube
to cube
[Pandiwa]

to multiply a value or number by itself two times

i-cube, itataas sa cube

i-cube, itataas sa cube

Ex: To cube 4, you calculate 4 × 4 × 4 = 64. 

Para i-cube ang 4, kinakalkula mo ang 4 × 4 × 4 = 64.

differential calculus

a branch of mathematics that focuses on studying rates of change and instantaneous variations through the concept of derivatives

differential calculus

differential calculus

Ex: Differential calculus helps us find how quickly something changes. 

Ang differential calculus ay tumutulong sa amin na malaman kung gaano kabilis nagbabago ang isang bagay.

logarithm
logarithm
[Pangngalan]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

logarithm

logarithm

Ex: In the logarithm log₂(8) = 3, the base 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8. 

Sa logarithm log₂(8) = 3, ang base 2 na itinaas sa kapangyarihan ng 3 ay katumbas ng 8.

ordinal
ordinal
[Pangngalan]

a number that indicates the position of something in a sequence, such as third, second, etc.

ordinal, bilang ordinal

ordinal, bilang ordinal

Ex: In a race, the runner who finishes in first place is said to be the winner of the first ordinal. 

Sa isang karera, ang runner na nagtatapos sa unang lugar ay sinasabing nagwagi ng unang ordinal.

power
power
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the exponent in an expression, indicating how many times a base is multiplied by itself

kapangyarihan

kapangyarihan

Ex: In the expression 3^4, the power is 4. 

Sa ekspresyong 3^4, ang power ay 4.

spectrum
spectrum
[Pangngalan]

the range of different wavelengths or frequencies of light or radiation

espektrum, saklaw

espektrum, saklaw

Ex: The scientist studied the spectrum of visible light emitted by the star. 

Pinag-aralan ng siyentipiko ang spectrum ng nakikitang liwanag na ibinubuga ng bituin.

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