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Aklat Insight - Itaas na Intermediate - Yunit 8 - 8A

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 8 - 8A sa Insight Upper-Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "nakakapagod", "emission", "conserve", atbp.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Insight - Upper-intermediate
painful
[pang-uri]

causing physical pain in someone

masakit, nakapagdudulot ng sakit

masakit, nakapagdudulot ng sakit

Ex: Her painful shoulder prevented her from lifting anything heavy .Ang kanyang **masakit** na balikat ay pumigil sa kanya na magbuhat ng mabigat.
agonizing
[pang-uri]

causing a lot of difficulty, pain, distress, or discomfort

masakit, nakapagpapahirap

masakit, nakapagpapahirap

Ex: The long , agonizing hours of labor were finally over .Ang mahabang, **masakit** na oras ng paggawa ay sa wakas ay tapos na.
impressive
[pang-uri]

causing admiration because of size, skill, importance, etc.

kahanga-hanga, kapansin-pansin

kahanga-hanga, kapansin-pansin

Ex: The team made an impressive comeback in the final minutes of the game .Ang koponan ay gumawa ng **kahanga-hangang pagbabalik** sa huling minuto ng laro.
awe-inspiring
[pang-uri]

evoking a feeling of great respect, admiration, and sometimes fear

kahanga-hanga, nakakabilib

kahanga-hanga, nakakabilib

Ex: He became silent , overwhelmed by the awe-inspiring beauty of the night sky .Naging tahimik siya, napuno ng **kahanga-hangang** kagandahan ng langit sa gabi.
upsetting
[pang-uri]

causing sadness, anger, or concern

nakakalungkot, nakakabahala

nakakalungkot, nakakabahala

Ex: The movie 's ending was unexpectedly upsetting.Ang ending ng pelikula ay hindi inaasahang **nakakainis**.
distressing
[pang-uri]

causing feelings of discomfort, sadness, or anxiety

nakakalungkot, nakakabahala

nakakalungkot, nakakabahala

Ex: The loud noises and chaotic environment in the city center were distressing for those seeking peace and quiet.Ang malalakas na ingay at magulong kapaligiran sa sentro ng lungsod ay **nakakadismaya** para sa mga naghahanap ng kapayapaan at katahimikan.
destroyed
[pang-uri]

completely ruined or severely damaged beyond repair or use

wasak, giniba

wasak, giniba

critical
[pang-uri]

noting or highlighting mistakes or imperfections

mapanuri, mahigpit

mapanuri, mahigpit

Ex: The article was critical of the government 's handling of the crisis .Ang artikulo ay **kritikal** sa paghawak ng gobyerno sa krisis.
outlawed
[pang-uri]

prohibited by law or made illegal

ipinagbabawal, ilegal

ipinagbabawal, ilegal

Ex: The possession of firearms without a permit is considered outlawed in this state .Ang pagmamay-ari ng mga baril na walang permiso ay itinuturing na **ipinagbabawal ng batas** sa estado na ito.
slaughter
[Pangngalan]

the killing of animals for food, often done on a large scale in industrial settings

pagpatay, pagsasakatayan

pagpatay, pagsasakatayan

Ex: He worked at a slaughterhouse for several years before changing careers.Nagtrabaho siya sa isang **matadero** sa loob ng ilang taon bago magpalit ng karera.
countless
[pang-uri]

so numerous that it cannot be easily counted or quantified

di-mabilang, walang bilang

di-mabilang, walang bilang

Ex: She has made countless contributions to the community over the years .Siya ay gumawa ng **walang katapusang** mga kontribusyon sa komunidad sa loob ng maraming taon.
monstrous
[pang-uri]

exceptionally large in size

halimaw, napakalaki

halimaw, napakalaki

Ex: The monstrous stadium could hold over 100,000 spectators , making it one of the largest in the world .Ang **napakalaking** istadyum ay maaaring maglaman ng higit sa 100,000 manonood, na ginagawa itong isa sa pinakamalaki sa mundo.
wiped-out
[pang-uri]

completely destroyed or eliminated

ganap na nawasak, burado

ganap na nawasak, burado

Ex: The wiped-out population struggled to recover after the epidemic .Ang populasyon na **nawasak** ay nagpumilit na makaahon pagkatapos ng epidemya.
cold-blooded
[pang-uri]

showing no emotion or sympathy

walang puso, malupit

walang puso, malupit

Ex: Her cold-blooded attitude during the negotiation was both intimidating and effective .Ang kanyang **walang emosyon** na ugali sa panahon ng negosasyon ay parehong nakakatakot at epektibo.
empathy
[Pangngalan]

the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person

pagkakaunawa, pakikiramay

pagkakaunawa, pakikiramay

Ex: In tough situations , empathy can help resolve conflicts peacefully .Sa mahihirap na sitwasyon, ang **empathy** ay maaaring makatulong sa paglutas ng mga hidwaan nang mapayapa.

to find oneself in a better condition or situation

Ex: He felt he be better off saving money rather than spending it on unnecessary items .
to base on
[Pandiwa]

to develop something using certain facts, ideas, situations, etc.

ibatay sa, nakabatay sa

ibatay sa, nakabatay sa

Ex: They based their decision on the market research findings.**Ibinase** nila ang kanilang desisyon sa mga natuklasan ng pananaliksik sa merkado.
to rise
[Pandiwa]

to move from a lower to a higher position

umakyat, tumayo

umakyat, tumayo

Ex: As the tide was rising, the boat started to float .Habang ang tubig ay **umaakyat**, ang bangka ay nagsimulang lumutang.
result
[Pangngalan]

something that is caused by something else

resulta, epekto

resulta, epekto

Ex: The company 's restructuring efforts led to positive financial results.Ang mga pagsisikap sa pag-restructure ng kumpanya ay nagdulot ng positibong **resulta** sa pananalapi.
to depend on
[Pandiwa]

to be determined or affected by something else

nakadepende sa, matukoy ng

nakadepende sa, matukoy ng

Ex: The success of a healthy lifestyle depends on a balanced diet , regular exercise , and sufficient sleep .Ang tagumpay ng isang malusog na pamumuhay ay **nakadepende sa** balanseng diyeta, regular na ehersisyo, at sapat na tulog.
ingredient
[Pangngalan]

a substance or material used in making a dish, product, or mixture

sangkap

sangkap

Ex: They bought all the necessary ingredients from the market .Bumili sila ng lahat ng kinakailangang **sangkap** mula sa palengke.
to threaten
[Pandiwa]

to say that one is willing to damage something or hurt someone if one's demands are not met

bantaan

bantaan

Ex: The abusive partner threatened to harm their spouse if they tried to leave the relationship .**Binanatangan** ng mapang-abusong partner na saktan ang kanilang asawa kung susubukan nilang iwanan ang relasyon.
to attack
[Pandiwa]

to act violently against someone or something to try to harm them

atake, salakay

atake, salakay

Ex: He was attacked by a group of thieves and left with bruises .Siya ay **inaatake** ng isang grupo ng mga magnanakaw at naiwan na may mga pasa.
fraction
[Pangngalan]

a part of a whole number, such as ½

praksyon, bahaging praksyonal

praksyon, bahaging praksyonal

Ex: Learning fractions is important in elementary math .Ang pag-aaral ng **fractions** ay mahalaga sa elementarya math.
to concern
[Pandiwa]

to cause someone to worry

mabahala, alalahanin

mabahala, alalahanin

Ex: The behavior of their teenage daughter concerned the parents , who were worried about her well-being .Ang pag-uugali ng kanilang anak na dalagita ay **nag-alala** sa mga magulang, na nag-aalala para sa kanyang kapakanan.
environmental
[pang-uri]

relating to the natural world and effects of human actions on it

pangkapaligiran, ekolohikal

pangkapaligiran, ekolohikal

Ex: Environmental awareness campaigns raise public consciousness about issues like climate change and wildlife conservation .Ang mga kampanya ng kamalayan **pangkalikasan** ay nagtataas ng kamalayan ng publiko tungkol sa mga isyu tulad ng pagbabago ng klima at konserbasyon ng wildlife.
to ban
[Pandiwa]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

ipagbawal, bawalan

ipagbawal, bawalan

Ex: The international community came together to ban the trade of ivory .Ang internasyonal na komunidad ay nagkaisa upang **ipagbawal** ang kalakalan ng garing.
to cause
[Pandiwa]

to make something happen, usually something bad

maging sanhi,  magdulot

maging sanhi, magdulot

Ex: Smoking is known to cause various health problems .Kilala ang paninigarilyo na **nagdudulot** ng iba't ibang problema sa kalusugan.
to conserve
[Pandiwa]

to keep something from change or harm

panatilihin, ingatan

panatilihin, ingatan

Ex: The city implemented measures to conserve its green spaces .Ang lungsod ay nagpatupad ng mga hakbang upang **konserbahan** ang mga berdeng espasyo nito.
to maintain
[Pandiwa]

to make something stay in the same state or condition

panatilihin, ingatan

panatilihin, ingatan

Ex: Right now , the technician is actively maintaining the equipment to avoid breakdowns .Sa ngayon, aktibong **nagpapanatili** ang technician ng kagamitan upang maiwasan ang mga sira.

to use something in an excessive manner that can result in depletion or damage of the resource being used

sobrang paggamit

sobrang paggamit

to prevent
[Pandiwa]

to not let someone do something

pigilan, hadlangan

pigilan, hadlangan

Ex: Right now , the police are taking action to prevent the protest from escalating .Sa ngayon, ang pulisya ay gumagawa ng aksyon upang **pigilan** ang pag-escalate ng protesta.
to reduce
[Pandiwa]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

bawasan, pababain

bawasan, pababain

Ex: The chef suggested using alternative ingredients to reduce the calorie content of the dish .Iminungkahi ng chef ang paggamit ng mga alternatibong sangkap upang **bawasan** ang calorie content ng ulam.
to threaten
[Pandiwa]

to say that one is willing to damage something or hurt someone if one's demands are not met

bantaan

bantaan

Ex: The abusive partner threatened to harm their spouse if they tried to leave the relationship .**Binanatangan** ng mapang-abusong partner na saktan ang kanilang asawa kung susubukan nilang iwanan ang relasyon.
to protect
[Pandiwa]

to prevent someone or something from being damaged or harmed

protektahan, ingatan

protektahan, ingatan

Ex: Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack .Ang mga tropa ay ipinadala upang **protektahan** ang mga aid worker laban sa atake.
imbalance
[Pangngalan]

lack of equal distribution between two or more things, often resulting in an unfair situation

kawalan ng balanse, hindi pagkakapantay-pantay

kawalan ng balanse, hindi pagkakapantay-pantay

Ex: An imbalance of power within the organization led to conflicts among employees .Ang **kawalan ng balanse** ng kapangyarihan sa loob ng organisasyon ay nagdulot ng mga hidwaan sa mga empleyado.
nature
[Pangngalan]

everything that exists or happens on the earth, excluding things that humans make or control

kalikasan, likas na kapaligiran

kalikasan, likas na kapaligiran

Ex: The changing seasons offer a variety of experiences and beauty in nature.Ang nagbabagong mga panahon ay nag-aalok ng iba't ibang karanasan at kagandahan sa **kalikasan**.
harmful
[pang-uri]

causing damage or negative effects to someone or something

nakasasama, mapaminsala

nakasasama, mapaminsala

Ex: Air pollution from vehicles and factories can be harmful to the environment .Ang polusyon sa hangin mula sa mga sasakyan at pabrika ay maaaring **makasama** sa kapaligiran.
impact
[Pangngalan]

an influence or effect that something has on a person, situation, or thing

epekto, impluwensya

epekto, impluwensya

Ex: Environmentalists are concerned about the impact of pollution on marine life .Nag-aalala ang mga environmentalista tungkol sa **epekto** ng polusyon sa marine life.
resource
[Pangngalan]

(usually plural) a country's gas, oil, trees, etc. that are considered valuable and therefore can be sold to gain wealth

mapagkukunan, likas na yaman

mapagkukunan, likas na yaman

Ex: Exploitation of marine resources has led to overfishing in some regions .Ang pagsasamantala sa mga **mapagkukunan** ng dagat ay nagdulot ng sobrang pangingisda sa ilang mga rehiyon.
ecosystem
[Pangngalan]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many fragile ecosystems.Ang pagbabago ng klima ay nagdudulot ng malaking banta sa maraming marupok na **ecosystem**.
species
[Pangngalan]

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into

uri, mga uri

uri, mga uri

Ex: The monarch butterfly is a species of butterfly that migrates thousands of miles each year .Ang monarch butterfly ay isang **uri** ng paruparo na naglalakbay ng libu-libong milya bawat taon.
carbon
[Pangngalan]

a nonmetal element that can be found in all organic compounds and living things

carbon, uling

carbon, uling

Ex: Activated carbon is widely used in filtration systems to remove impurities.Ang activated **carbon** ay malawakang ginagamit sa mga sistema ng pagsasala upang alisin ang mga dumi.
emission
[Pangngalan]

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

paglabas, emisyon

paglabas, emisyon

toxic waste
[Pangngalan]

a type of waste that contains harmful chemicals that can cause serious health and environmental problems if not properly handled and disposed of

nakakalasong basura, lason na basura

nakakalasong basura, lason na basura

Ex: The community protested against the construction of a toxic waste disposal facility nearby .Nagprotesta ang komunidad laban sa pagtatayo ng pasilidad para sa pagtatapon ng **nakakalasong basura** sa malapit.
habitat
[Pangngalan]

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

tirahan, likas na tahanan

tirahan, likas na tahanan

Ex: Cacti are well adapted to the dry habitat of the desert .Ang mga cactus ay mahusay na naakma sa tuyong **tirahan** ng disyerto.
Aklat Insight - Itaas na Intermediate
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