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Vocabular Esențial pentru GRE - Tu Fă Calculele!

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre matematică, cum ar fi "axă", "congruent", "matrice" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
arithmetic
arithmetic
[substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

aritmetică

aritmetică

Ex: Students in elementary school learn basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. 
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asymmetry
asymmetry
[substantiv]

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

asimetrie

asimetrie

Ex: In geometry, asymmetry means the two sides are not identical. 
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axis
axis
[substantiv]

the central point or line around which an object turns

ax, pivot

ax, pivot

Ex: The Earth spins on its axis once every twenty-four hours. 
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calculus
calculus
[substantiv]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

calcul, analiză

calcul, analiză

Ex: Calculus is used to find the area under a curve. 
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chaos theory
chaos theory
[substantiv]

(mathematics) an interdisciplinary theory about complex systems that obey particular laws but appear to have little or no order

teoria haosului, teoria dezordinii

teoria haosului, teoria dezordinii

Ex: Chaos theory explains how small changes can lead to huge differences in complex systems. 
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congruent
congruent
[adjectiv]

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

congruent, suprapus

congruent, suprapus

Ex: If you fold the paper along the crease, the two halves are congruent. 
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decimal
decimal
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

zecimal, număr zecimal

zecimal, număr zecimal

Ex: In mathematics, decimals are a way to represent fractions or portions of a whole using a decimal point. 
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game theory
game theory
[substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that studies the strategies of dealing with competitive situations involving conflict of interests, especially in business, war, etc.

teoria jocurilor, teoria jocului

teoria jocurilor, teoria jocului

Ex: Game theory helps businesses decide on the best pricing strategies. 
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matrix
matrix
[substantiv]

a rectangular array of numbers or symbols organized in rows and columns, commonly used in linear algebra for representing equations, transformations, and vector operations

matrice, tabel

matrice, tabel

Ex: A 2x3 matrix represents a collection of numbers organized in two rows and three columns. 
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trigonometry
trigonometry
[substantiv]

a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the angles and sides of triangles

trigonometrie, trigonometria

trigonometrie, trigonometria

Ex: In trigonometry, the sine function (sin) relates the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle. 
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radius
radius
[substantiv]

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

rază, semidiametru

rază, semidiametru

Ex: The radius of a circle is half the length of its diameter, extending from the center to any point on the circumference. 
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parabola
parabola
[substantiv]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

parabolă, curbă parabolică

parabolă, curbă parabolică

Ex: The path of a thrown ball forms a parabola. 
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gradient
gradient
[substantiv]

the rate at which a quantity or dimension changes over a given distance or interval

gradient, pantă

gradient, pantă

Ex: The gradient of the river’s flow affects its speed. 
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equation
equation
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

ecuație

ecuație

Ex: In algebra, solving equations involves finding the values of variables that satisfy the equality stated. 
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circumference
circumference
[substantiv]

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

circumferință

circumferință

Ex: The formula for finding the circumference of a sphere involves multiplying the diameter by π (pi). 
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mean
mean
[substantiv]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

medie, medie aritmetică

medie, medie aritmetică

Ex: To find the mean of 4, 6, and 8, add them together and divide by 3. 
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diameter
diameter
[substantiv]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

diametru, diametru

diametru, diametru

Ex: The diameter of a circle is the longest distance between any two points on its circumference, passing through the center. 
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coaxial
coaxial
[adjectiv]

related to a configuration where two or more components share a common axis or same center point

coaxial, coaxială

coaxial, coaxială

Ex: The machine parts are aligned in a coaxial arrangement. 
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chronograph
chronograph
[substantiv]

a device used to measure and record precise time intervals

cronograf, măsurător de timp

cronograf, măsurător de timp

Ex: He used the chronograph to time his running laps. 
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to overhaul

to examine, repair, and make significant improvements or changes to something

revizui, recondiționa

revizui, recondiționa

Ex: The company decided to overhaul its outdated website, introducing a new design and features. 
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ohmmeter
ohmmeter
[substantiv]

a device used for measuring electrical resistance in a circuit, stated in ohms

ohmmetru, aparat de măsurat rezistența

ohmmetru, aparat de măsurat rezistența

Ex: He used an ohmmeter to check the resistance of the circuit. 
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microchip
microchip
[substantiv]

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

microcip, cip

microcip, cip

Ex: The computer’s performance improved after upgrading its microchip. 
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lever
lever
[substantiv]

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

pârghie, pied de cabra

pârghie, pied de cabra

Ex: He used a lever to lift the heavy rock from the ground. 
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insulator
insulator
[substantiv]

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

izolator, izolant

izolator, izolant

Ex: The walls were lined with an insulator to keep the room warm. 
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crank
crank
[substantiv]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

manivelă, arbore cotit

manivelă, arbore cotit

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 
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cardinal
cardinal
[substantiv]

(mathematics) the number of elements or members in a set, representing its size or quantity

cardinal, număr cardinal

cardinal, număr cardinal

Ex: The cardinal of the set {1, 2, 3} is 3. 
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to cube
to cube
[verb]

to multiply a value or number by itself two times

a ridica la cub, a cuba

a ridica la cub, a cuba

Ex: Cubing 2 gives you 2 × 2 × 2 = 8. 
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differential calculus

a branch of mathematics that focuses on studying rates of change and instantaneous variations through the concept of derivatives

calcul diferențial

calcul diferențial

Ex: Differential calculus helps us find how quickly something changes. 
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logarithm
logarithm
[substantiv]

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

logaritm

logaritm

Ex: In the logarithm log₂(8) = 3, the base 2 raised to the power of 3 equals 8. 
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ordinal
ordinal
[substantiv]

a number that indicates the position of something in a sequence, such as third, second, etc.

numeral ordinal, număr ordinal

numeral ordinal, număr ordinal

Ex: In a race, the runner who finishes in first place is said to be the winner of the first ordinal. 
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power
power
[substantiv]

(mathematics) the exponent in an expression, indicating how many times a base is multiplied by itself

putere

putere

Ex: In the expression 3^4, the power is 4. 
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spectrum
spectrum
[substantiv]

the range of different wavelengths or frequencies of light or radiation

spectru, gamă

spectru, gamă

Ex: The scientist studied the spectrum of visible light emitted by the star. 
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