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كتاب Headway - فوق المتوسط - الوحدة 2

هنا ستجد المفردات من الوحدة 2 في كتاب Headway Upper Intermediate، مثل "arrangement"، "make off"، "litter"، إلخ.

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Headway - Upper Intermediate
to do one's best
[عبارة]

to try to do something as well as one is capable of

Ex: I know youdo your best on the exam , and that ’s all that matters .

to stop using or having something

إلغاء, التخلص من

إلغاء, التخلص من

Ex: As part of the cost-cutting measures , the company chose to do away with certain non-essential services .كجزء من إجراءات خفض التكاليف، اختارت الشركة **التخلص من** بعض الخدمات غير الأساسية.

to create a memorable or lasting effect on someone or something

Ex: In social situations, making impressions on others can help in building relationships and connections.
arrangement
[اسم]

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

ترتيب, اتفاق

ترتيب, اتفاق

Ex: The arrangement for the wedding ceremony was very detailed .كان **الترتيب** لحفل الزفاف مفصلاً جداً.
profit
[اسم]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

ربح,  ربح

ربح, ربح

Ex: Without careful budgeting , it ’s difficult to achieve consistent profit.بدون ميزانية دقيقة، من الصعب تحقيق **ربح** مستمر.
loss
[اسم]

the state or process of losing a person or thing

خسارة, فقدان

خسارة, فقدان

Ex: Loss of biodiversity in the region has had detrimental effects on the ecosystem .كان ل**فقدان** التنوع البيولوجي في المنطقة آثار ضارة على النظام البيئي.
research
[اسم]

a careful and systematic study of a subject to discover new facts or information about it

بحث

بحث

Ex: The team 's research on consumer behavior guided their marketing strategy for the new product .أرشد **البحث** الذي أجراه الفريق حول سلوك المستهلك استراتيجيتهم التسويقية للمنتج الجديد.
to make one's move
[عبارة]

doing something that someone has planned to, often when they find the right time

Ex: The company is waiting for the right time to make its move into the international market.

to perform a helpful or kind act for someone, typically without expecting something in return

Ex: He did his elderly neighbor a favor by shoveling snow from her driveway.
to make an effort
[عبارة]

to try to do or accomplish something, particularly something difficult

Ex: We need make an effort to reduce our carbon footprint .
business
[اسم]

the activity of providing services or products in exchange for money

عمل تجاري, مشروع

عمل تجاري, مشروع

Ex: He started a landscaping business after graduating from college .بدأ **عمل** تنسيق حدائق بعد تخرجه من الكلية.

to have a very strong and noticeable effect on someone or something

Ex: Understanding cultural nuances can make a difference between successful international business negotiations and misunderstandings.
decision
[اسم]

a choice or judgment that is made after adequate consideration or thought

قرار, اختيار

قرار, اختيار

Ex: The decision to invest in renewable energy sources reflects the company 's commitment to sustainability .يعكس **القرار** بالاستثمار في مصادر الطاقة المتجددة التزام الشركة بالاستدامة.
suggestion
[اسم]

the act of putting an idea or plan forward for someone to think about

اقتراح,  عرض

اقتراح, عرض

Ex: I appreciate your suggestion to try meditation as a stress-relief technique .أقدّر **اقتراحك** بتجربة التأمل كتقنية لتخفيف التوتر.
degree
[اسم]

the certificate that is given to university or college students upon successful completion of their course

درجة

درجة

Ex: To enter the medical field , you must first obtain a medical degree.للدخول في المجال الطبي، يجب عليك أولاً الحصول على **درجة** طبية.
clear
[صفة]

easy to understand

واضح, سهل الفهم

واضح, سهل الفهم

Ex: The rules of the game were clear, making it easy for newcomers to join .كانت قواعد اللعبة **واضحة**، مما جعل من السهل على الوافدين الجدد الانضمام.
to make up
[فعل]

to create a false or fictional story or information

اختلق, صنع

اختلق, صنع

Ex: The child made up a story about their imaginary friend .الطفل **اختلق** قصة عن صديقه الخيالي.

to do something in order to replace something lost or fix something damaged

يعوض, يصلح

يعوض, يصلح

Ex: Giving a heartfelt apology can help make up for the hurtful words that were spoken during the argument .تقديم اعتذار صادق يمكن أن يساعد في **تعويض** الكلمات المؤذية التي قيلت خلال الجدال.
to make off
[فعل]

to leave quickly, often in order to escape or avoid someone or something

هرب, فر

هرب, فر

Ex: He tried to make off with the documents but was caught at the door .حاول **الفرار** بالمستندات ولكن تم القبض عليه عند الباب.

used to mean that one can go on or manage without someone or something

Ex: The party could do without any more unexpected guests; we're already at full capacity.

used to mean that one benefits from having someone or something present or available to one

Ex: The garden could do with a bit of rain; the plants are looking a bit dry.
to do up
[فعل]

to fasten, button, zip, or otherwise secure something, often related to clothing or accessories

ربط, إغلاق

ربط, إغلاق

Ex: The actor quickly needed to do up the cufflinks on his shirt before going on stage .احتاج الممثل بسرعة إلى **ربط** أزرار الكم على قميصه قبل الصعود إلى المسرح.
rubbish
[اسم]

unwanted, worthless, and unneeded things that people throw away

قمامة, نفايات

قمامة, نفايات

Ex: The council has implemented new bins for rubbish to encourage proper waste disposal in the community .قام المجلس بتنفيذ صناديق جديدة للنفايات لتشجيع التخلص السليم من النفايات في المجتمع.
litter
[اسم]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

قمامة, نفايات

قمامة, نفايات

Ex: The city fined him for throwing litter out of his car window .غرامة المدينة له لإلقاء **القمامة** من نافذة سيارته.
to clog
[فعل]

to make it so that nothing can move through something

سد, عاق

سد, عاق

Ex: A swarm of insects clogged the air filter of the HVAC system , affecting air quality in the building .سرب من الحشرات **سد** مرشح الهواء لنظام التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء، مما أثر على جودة الهواء في المبنى.
to swamp
[فعل]

to flood or cover something with water, making it hard to use or move through

يغمر, يُغرق

يغمر, يُغرق

Ex: The river has swamped several villages this week .**غمر** النهر عدة قرى هذا الأسبوع.
garbage
[اسم]

things such as household materials that have no use anymore

قمامة, نفايات

قمامة, نفايات

Ex: The children were told not to leave their garbage on the beach .قيل للأطفال ألا يتركوا **قمامتهم** على الشاطئ.
debris
[اسم]

the scattered pieces of waste, remains, or broken objects, often left after destruction or an accident

حطام, بقايا

حطام, بقايا

Ex: The firefighters carefully moved the debris to prevent further collapse .حرك رجال الإطفاء **الحطام** بعناية لمنع مزيد من الانهيار.
to swirl
[فعل]

to move in a twisting or whirling motion, creating a pattern of circular or spiral motion

يدور, يلتف

يدور, يلتف

Ex: The sand has been swirling in intricate patterns under the influence of the desert winds .كان الرمل يدور في أنماط معقدة تحت تأثير رياح الصحراء.
to gobble
[فعل]

to eat something quickly and greedily, often making loud and rapid swallowing sounds

يأكل بشراهة, يبتلع بسرعة

يأكل بشراهة, يبتلع بسرعة

Ex: In a rush , she had to gobble her lunch before the meeting .في عجلة من أمرها، كان عليها أن **تلتهم** غداءها قبل الاجتماع.
food chain
[اسم]

the sequence of organisms in an ecosystem where each organism serves as a source of food for the next organism in the chain

السلسلة الغذائية, الشبكة الغذائية

السلسلة الغذائية, الشبكة الغذائية

grain
[اسم]

a small, hard particle or granule, often referring to seeds, sand, or similar substances

حبة, جزيء

حبة, جزيء

Ex: The sculpture was carved with such detail that every grain of wood stood out .نُحت التمثال بتفاصيل دقيقة لدرجة أن كل **حبة** من الخشب كانت بارزة.
to impose
[فعل]

to force someone to do what they do not want

يفرض, يجبر

يفرض, يجبر

Ex: Parents should guide and support rather than impose their career choices on their children .يجب على الآباء توجيه ودعم أطفالهم بدلاً من **فرض** خياراتهم المهنية عليهم.
infinite
[صفة]

without end or limits in extent, amount, or space

لا نهائي, غير محدود

لا نهائي, غير محدود

Ex: His infinite kindness towards everyone he met made him beloved by all .لطفه **اللامتناهي** تجاه كل من قابل جعله محبوبًا لدى الجميع.
single-use
[صفة]

made to be used once and then thrown away

للاستخدام لمرة واحدة, يمكن التخلص منه

للاستخدام لمرة واحدة, يمكن التخلص منه

Ex: They banned single-use bags to reduce plastic waste .حظرت الأكياس **للاستخدام الواحد** لتقليل النفايات البلاستيكية.
throwaway
[صفة]

discarded or is intended to be thrown away after use

يمكن التخلص منه, للاستخدام لمرة واحدة

يمكن التخلص منه, للاستخدام لمرة واحدة

Ex: He collected throwaway cans to recycle them for cash .جمع العلب **القابلة للرمي** لإعادة تدويرها مقابل المال.
well
[الاسم]

said to express agreement to something, usually reluctantly

حسنا, طيب

حسنا, طيب

you know
[الاسم]

used as a filler phrase to pause or fill gaps in speech

تعرف, كما تعلم

تعرف, كما تعلم

Ex: He’s not the easiest person to work with, you know.إنه ليس أسهل شخص للعمل معه، **كما تعلم**.
like
[الاسم]

used as a filler word or hesitation marker

مثل

مثل

Ex: I could n’t believe it — she just , like, walked away without saying anything !لم أستطع تصديق ذلك—لقد، **مثل**، مشت بعيدًا دون أن تقول أي شيء!
I mean
[الاسم]

used in speech to provide emphasis, or to signal a pause in speech while the speaker gathers their thoughts

أعني, يعني

أعني, يعني

Ex: I mean , how could anyone resist an offer like that ?**أعني**، كيف يمكن لأي شخص أن يقاوم عرضًا مثل هذا؟
you see
[الاسم]

used to draw attention to a point or to emphasize a statement or explanation

ترى, تفهم

ترى, تفهم

Ex: You see , the reason we ’re moving is to be closer to family .**كما ترى**، السبب في انتقالنا هو أن نكون أقرب إلى العائلة.
kind of
[عبارة]

in some ways or to some degree

Ex: Ikind of tired , so I might skip the evening workout today .
sort of
[ظرف]

to a degree or extent that is unclear

قليلاً, إلى حد ما

قليلاً, إلى حد ما

Ex: The team's performance was sort of impressive, considering the challenging circumstances.كان أداء الفريق **نوعًا ما** مثيرًا للإعجاب، نظرًا للظروف الصعبة.
anyway
[ظرف]

used when ending a conversation, or changing, or returning to a subject

على أي حال, عموما

على أي حال, عموما

Ex: Anyway, I ’ll call you later with more updates .**على أي حال**، سأتصل بك لاحقًا بالمزيد من التحديثات.
so
[حرف العطف]

used to introduce a consequence or result of the preceding clause

لذلك, إذاً

لذلك, إذاً

Ex: I forgot her birthday , so she was upset with me .لقد نسيت عيد ميلادها، **لذا** كانت غاضبة مني.
turquoise
[اسم]

a bright bluish-green color

فيروزي, أخضر مزرق

فيروزي, أخضر مزرق

Ex: His shirt was a vibrant turquoise, perfect for the summer party .كان قميصه بلون **الفيروزي** الزاهي، مثالي لحفلة الصيف.
كتاب Headway - فوق المتوسط
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