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GRE のための基本語彙 - あなたは数学をするのです!

ここでは、GRE試験に必要な「軸」「合同」「行列」などの数学に関する英単語を学びます。

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
arithmetic

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

算術, 計算

算術, 計算

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[名詞]
asymmetry

(geometry) a lack of symmetry or equivalence in shape or size between the two sides or parts of something

非対称

非対称

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[名詞]
axis

a real or imaginary line about which an object rotates

軸, 回転軸

軸, 回転軸

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[名詞]
calculus

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

微積分, 微分積分学

微積分, 微分積分学

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[名詞]
chaos theory

(mathematics) an interdisciplinary theory about complex systems that obey particular laws but appear to have little or no order

カオス理論

カオス理論

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[名詞]
congruent

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

合同の, 一致する

合同の, 一致する

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[形容詞]
decimal

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

小数, 小数点以下

小数, 小数点以下

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[名詞]
game theory

a branch of mathematics that studies the strategies of dealing with competitive situations involving conflict of interests, especially in business, war, etc.

ゲーム理論, ゲームの理論

ゲーム理論, ゲームの理論

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[名詞]
matrix

a rectangular array of numbers or symbols organized in rows and columns, commonly used in linear algebra for representing equations, transformations, and vector operations

行列

行列

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[名詞]
trigonometry

a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the angles and sides of triangles

三角法

三角法

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[名詞]
radius

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

半径

半径

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[名詞]
parabola

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

放物線

放物線

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[名詞]
gradient

the rate at which a quantity or dimension changes over a given distance or interval

勾配, グラデーション

勾配, グラデーション

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[名詞]
equation

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

方程式

方程式

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[名詞]
circumference

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

円周

円周

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[名詞]
mean

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

平均(へいきん), 平均値(へいきんち)

平均(へいきん), 平均値(へいきんち)

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[名詞]
diameter

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

直径

直径

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[名詞]
coaxial

related to a configuration where two or more components share a common axis or same center point

同軸の, 同軸の

同軸の, 同軸の

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[形容詞]
chronograph

a device used to measure and record precise time intervals

クロノグラフ

クロノグラフ

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[名詞]
to overhaul

to examine, repair, and make significant improvements or changes to something

見直す, 改善する

見直す, 改善する

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[動詞]
ohmmeter

a device used for measuring electrical resistance in a circuit, stated in ohms

オームメーター

オームメーター

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[名詞]
microchip

a small piece of material that is a semiconductor, used to make an integrated circuit

マイクロチップ, チップ

マイクロチップ, チップ

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[名詞]
lever

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

レバー

レバー

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[名詞]
insulator

a substance that doesn't conduct heat, sound, etc.

絶縁体

絶縁体

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[名詞]
crank

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

クランク, クランク棒

クランク, クランク棒

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[名詞]
cardinal

(mathematics) the number of elements or members in a set, representing its size or quantity

基数, カーディナル

基数, カーディナル

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[名詞]
to cube

to multiply a value or number by itself two times

立方する, 3乗する

立方する, 3乗する

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[動詞]
differential calculus

a branch of mathematics that focuses on studying rates of change and instantaneous variations through the concept of derivatives

微分積分学, 変化の計算

微分積分学, 変化の計算

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[名詞]
logarithm

a mathematical function that represents the exponent to which a fixed number, called the base, must be raised to produce a given number

対数

対数

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[名詞]
ordinal

a number that indicates the position of something in a sequence, such as third, second, etc.

序数, 序数詞

序数, 序数詞

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[名詞]
power

(mathematics) the exponent in an expression, indicating how many times a base is multiplied by itself

指数, べき乗

指数, べき乗

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[名詞]
spectrum

the range of different wavelengths or frequencies of light or radiation

スペクトル, 電磁スペクトル

スペクトル, 電磁スペクトル

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[名詞]
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