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Cambridge IELTS 17 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 2 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (2)

Matuto ng bokabularyo mula sa ikalawang bahagi ng Cambridge IELTS 17 Academic, Test 2 Reading Passage 3, kasama ang mga kapaki-pakinabang na salita at expression mula sa teksto.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Cambridge IELTS 17 - Academic
utility
utility
[Pangngalan]

the quality of being useful or practical

kapakinabangan,  pagiging praktikal

kapakinabangan, pagiging praktikal

Ex: The tool has considerable utility in small workshops. 
diverse
diverse
[pang-uri]

showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

iba't ibang, magkakaiba

iba't ibang, magkakaiba

Ex: The team consisted of individuals from diverse backgrounds, bringing a range of experiences and perspectives to the table. 

Ang koponan ay binubuo ng mga indibidwal mula sa iba't ibang pinagmulan, na nagdadala ng isang hanay ng mga karanasan at pananaw sa mesa.

enduring
enduring
[pang-uri]

having the ability to last over a long period of time

matatag, pangmatagalan

matatag, pangmatagalan

Ex: Despite the hardships, their enduring faith in each other never wavered. 

Sa kabila ng mga paghihirap, ang kanilang matatag na pananampalataya sa isa't isa ay hindi kailanman nanghina.

merely
merely
[pang-abay]

nothing more than what is to be said

lamang, simpleng

lamang, simpleng

Ex: I merely asked a question; I didn't accuse anyone. 

Lamang ako ay nagtanong; hindi ko inakusahan ang sinuman.

to label
to label
[Pandiwa]

to assign a quality to someone or something in order to categorize them

lagyan ng label, uriin

lagyan ng label, uriin

Ex: He was labeled as a rebel for his defiance of authority. 
to advance
to advance
[Pandiwa]

to propose an idea or theory for discussion

isulong, ipanukala

isulong, ipanukala

Ex: The architect advanced a unique design concept for the new building. 
groundbreaking
groundbreaking
[pang-uri]

original and pioneering in a certain field, often setting a new standard for others to follow

makabago, rebolusyonaryo

makabago, rebolusyonaryo

Ex: The scientist's groundbreaking research led to a major breakthrough in cancer treatment. 

Ang makabagong pananaliksik ng siyentipiko ay nagdulot ng malaking pagsulong sa paggamot sa kanser.

to refrain
to refrain
[Pandiwa]

to resist or hold back from doing or saying something

umiwas,  pigilin ang sarili

umiwas, pigilin ang sarili

Ex: Despite the urge to argue, she will refrain from responding to the critical comments. 

Sa kabila ng pagnanais na makipagtalo, siya ay pipigil sa pagsagot sa mga kritikal na komento.

entirely
entirely
[pang-abay]

to the fullest or complete degree

ganap, lubusan

ganap, lubusan

Ex: The puzzle was entirely solved by the dedicated team. 

Ang puzzle ay ganap na nalutas ng nakatuong koponan.

variation
variation
[Pangngalan]

(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration

pagkakaiba-iba, mutasyon

pagkakaiba-iba, mutasyon

Ex: The researchers identified a variation with an altered chromosome. 
selection
selection
[Pangngalan]

a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment

pili

pili

Ex: Natural selection favors traits that improve survival and reproduction. 
objective
objective
[Pangngalan]

a goal that one wants to achieve

layunin

layunin

Ex: My objective for this year is to improve my skills in public speaking. 
in sight
in sight
[pang-uri]

at or within a reasonable distance for seeing

nakikita, sa paningin

nakikita, sa paningin

provenance
provenance
[Pangngalan]

the origin or source of a particular thing

pinagmulan, pinanggalingan

pinagmulan, pinanggalingan

Ex: The provenance of the painting was traced back to the 18th century. 

Ang pinagmulan ng painting ay nasubaybay pabalik sa ika-18 siglo.

to operate
to operate
[Pandiwa]

to function in a specific way

gumana, magpatakbo

gumana, magpatakbo

Ex: While the repairs were ongoing, the backup generator was operating to provide electricity. 
to constrain
to constrain
[Pandiwa]

to restrict movement or actions through restraint or confinement

paghigpitan, pigilan

paghigpitan, pigilan

Ex: The tight ropes are currently constraining the struggling animal. 
prior
prior
[pang-uri]

happening or existing before something else

nauna, dati

nauna, dati

Ex: Her prior experience in marketing helped her secure the new job. 
to abandon
to abandon
[Pandiwa]

to stop supporting an idea, policy, concept, etc.

talikuran, iwan

talikuran, iwan

Ex: After careful consideration, he abandoned his previous beliefs and embraced a new ideology. 
to explore
to explore
[Pandiwa]

to investigate something to gain knowledge or understanding about it

galugarin, suriin

galugarin, suriin

Ex: Can you please explore alternative solutions to the problem? 
to defend
to defend
[Pandiwa]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

ipagtanggol, suportahan

ipagtanggol, suportahan

Ex: The writer's latest book aims to defend her controversial views on social issues. 
to disprove
to disprove
[Pandiwa]

to show that something is false or incorrect

pabulaanan, patunayang mali

pabulaanan, patunayang mali

Ex: The scientist conducted experiments to disprove the theory. 

Ang siyentipiko ay nagsagawa ng mga eksperimento upang pabulaanan ang teorya.

to outline
to outline
[Pandiwa]

to give a brief description of something excluding the details

balangkas, ilarawan nang maikli

balangkas, ilarawan nang maikli

Ex: Before starting the research paper, the scientist outlined the hypotheses and methodologies to guide the study. 
assumption
assumption
[Pangngalan]

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

palagay, haka-haka

palagay, haka-haka

Ex: The decision relied on the assumption that funding would be approved. 
to criticize
to criticize
[Pandiwa]

to express disapproval of someone or something by pointing out faults or weaknesses

pumuna,  pintasan

pumuna, pintasan

Ex: The coach criticized the team for making careless mistakes. 
to justify
to justify
[Pandiwa]

to provide a valid reason or explanation for an action, decision, or belief, usually something that others consider wrong

bigyang-katwiran, ipagtanggol

bigyang-katwiran, ipagtanggol

Ex: The government had to justify the allocation of funds to a particular project by outlining its potential benefits for the community. 
standpoint
standpoint
[Pangngalan]

an opinion or decision that is formed based on one's belief or circumstances

pananaw,  posisyon

pananaw, posisyon

exception
exception
[Pangngalan]

a person or thing that does not follow a general rule or is excluded from a class or group

pagkakataon, espesyal na kaso

pagkakataon, espesyal na kaso

Ex: He is the exception to the rule of not working weekends because of his critical role in the project. 
ideal
ideal
[Pangngalan]

someone or something considered to possess unmatched or unparalleled qualities of perfection

ideal, huwaran

ideal, huwaran

Ex: He aspires to meet the ideal of a dedicated and reliable employee. 
to aspire
to aspire
[Pandiwa]

to desire to have or become something

hangarin, magnais

hangarin, magnais

Ex: Living in a small town, he always aspired to travel the world and experience different cultures firsthand. 

Nakatira sa isang maliit na bayan, palagi siyang nagnanais na maglakbay sa buong mundo at maranasan ang iba't ibang kultura nang personal.

recognition
recognition
[Pangngalan]

acknowledgment or approval given to someone or something for their achievements, qualities, or actions

pagkilala

pagkilala

Ex: The company's commitment to sustainability earned it global recognition. 
reputation
reputation
[Pangngalan]

the general opinion that the public has about someone or something because of what they did in the past

reputasyon, pangalan

reputasyon, pangalan

Ex: The artist's reputation grew after several successful exhibitions of her work. 
skepticism
skepticism
[Pangngalan]

a doubting or questioning attitude towards ideas, beliefs, or claims that are generally accepted

pag-aalinlangan

pag-aalinlangan

Ex: Her skepticism about the new diet fad led her to research its effectiveness before trying it. 

Ang kanyang pag-aalinlangan tungkol sa bagong diet fad ay nagtulak sa kanya na saliksikin ang bisa nito bago subukan.

development
development
[Pangngalan]

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

pag-unlad

pag-unlad

Ex: They monitored the development of the plant to understand its growth patterns. 
to seek
to seek
[Pandiwa]

to try to find a particular thing or person

hanapin, maghanap

hanapin, maghanap

Ex: The detective regularly seeks clues to solve complex cases. 
to turn away
to turn away
[Pandiwa]

to move away from one's area of interest or original path

lumayo, umikot

lumayo, umikot

Ex: The artist decided to turn away from abstract painting and explore realism in his latest collection. 

Nagpasya ang artista na lumayo sa abstract painting at tuklasin ang realism sa kanyang pinakabagong koleksyon.

necessity
necessity
[Pangngalan]

the fact or condition of being required or unavoidable

Ex: The report emphasizes the necessity of reducing water waste. 
to provoke
to provoke
[Pandiwa]

to cause a particular reaction, feeling, or response

mangudyong,  pukawin

mangudyong, pukawin

Ex: The announcement provoked an immediate reaction from the audience. 
to modify
to modify
[Pandiwa]

to make partial changes to something, usually to improve it or make it more suitable

baguhin

baguhin

Ex: The engineers modified the design to make the machine safer. 
coincidence
coincidence
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which two things happen simultaneously by chance that is considered unusual

pagkakataon

pagkakataon

Ex: It was a strange coincidence that they both wore the same outfit to the party. 

Isang kakaibang coincidence na pareho silang suot sa party.

to compromise
to compromise
[Pandiwa]

to reach an agreement by giving up some of what one originally wanted

makipagkasundo,  magkompromiso

makipagkasundo, magkompromiso

Ex: Both sides agreed to compromise in order to end the dispute. 
misadventure
misadventure
[Pangngalan]

an event or experience that is unfortunate, unsuccessful, or troublesome, often due to poor planning, bad judgment, or unforeseen circumstances

kapus-palad na pakikipagsapalaran, masamang karanasan

kapus-palad na pakikipagsapalaran, masamang karanasan

Ex: The exploration mission was aborted following a series of mechanical misadventures with their vehicles. 

Ang misyon ng paggalugad ay itinigil matapos ang isang serye ng mga mekanikal na kasawian sa kanilang mga sasakyan.

pure
pure
[pang-uri]

absolute or complete, without any admixture or qualification

dalisay, ganap

dalisay, ganap

Ex: The novel's pure excitement kept readers hooked from start to finish with its intense, unrelenting pace. 
serendipity
serendipity
[Pangngalan]

the fact of accidentally experiencing or discovering something that is pleasant or valuable

serendipidad, masuwerteng pagkakataon

serendipidad, masuwerteng pagkakataon

Ex: Finding that quaint little bookstore on our vacation was pure serendipity. 

Ang paghahanap ng magandang maliit na bookstore sa aming bakasyon ay purong serendipity.

to affix
to affix
[Pandiwa]

to attach or fasten something to another object or surface

ikabit, idikit

ikabit, idikit

Ex: She affixes a stamp to each envelope before mailing the letters. 

Siya ay nagkakabit ng isang selyo sa bawat sobre bago ipadala ang mga liham.

hymnbook
hymnbook
[Pangngalan]

a songbook containing a collection of hymns

awitang aklat, libro ng mga himno

awitang aklat, libro ng mga himno

brilliantly
brilliantly
[pang-abay]

with exceptional intelligence, skill, or creativity

nang mahusay, nang napakagaling

nang mahusay, nang napakagaling

Ex: She argued her case brilliantly in the debate. 

Matalino niyang ipinagtanggol ang kanyang posisyon sa debate.

phenomenally
phenomenally
[pang-abay]

to a degree that exceeds expectations or standards to a significant extent

kamangha-mangha, hindi pangkaraniwan

kamangha-mangha, hindi pangkaraniwan

Ex: The team worked phenomenally well to complete the project ahead of schedule. 

Ang koponan ay nagtrabaho nang kamangha-mangha na maayos upang makumpleto ang proyekto nang mas maaga sa iskedyul.

post-it
post-it
[Pangngalan]

a small piece of colored paper that is sticky on one side and can be easily removed, used for leaving notes

post-it, malagkit na tala

post-it, malagkit na tala

Ex: She wrote a reminder on a Post-it and stuck it to her computer monitor. 

Sumulat siya ng paalala sa isang Post-it at idinikit ito sa kanyang computer monitor.

ingenious
ingenious
[pang-uri]

having or showing cleverness, creativity, or skill

matalino, malikhain

matalino, malikhain

Ex: The ingenious inventor devised a machine that could solve complex mathematical equations. 

Ang matalinong imbentor ay nakaisip ng isang makina na kayang lutasin ang mga kumplikadong equation sa matematika.

designing
designing
[pang-uri]

concealing crafty designs for advancing your own interest

kalkulado, manipulatibo

kalkulado, manipulatibo

banal
banal
[pang-uri]

lacking creativity or novelty, making it uninteresting due to its overuse or predictability

karaniwan,  pangkaraniwan

karaniwan, pangkaraniwan

Ex: Despite the extravagant decorations, the party turned out to be banal and uneventful, with the same mundane conversations and activities. 

Sa kabila ng marangyang dekorasyon, ang party ay naging banal at walang kaganapan, na may parehong pangkaraniwang usapan at mga aktibidad.

mechanical
mechanical
[pang-uri]

performed automatically and repetitively with little thought, feeling, or creativity

mekanikal, awtomatiko

mekanikal, awtomatiko

Ex: After hours of entering numbers, the work became almost mechanical. 
fundamentally
fundamentally
[pang-abay]

in a manner that refers to the essential aspects of something

pangunahin, esensyal

pangunahin, esensyal

Ex: The success of a healthy relationship is fundamentally built on trust, communication, and mutual respect. 

Ang tagumpay ng isang malusog na relasyon ay pangunahing itinatayo sa tiwala, komunikasyon, at mutual na paggalang.

to invoke
to invoke
[Pandiwa]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

tumukoy, humiling ng tulong

tumukoy, humiling ng tulong

Ex: She invoked the words of Gandhi to inspire her audience during the speech. 

Inimbitahan niya ang mga salita ni Gandhi upang maging inspirasyon sa kanyang mga tagapakinig sa panahon ng pagsasalita.

doubtful
doubtful
[pang-uri]

improbable or unlikely to happen or be the case

duda, hindi tiyak

duda, hindi tiyak

Ex: The weather forecast makes it doubtful that we will have a sunny weekend for the picnic. 

Ang weather forecast ay nagpapaduda na magkakaroon tayo ng sunny weekend para sa picnic.

to [give] (the|) lie to {sth}

to show clearly that something is false, wrong, or not as it appears

Ex: The facts give the lie to the rumor. 
naive
naive
[pang-uri]

lacking experience, wisdom, or understanding about the world, often resulting in being overly trusting or easily deceived

walang muwang, hindi sanay

walang muwang, hindi sanay

Ex: The naive approach to software development led to significant bugs in the program. 

Ang walang muwang na paraan sa pag-develop ng software ay nagdulot ng malalaking bug sa programa.

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