pattern

Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas A2 - Mga Pangatnig at Pang-ukol

Dito matututo ka ng ilang pang-ugnay at pang-ukol sa Ingles, tulad ng "for", "since", at "now", inihanda para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas A2.

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CEFR A2 Vocabulary
and
and
[Pang-ugnay]

used to connect two words, phrases, or sentences referring to related things

at

at

Ex: I like to read books and watch movies. 

Gusto kong magbasa ng mga libro at manood ng mga pelikula.

or
or
[Pang-ugnay]

used to connect alternatives or introduce another possibility

o

o

Ex: Do you prefer to read a book or watch a TV show? 

Mas gusto mo bang magbasa ng libro o manood ng palabas sa TV ?

but
but
[Pang-ugnay]

used for introducing a word, phrase, or idea that is different to what has already been said

ngunit, subalit

ngunit, subalit

Ex: She loves to play soccer, but her sister prefers basketball. 

Mahilig siyang maglaro ng soccer, pero mas gusto ng kanyang kapatid na babae ang basketball.

if
if
[Pang-ugnay]

used to say that something happening, existing, etc. depends on another thing happening, existing, etc.

kung

kung

Ex: I will go to the party if I finish my homework on time. 

Pupunta ako sa party kung matatapos ko ang aking homework sa oras.

as
as
[Pang-ugnay]

used to say that something is happening at the same time with another

habang, tulad ng

habang, tulad ng

Ex: As the sun set, the sky turned beautiful shades of orange and pink. 

Habang lumulubog ang araw, ang langit ay nagiging magagandang kulay ng kahel at rosas.

because
because
[Pang-ugnay]

used for introducing the reason of something

dahil, kasi

dahil, kasi

Ex: He got a promotion because he worked hard. 

Nakakuha siya ng promosyon dahil nagtrabaho siya nang mabuti.

so
so
[Pang-ugnay]

used to introduce a consequence or result of the preceding clause

kaya, kaya't

kaya, kaya't

Ex: It was still painful, so I went to see a specialist. 

Masakit pa rin ito, kaya pumunta ako para makipagkita sa isang espesyalista.

since
since
[Pang-ugnay]

used to express a period from a specific past time up to now or another specified point

mula noong, simula noong

mula noong, simula noong

Ex: I've felt better since I've been here. 

Mas maganda ang pakiramdam ko mula nang ako'y narito.

now
now
[Pang-ugnay]

used to indicate a result or outcome related to what has just been said or happened

ngayon na, dahil ngayon

ngayon na, dahil ngayon

Ex: Now that you've finished your work, you can take a break. 

Ngayon na natapos mo na ang iyong trabaho, maaari ka nang magpahinga.

after
after
[Pang-ugnay]

at some point subsequent to when something happens

pagkatapos na, kapag

pagkatapos na, kapag

Ex: After the movie ended, we went out for ice cream. 

Pagkatapos matapos ang pelikula, lumabas kami para kumain ng ice cream.

before
before
[Pang-ugnay]

used to indicate that one event happens earlier than another event in time

bago, bago pa

bago, bago pa

Ex: Don't forget to lock the door before you go out. 

Huwag kalimutang i-lock ang pinto bago ka lumabas.

once
once
[Pang-ugnay]

used to express that something happens at the same time or right after another thing

kapag, pagkatapos

kapag, pagkatapos

Ex: I'll call you once I reach the train station. 

Tatawagan kita pagdating ko sa istasyon ng tren.

although
although
[Pang-ugnay]

used to introduce a contrast to what has just been said

bagaman, kahit na

bagaman, kahit na

Ex: Although it was raining, we still went to the park. 

Bagama umuulan, pumunta pa rin kami sa parke.

though
though
[Pang-ugnay]

used to say something surprising compared to the main idea

kahit na, bagaman

kahit na, bagaman

Ex: Though he didn't study for the exam, he still managed to get an A. 

Bagama't hindi siya nag-aral para sa pagsusulit, nagawa pa rin niyang makakuha ng A.

that
that
[Pang-ugnay]

used to introduce a subordinate clause expressing a statement, thought, or reported speech

na

na

Ex: She said that she was satisfied with the results. 

Sinabi niya na siya ay nasiyahan sa mga resulta.

yet
yet
[Pang-ugnay]

used to add a statement that is surprising compared to what has just been said

gayunpaman,  subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: He had all the required qualifications, yet he didn't get the job. 

Mayroon siyang lahat ng kinakailangang kwalipikasyon, gayunpaman hindi niya nakuha ang trabaho.

when
when
[Pang-ugnay]

used to indicate that two things happen at the same time or during something else

kapag,  habang

kapag, habang

Ex: He felt nervous when he had to give a presentation. 

Naramdaman niyang kinabahan kapag kailangan niyang magbigay ng presentasyon.

whenever
whenever
[Pang-ugnay]

at any or every time

tuwing, sa tuwing

tuwing, sa tuwing

Ex: The cat comes running to the kitchen whenever it smells food. 

Ang pusa ay tumatakbo papunta sa kusina tuwing naaamoy nito ang pagkain.

where
where
[Pang-ugnay]

used to refer to a particular situation, stage, or place

kung saan, kung nasaan

kung saan, kung nasaan

Ex: I need to find out where my friend lives so I can visit her. 

Kailangan kong malaman kung saan nakatira ang kaibigan ko para makabisita ako sa kanya.

whereas
whereas
[Pang-ugnay]

used to introduce a statement that is true for one thing and false for another

samantalang, habang

samantalang, habang

Ex: James is outgoing and talkative, whereas his brother is reserved and quiet. 

Si James ay palakaibigan at madaldal, samantalang ang kanyang kapatid ay mahinhin at tahimik.

whether
whether
[Pang-ugnay]

used to talk about a doubt or choice when facing two options

kung

kung

Ex: He's trying to figure out whether he should study abroad or stay in his home country. 

Sinusubukan niyang alamin kung dapat siyang mag-aral sa ibang bansa o manatili sa kanyang sariling bansa.

during
during
[Preposisyon]

used to express that something happens continuously from the beginning to the end of a period of time

sa panahon ng, habang

sa panahon ng, habang

Ex: I like to listen to music during my morning commute to work. 

Gusto kong makinig ng musika habang papunta sa trabaho sa umaga.

until
until
[Preposisyon]

used to show that something continues or lasts up to a specific point in time and often not happening or existing after that time

hanggang, hanggang sa

hanggang, hanggang sa

Ex: I will wait for you until 5 PM. 

Maghihintay ako para sa iyo hanggang 5 PM.

from
from
[Preposisyon]

used for showing the place where a person or thing comes from

mula sa, galing sa

mula sa, galing sa

Ex: I received a letter from my cousin in Australia. 

Tumanggap ako ng sulat mula sa aking pinsan sa Australia.

of
of
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate someone's or something's ownership or relation to a thing or person

ng

ng

Ex: He's the director of a successful company. 

Siya ang direktor ng isang matagumpay na kumpanya.

through
through
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate movement into one side and out of the opposite side of something

sa pamamagitan ng, sa

sa pamamagitan ng, sa

Ex: The cat slipped through the fence and disappeared into the bushes. 

Dumulas ang pusa sa pamamagitan ng bakod at nawala sa mga palumpong.

except
except
[Preposisyon]

used to introduce an exclusion

maliban sa, liban

maliban sa, liban

Ex: All the books are in the box except the one I'm reading. 

Lahat ng mga libro ay nasa kahon maliban sa isang binabasa ko.

apart from
apart from
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate an exception or exclusion from something or someone

bukod sa, maliban sa

bukod sa, maliban sa

Ex: Apart from my sister, everyone in our family loves sports. 

Bukod sa aking kapatid na babae, lahat sa aming pamilya ay mahilig sa sports.

around
around
[Preposisyon]

in every direction surrounding a person or object

sa paligid ng, sa palibot ng

sa paligid ng, sa palibot ng

Ex: Trees stood thick around the small cottage. 

Ang mga puno ay nakatayo nang makapal sa palibot ng maliit na kubo.

by
by
[Preposisyon]

used to show how something is done or achieved

sa pamamagitan ng, gamit ang

sa pamamagitan ng, gamit ang

Ex: The problem was solved by teamwork. 

Ang problema ay nalutas sa pamamagitan ng pagtutulungan.

outside
outside
[Preposisyon]

on or to a place beyond the borders of something

sa labas ng, sa labas

sa labas ng, sa labas

Ex: She saw a deer outside her kitchen window. 

Nakita niya ang isang usa sa labas ng kanyang kusina bintana.

inside
inside
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate that something or someone is located in, happening within, or moving into the inner part of something

sa loob ng, nasa

sa loob ng, nasa

Ex: The squirrel is hiding inside the tree hollow. 

Ang squirrel ay nagtatago sa loob ng butas ng puno.

nor
nor
[pang-abay]

used to add another negative statement related to the previous one

ni

ni

Ex: He doesn't speak French, nor does he understand it. 

Hindi siya nagsasalita ng Pranses, ni naiintindihan niya ito.

for
for
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate who is supposed to have or use something or where something is intended to be put

para

para

Ex: These cookies are for the school bake sale. 

Ang mga cookies na ito ay para sa bake sale ng paaralan.

about
about
[Preposisyon]

used to express the matters that relate to a specific person or thing

tungkol sa,  hinggil sa

tungkol sa, hinggil sa

Ex: I read an interesting article about health and fitness. 

Nabasa ko ang isang kawili-wiling artikulo tungkol sa kalusugan at fitness.

against
against
[Preposisyon]

in opposition to someone or something

laban sa

laban sa

Ex: I decided to go against the advice of my friend. 

Nagpasya akong sumalungat sa payo ng aking kaibigan.

than
than
[Preposisyon]

used to add a second part to a comparison

kaysa

kaysa

Ex: He works harder than anyone else I know. 

Masipag siyang magtrabaho kaysa sa sinumang iba na kilala ko.

like
like
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate that something or someone shares the same qualities or features to another

tulad

tulad

Ex: He fights like a lion, fierce and brave. 

Lumalaban siya parang leon, mabangis at matapang.

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