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كتاب Headway - فوق المتوسط - الوحدة 2

هنا ستجد المفردات من الوحدة 2 في كتاب Headway Upper Intermediate، مثل "arrangement"، "make off"، "litter"، إلخ.

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Headway - Upper Intermediate
to [do] {one's}  best
to do one's best
[عبارة]

to try to do something as well as one is capable of

Ex: I know you’ll do your best on the exam, and that’s all that matters.
to do away with

to stop using or having something

إلغاء, التخلص من

إلغاء, التخلص من

Ex: As part of the cost-cutting measures , the company chose to do away with certain non-essential services .

كجزء من إجراءات خفض التكاليف، اختارت الشركة التخلص من بعض الخدمات غير الأساسية.

to [make] an impression

to create a memorable or lasting effect on someone or something

Ex: In social situations, making impressions on others can help in building relationships and connections.
arrangement
arrangement
[اسم]

a mutual understanding or agreement established between people

ترتيب, اتفاق

ترتيب, اتفاق

Ex: The arrangement for the wedding ceremony was very detailed .

كان الترتيب لحفل الزفاف مفصلاً جداً.

profit
profit
[اسم]

the sum of money that is gained after all expenses and taxes are paid

ربح,  ربح

ربح, ربح

Ex: Without careful budgeting , it 's difficult to achieve consistent profit.

بدون ميزانية دقيقة، من الصعب تحقيق ربح مستمر.

loss
loss
[اسم]

the act or process of no longer having someone or something

خسارة, ضياع

خسارة, ضياع

Ex: The storm resulted in a loss of crops .

أدى العاصفة إلى فقدان المحاصيل.

research
research
[اسم]

a careful and systematic study of a subject to discover new facts or information about it

بحث

بحث

Ex: The team 's research on consumer behavior guided their marketing strategy for the new product .

أرشد البحث الذي أجراه الفريق حول سلوك المستهلك استراتيجيتهم التسويقية للمنتج الجديد.

to [make] {one's} move
to make one's move
[عبارة]

doing something that someone has planned to, often when they find the right time

Ex: The company is waiting for the right time to make its move into the international market.
to [do] {sb} a (favor|solid)

to perform a helpful or kind act for someone, typically without expecting something in return

Ex: He did his elderly neighbor a favor by shoveling snow from her driveway.
to [make] an effort
to make an effort
[عبارة]

to try to do or accomplish something, particularly something difficult

Ex: We need to make an effort to reduce our carbon footprint.
business
business
[اسم]

the activity of providing services or products in exchange for money

عمل تجاري, مشروع

عمل تجاري, مشروع

Ex: He started a landscaping business after graduating from college .

بدأ عمل تنسيق حدائق بعد تخرجه من الكلية.

to [make] (a|the) difference

to have a very strong and noticeable effect on someone or something

Ex: Understanding cultural nuances can make a difference between successful international business negotiations and misunderstandings.
decision
decision
[اسم]

a choice or judgment that is made after adequate consideration or thought

قرار, اختيار

قرار, اختيار

Ex: The decision to invest in renewable energy sources reflects the company 's commitment to sustainability .

يعكس القرار بالاستثمار في مصادر الطاقة المتجددة التزام الشركة بالاستدامة.

suggestion
suggestion
[اسم]

the act of putting an idea or plan forward for someone to think about

اقتراح,  عرض

اقتراح, عرض

Ex: I appreciate your suggestion to try meditation as a stress-relief technique .

أقدّر اقتراحك بتجربة التأمل كتقنية لتخفيف التوتر.

degree
degree
[اسم]

the certificate that is given to university or college students upon successful completion of their course

درجة

درجة

Ex: To enter the medical field , you must first obtain a medical degree.

للدخول في المجال الطبي، يجب عليك أولاً الحصول على درجة طبية.

clear
clear
[صفة]

easy to understand

واضح, سهل الفهم

واضح, سهل الفهم

Ex: The rules of the game were clear, making it easy for newcomers to join .

كانت قواعد اللعبة واضحة، مما جعل من السهل على الوافدين الجدد الانضمام.

to make up
to make up
[فعل]

to create a false or fictional story or information

اختلق, صنع

اختلق, صنع

Ex: The child made up a story about their imaginary friend .

الطفل اختلق قصة عن صديقه الخيالي.

to make up for

to do something in order to replace something lost or fix something damaged

يعوض, يصلح

يعوض, يصلح

Ex: Giving a heartfelt apology can help make up for the hurtful words that were spoken during the argument .

تقديم اعتذار صادق يمكن أن يساعد في تعويض الكلمات المؤذية التي قيلت خلال الجدال.

to make off
to make off
[فعل]

to leave quickly, often in order to escape or avoid someone or something

هرب, فر

هرب, فر

Ex: He tried to make off with the documents but was caught at the door .

حاول الفرار بالمستندات ولكن تم القبض عليه عند الباب.

{sb} could do without {sb/sth}

used to mean that one can go on or manage without someone or something

Ex: The party could do without any more unexpected guests; we're already at full capacity.
{sb} could do with {sb/sth}

used to mean that one benefits from having someone or something present or available to one

Ex: The garden could do with a bit of rain; the plants are looking a bit dry.
to do up
to do up
[فعل]

to fasten, button, zip, or otherwise secure something, often related to clothing or accessories

ربط, إغلاق

ربط, إغلاق

Ex: The actor quickly needed to do up the cufflinks on his shirt before going on stage .

احتاج الممثل بسرعة إلى ربط أزرار الكم على قميصه قبل الصعود إلى المسرح.

rubbish
rubbish
[اسم]

unwanted, worthless, and unneeded things that people throw away

قمامة, نفايات

قمامة, نفايات

Ex: The council has implemented new bins for rubbish to encourage proper waste disposal in the community .

قام المجلس بتنفيذ صناديق جديدة للنفايات لتشجيع التخلص السليم من النفايات في المجتمع.

litter
litter
[اسم]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

قمامة, نفايات

قمامة, نفايات

Ex: The city fined him for throwing litter out of his car window .

غرامة المدينة له لإلقاء القمامة من نافذة سيارته.

to clog
to clog
[فعل]

to make it so that nothing can move through something

سد, عاق

سد, عاق

Ex: A swarm of insects clogged the air filter of the HVAC system , affecting air quality in the building .

سرب من الحشرات سد مرشح الهواء لنظام التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء، مما أثر على جودة الهواء في المبنى.

to swamp
to swamp
[فعل]

to flood or cover something with water, making it hard to use or move through

يغمر, يُغرق

يغمر, يُغرق

Ex: The river has swamped several villages this week .

غمر النهر عدة قرى هذا الأسبوع.

garbage
garbage
[اسم]

things such as household materials that have no use anymore

قمامة, نفايات

قمامة, نفايات

Ex: The children were told not to leave their garbage on the beach .

قيل للأطفال ألا يتركوا قمامتهم على الشاطئ.

debris
debris
[اسم]

the scattered pieces of waste, remains, or broken objects, often left after destruction or an accident

حطام, بقايا

حطام, بقايا

Ex: The firefighters carefully moved the debris to prevent further collapse .

حرك رجال الإطفاء الحطام بعناية لمنع مزيد من الانهيار.

to swirl
to swirl
[فعل]

to move in a twisting or whirling motion, creating a pattern of circular or spiral motion

يدور, يلتف

يدور, يلتف

Ex: The sand has been swirling in intricate patterns under the influence of the desert winds .

كان الرمل يدور في أنماط معقدة تحت تأثير رياح الصحراء.

to gobble
to gobble
[فعل]

to eat something quickly and greedily, often making loud and rapid swallowing sounds

يأكل بشراهة, يبتلع بسرعة

يأكل بشراهة, يبتلع بسرعة

Ex: In a rush , she had to gobble her lunch before the meeting .

في عجلة من أمرها، كان عليها أن تلتهم غداءها قبل الاجتماع.

food chain
food chain
[اسم]

a system in nature where animals and plants depend on each other for food

السلسلة الغذائية, الشبكة الغذائية

السلسلة الغذائية, الشبكة الغذائية

Ex: When one species disappears , it can upset the whole food chain.

عندما يختفي نوع واحد، يمكن أن يخل بالسلسلة الغذائية بأكملها.

grain
grain
[اسم]

a small, hard particle or granule, often referring to seeds, sand, or similar substances

حبة, جزيء

حبة, جزيء

Ex: The sculpture was carved with such detail that every grain of wood stood out .

نُحت التمثال بتفاصيل دقيقة لدرجة أن كل حبة من الخشب كانت بارزة.

to impose
to impose
[فعل]

to force someone to do what they do not want

يفرض, يجبر

يفرض, يجبر

Ex: Parents should guide and support rather than impose their career choices on their children .

يجب على الآباء توجيه ودعم أطفالهم بدلاً من فرض خياراتهم المهنية عليهم.

infinite
infinite
[صفة]

without end or limits in extent, amount, or space

لا نهائي, غير محدود

لا نهائي, غير محدود

Ex: His infinite kindness towards everyone he met made him beloved by all .

لطفه اللامتناهي تجاه كل من قابل جعله محبوبًا لدى الجميع.

single-use
single-use
[صفة]

made to be used once and then thrown away

للاستخدام لمرة واحدة, يمكن التخلص منه

للاستخدام لمرة واحدة, يمكن التخلص منه

Ex: They banned single-use bags to reduce plastic waste .

حظرت الأكياس للاستخدام الواحد لتقليل النفايات البلاستيكية.

throwaway
throwaway
[صفة]

discarded or is intended to be thrown away after use

يمكن التخلص منه, للاستخدام لمرة واحدة

يمكن التخلص منه, للاستخدام لمرة واحدة

Ex: He collected throwaway cans to recycle them for cash .

جمع العلب القابلة للرمي لإعادة تدويرها مقابل المال.

well
well
[الاسم]

said to express agreement to something, usually reluctantly

حسنا, طيب

حسنا, طيب

you know
you know
[الاسم]

used as a filler phrase to pause or fill gaps in speech

تعرف, كما تعلم

تعرف, كما تعلم

Ex: He ’s not the easiest person to work with , you know .

إنه ليس أسهل شخص للعمل معه، كما تعلم.

like
like
[الاسم]

used as a filler word or hesitation marker

مثل

مثل

Ex: I could n’t believe it — she just , like, walked away without saying anything !

لم أستطع تصديق ذلك—لقد، مثل، مشت بعيدًا دون أن تقول أي شيء!

I mean
I mean
[الاسم]

used in speech to provide emphasis, or to signal a pause in speech while the speaker gathers their thoughts

أعني, يعني

أعني, يعني

Ex: I mean , how could anyone resist an offer like that ?

أعني، كيف يمكن لأي شخص أن يقاوم عرضًا مثل هذا؟

you see
you see
[الاسم]

used to draw attention to a point or to emphasize a statement or explanation

ترى, تفهم

ترى, تفهم

Ex: You see , the reason we ’re moving is to be closer to family .

كما ترى، السبب في انتقالنا هو أن نكون أقرب إلى العائلة.

kind of
kind of
[عبارة]

in some ways or to some degree

Ex: I 'm kind of tired , so I might skip the evening workout today .
sort of {~noun}
sort of
[ظرف]

to a degree or extent that is unclear

قليلاً, إلى حد ما

قليلاً, إلى حد ما

Ex: The team's performance was sort of impressive, considering the challenging circumstances.

كان أداء الفريق نوعًا ما مثيرًا للإعجاب، نظرًا للظروف الصعبة.

anyway
anyway
[ظرف]

used when ending a conversation, or changing, or returning to a subject

على أي حال, عموما

على أي حال, عموما

Ex: Anyway, I ’ll call you later with more updates .

على أي حال، سأتصل بك لاحقًا بالمزيد من التحديثات.

so
so
[حرف العطف]

used to introduce a consequence or result of the preceding clause

لذلك, إذاً

لذلك, إذاً

Ex: I forgot her birthday , so she was upset with me .

نسيت عيد ميلادها، لذلك كانت غاضبة مني.

turquoise
turquoise
[اسم]

a bright bluish-green color

فيروزي, أخضر مزرق

فيروزي, أخضر مزرق

Ex: His shirt was a vibrant turquoise, perfect for the summer party .

كان قميصه بلون الفيروزي الزاهي، مثالي لحفلة الصيف.

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