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Aklat Headway - Itaas na Intermediate - Yunit 2

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 2 sa Headway Upper Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "arrangement", "make off", "litter", atbp.

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Headway - Upper Intermediate

to try to do something as well as one is capable of

Ex: I know youdo your best on the exam , and that ’s all that matters .

to stop using or having something

alisin, itigil

alisin, itigil

Ex: As part of the cost-cutting measures , the company chose to do away with certain non-essential services .Bilang bahagi ng mga hakbang sa pagbawas ng gastos, pinili ng kumpanya na **alisin** ang ilang di-mahahalagang serbisyo.

to create a memorable or lasting effect on someone or something

Ex: In social situations, making impressions on others can help in building relationships and connections.
arrangement
[Pangngalan]

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

ayos, kasunduan

ayos, kasunduan

Ex: The arrangement for the wedding ceremony was very detailed .Ang **ayos** para sa seremonya ng kasal ay napaka-detalyado.
profit
[Pangngalan]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

tubo,  kita

tubo, kita

Ex: Without careful budgeting , it ’s difficult to achieve consistent profit.Kung walang maingat na pagbabadyet, mahirap makamit ang tuluy-tuloy na **kita**.
loss
[Pangngalan]

the state or process of losing a person or thing

pagkawala, kawalan

pagkawala, kawalan

Ex: Loss of biodiversity in the region has had detrimental effects on the ecosystem .Ang **pagkawala** ng biodiversity sa rehiyon ay nagdulot ng masamang epekto sa ecosystem.
research
[Pangngalan]

a careful and systematic study of a subject to discover new facts or information about it

pananaliksik

pananaliksik

Ex: The team 's research on consumer behavior guided their marketing strategy for the new product .Ang **pananaliksik** ng koponan sa pag-uugali ng mamimili ang gumabay sa kanilang estratehiya sa marketing para sa bagong produkto.

doing something that someone has planned to, often when they find the right time

Ex: The company is waiting for the right time to make its move into the international market.

to perform a helpful or kind act for someone, typically without expecting something in return

Ex: He did his elderly neighbor a favor by shoveling snow from her driveway.

to try to do or accomplish something, particularly something difficult

Ex: We need make an effort to reduce our carbon footprint .
business
[Pangngalan]

the activity of providing services or products in exchange for money

negosyo, propesyon

negosyo, propesyon

Ex: He started a landscaping business after graduating from college .Nag-start siya ng landscaping na **negosyo** pagkatapos niyang grumaduwa sa kolehiyo.

to have a very strong and noticeable effect on someone or something

Ex: Understanding cultural nuances can make a difference between successful international business negotiations and misunderstandings.
decision
[Pangngalan]

a choice or judgment that is made after adequate consideration or thought

desisyon, pagpili

desisyon, pagpili

Ex: The decision to invest in renewable energy sources reflects the company 's commitment to sustainability .Ang **desisyon** na mamuhunan sa mga pinagkukunan ng renewable energy ay sumasalamin sa pangako ng kumpanya sa sustainability.
suggestion
[Pangngalan]

the act of putting an idea or plan forward for someone to think about

mungkahi,  proposisyon

mungkahi, proposisyon

Ex: I appreciate your suggestion to try meditation as a stress-relief technique .Pinahahalagahan ko ang iyong **mungkahi** na subukan ang pagmumuni-muni bilang isang pamamaraan para maibsan ang stress.
degree
[Pangngalan]

the certificate that is given to university or college students upon successful completion of their course

degree

degree

Ex: To enter the medical field , you must first obtain a medical degree.Upang pumasok sa larangan ng medisina, kailangan mo munang makakuha ng **degree** sa medisina.
clear
[pang-uri]

easy to understand

malinaw, madaling maunawaan

malinaw, madaling maunawaan

Ex: The rules of the game were clear, making it easy for newcomers to join .Ang mga patakaran ng laro ay **malinaw**, na nagpapadali sa mga bagong dating na sumali.
to make up
[Pandiwa]

to create a false or fictional story or information

gumawa ng kwento, imbento

gumawa ng kwento, imbento

Ex: The child made up a story about their imaginary friend .Ang bata ay **gumawa** ng kwento tungkol sa kanilang imaginary friend.

to do something in order to replace something lost or fix something damaged

bumawi, gantihan

bumawi, gantihan

Ex: Giving a heartfelt apology can help make up for the hurtful words that were spoken during the argument .Ang pagbibigay ng taos-pusong paghingi ng tawad ay maaaring makatulong na **bumawi** sa mga masasakit na salitang nasabi sa panahon ng away.
to make off
[Pandiwa]

to leave quickly, often in order to escape or avoid someone or something

tumakas, umalis nang mabilis

tumakas, umalis nang mabilis

Ex: He tried to make off with the documents but was caught at the door .Sinubukan niyang **tumakas** kasama ang mga dokumento ngunit nahuli sa pintuan.

used to mean that one can go on or manage without someone or something

Ex: The party could do without any more unexpected guests; we're already at full capacity.

used to mean that one benefits from having someone or something present or available to one

Ex: The garden could do with a bit of rain; the plants are looking a bit dry.
to do up
[Pandiwa]

to fasten, button, zip, or otherwise secure something, often related to clothing or accessories

isara, itali

isara, itali

Ex: The actor quickly needed to do up the cufflinks on his shirt before going on stage .Mabilis na kailangan ng aktor na **itali** ang mga cufflink sa kanyang shirt bago umakyat sa entablado.
rubbish
[Pangngalan]

unwanted, worthless, and unneeded things that people throw away

basura, mga basura

basura, mga basura

Ex: The council has implemented new bins for rubbish to encourage proper waste disposal in the community .Ang konseho ay nagpatupad ng mga bagong basurahan para sa **basura** upang hikayatin ang tamang pagtatapon ng basura sa komunidad.
litter
[Pangngalan]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

basura, mga dumi

basura, mga dumi

Ex: The city fined him for throwing litter out of his car window .Pinagmulta siya ng lungsod dahil sa pagtapon ng **basura** mula sa bintana ng kanyang kotse.
to clog
[Pandiwa]

to make it so that nothing can move through something

bara, harang

bara, harang

Ex: A swarm of insects clogged the air filter of the HVAC system , affecting air quality in the building .Isang pulutong ng mga insekto ang **bumara** sa air filter ng HVAC system, na nakaaapekto sa kalidad ng hangin sa gusali.
to swamp
[Pandiwa]

to flood or cover something with water, making it hard to use or move through

lubog, baha

lubog, baha

Ex: The river has swamped several villages this week .Ang ilog ay **bumaha** sa ilang mga nayon ngayong linggo.
garbage
[Pangngalan]

things such as household materials that have no use anymore

basura, mga basura

basura, mga basura

Ex: The children were told not to leave their garbage on the beach .Sinabihan ang mga bata na huwag iwanan ang kanilang **basura** sa beach.
debris
[Pangngalan]

the scattered pieces of waste, remains, or broken objects, often left after destruction or an accident

mga labi, mga basura

mga labi, mga basura

Ex: The firefighters carefully moved the debris to prevent further collapse .Maingat na inilipat ng mga bumbero ang **mga guho** upang maiwasan ang karagdagang pagbagsak.
to swirl
[Pandiwa]

to move in a twisting or whirling motion, creating a pattern of circular or spiral motion

umikot, umiikot

umikot, umiikot

Ex: The sand has been swirling in intricate patterns under the influence of the desert winds .Ang buhangin ay **umiikot** sa masalimuot na mga pattern sa ilalim ng impluwensya ng mga hangin sa disyerto.
to gobble
[Pandiwa]

to eat something quickly and greedily, often making loud and rapid swallowing sounds

lamunin nang mabilis, sakmalin

lamunin nang mabilis, sakmalin

Ex: In a rush , she had to gobble her lunch before the meeting .Nagmamadali, kailangan niyang **lamunin** ang kanyang tanghalian bago ang pulong.
food chain
[Pangngalan]

the sequence of organisms in an ecosystem where each organism serves as a source of food for the next organism in the chain

kadena ng pagkain, trophic network

kadena ng pagkain, trophic network

grain
[Pangngalan]

a small, hard particle or granule, often referring to seeds, sand, or similar substances

butil, maliit na piraso

butil, maliit na piraso

Ex: The sculpture was carved with such detail that every grain of wood stood out .Ang iskultura ay inukit nang may ganoong detalye na bawat **butil** ng kahoy ay namumukod.
to impose
[Pandiwa]

to force someone to do what they do not want

ipataw, pilitin

ipataw, pilitin

Ex: Parents should guide and support rather than impose their career choices on their children .Dapat gabayan at suportahan ng mga magulang ang kanilang mga anak kaysa **ipilit** ang kanilang mga pagpipilian sa karera.
infinite
[pang-uri]

without end or limits in extent, amount, or space

walang hanggan, walang limitasyon

walang hanggan, walang limitasyon

Ex: His infinite kindness towards everyone he met made him beloved by all .Ang kanyang **walang hanggan** na kabaitan sa lahat ng kanyang nakilala ay nagpamahal sa kanya ng lahat.
single-use
[pang-uri]

made to be used once and then thrown away

pang-isahang gamit, itinatapon pagkatapos gamitin

pang-isahang gamit, itinatapon pagkatapos gamitin

Ex: They banned single-use bags to reduce plastic waste .Ipinagbawal nila ang mga **single-use** na bag upang mabawasan ang plastic waste.
throwaway
[pang-uri]

discarded or is intended to be thrown away after use

itinatapon, pang-isahang gamit

itinatapon, pang-isahang gamit

Ex: He collected throwaway cans to recycle them for cash .Nagtipon siya ng mga **itinatapon** na lata upang i-recycle ang mga ito para sa pera.
well
[Pantawag]

said to express agreement to something, usually reluctantly

sige, well

sige, well

you know
[Pantawag]

used as a filler phrase to pause or fill gaps in speech

alam mo, kumbaga

alam mo, kumbaga

Ex: He’s not the easiest person to work with, you know.Hindi siya ang pinakamadaling tao na makasama sa trabaho, **alam mo**.
like
[Pantawag]

used as a filler word or hesitation marker

parang

parang

Ex: I could n’t believe it — she just , like, walked away without saying anything !Hindi ako makapaniwala—parang, **tulad**, umalis lang siya nang walang sinasabi!
I mean
[Pantawag]

used in speech to provide emphasis, or to signal a pause in speech while the speaker gathers their thoughts

Ibig kong sabihin, Yun ay

Ibig kong sabihin, Yun ay

Ex: I mean , how could anyone resist an offer like that ?**Ibig kong sabihin**, paano matatanggihan ng sinuman ang isang alok na ganyan?
you see
[Pantawag]

used to draw attention to a point or to emphasize a statement or explanation

nakikita mo, naiintindihan mo

nakikita mo, naiintindihan mo

Ex: You see , the reason we ’re moving is to be closer to family .**Alam mo**, ang dahilan kung bakit kami lumilipat ay para mas malapit sa pamilya.
kind of
[Parirala]

in some ways or to some degree

Ex: Ikind of tired , so I might skip the evening workout today .
sort of
[pang-abay]

to a degree or extent that is unclear

medyo, parang

medyo, parang

Ex: The team's performance was sort of impressive, considering the challenging circumstances.Ang performance ng team ay **medyo** kahanga-hanga, isinasaalang-alang ang mga mapaghamong pangyayari.
anyway
[pang-abay]

used when ending a conversation, or changing, or returning to a subject

Kahit papaano, Gayunpaman

Kahit papaano, Gayunpaman

Ex: Anyway, I ’ll call you later with more updates .**Anyway**, tatawagan kita mamaya na may karagdagang update.
so
[Pang-ugnay]

used to introduce a consequence or result of the preceding clause

kaya, kaya't

kaya, kaya't

Ex: I forgot her birthday , so she was upset with me .Nakalimutan ko ang kanyang kaarawan, **kaya** nagalit siya sa akin.
turquoise
[Pangngalan]

a bright bluish-green color

turkesa, berde-bughaw

turkesa, berde-bughaw

Ex: His shirt was a vibrant turquoise, perfect for the summer party .Ang kanyang shirt ay isang makislap na **turkesa**, perpekto para sa summer party.
Aklat Headway - Itaas na Intermediate
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