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Compétences Lexicales SAT 5 - Leçon 48

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SAT Word Skills 5
stratum
stratum
[nom]

a distinct layer or level within a system, often conceived as having depth or hierarchy

couche, strate

couche, strate

Ex: Within the realm of academia , there exists a stratum of intellectual discourse , where scholars engage in rigorous debate and research .Dans le domaine universitaire, il existe une **strate** de discours intellectuel, où les chercheurs s'engagent dans des débats et des recherches rigoureux.
conundrum

a problem or question that is confusing and needs a lot of skill or effort to solve or answer

énigme

énigme

Ex: She found herself in a conundrum when she had to choose between two equally appealing job offers .Elle s'est retrouvée dans un **dilemme** lorsqu'elle a dû choisir entre deux offres d'emploi tout aussi attrayantes.
addendum

a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book

addendum

addendum

Ex: The manuscript ’s addendum contained supplementary information not covered in the main chapters .L'**addendum** du manuscrit contenait des informations supplémentaires non couvertes dans les chapitres principaux.
bacterium

a single-celled microorganism that typically reproduces by cell division and can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms

bactérie

bactérie

Ex: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterium responsible for causing pneumonia and other respiratory infections .Streptococcus pneumoniae est une **bactérie** responsable de la pneumonie et d'autres infections respiratoires.
emporium

a large retail store selling various goods, or a particular type of goods

grand magasin

grand magasin

wampum
wampum
[nom]

a shell beads used by some Native American tribes as currency or ceremonial items

wampum, sewan

wampum, sewan

Ex: The word wampum is derived from the Algonquian language and refers to both the beads themselves and the traditional practice of using them in trade and diplomacy .Le mot **wampum** est dérivé de la langue algonquienne et fait référence à la fois aux perles elles-mêmes et à la pratique traditionnelle de les utiliser dans le commerce et la diplomatie.
pendulum

a device with a long thin bar and a weight at the end that swings side to side to keep a clock working

pendule

pendule

proscenium

the architectural wall or frame that separates the stage from the auditorium in a modern theater, often forming an arch through which the audience views the performance

proscenium

proscenium

Ex: A proscenium arch gives a clear boundary between performers and viewers.
oakum
oakum
[nom]

a tarred fiber used for caulking seams in wooden ships and as insulation in plumbing

étoupe

étoupe

Ex: The sailor deftly wielded the caulking iron , driving oakum into the seams of the ship 's deck to protect against the elements .Le marin maniait habilement le fer à calfater, enfonçant de l'**étoupe** dans les joints du pont du navire pour le protéger contre les intempéries.
datum
datum
[nom]

a single piece of information or a reference point used in analysis or measurement

donnée

donnée

Ex: In astronomy , astronomers rely on precise datums to calculate the positions of celestial bodies accurately .En astronomie, les astronomes s'appuient sur des **données** précises pour calculer avec précision les positions des corps célestes.
compendium

a concise collection or summary of information, typically presented in a single volume or document

compendium

compendium

Ex: The compendium of folktales provides readers with an entertaining glimpse into different cultures and traditions .Le **compendium** de contes populaires offre aux lecteurs un aperçu divertissant des différentes cultures et traditions.
opprobrium

severe criticism or public condemnation, often directed at someone's actions or behavior that is considered shameful or disgraceful

opprobre

opprobre

Ex: The celebrity 's insensitive remarks provoked a wave of opprobrium on social media , leading to public apologies and damage control efforts .Les remarques insensibles de la célébrité ont provoqué une vague d'**opprobre** sur les réseaux sociaux, conduisant à des excuses publiques et des efforts de contrôle des dégâts.
fulcrum
fulcrum
[nom]

a point or support on which a lever pivots or rotates in order to lift or move objects

pivot, point d'appui

pivot, point d'appui

Ex: His unwavering support was the fulcrum upon which the team 's success rested , providing stability and guidance during challenging times .Son soutien inébranlable était le **point d'appui** sur lequel reposait le succès de l'équipe, offrant stabilité et guidance pendant les périodes difficiles.
cranium
cranium
[nom]

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

crâne, boîte crânienne

crâne, boîte crânienne

Ex: The cranium is essential for maintaining the shape and structure of the head .Le **crâne** est essentiel pour maintenir la forme et la structure de la tête.
effluvium

an unpleasant or noxious odor, typically emanating from decaying matter or industrial processes

effluvium

effluvium

Ex: The putrid effluvium from the rotting garbage heap could be detected from several blocks away .L'**effluve** putride provenant du tas d'ordures en décomposition pouvait être détectée à plusieurs pâtés de maisons.
millennium

a period of one thousand years, usually calculated from the year of the birth of Jesus Christ

millénium

millénium

Ex: Futurists speculate about technological advancements that may shape the next millennium.Les futurologues spéculent sur les avancées technologiques qui pourraient façonner le prochain **millénaire**.
moratorium

an officially declared pause of a specific action or policy, often imposed by authorities to allow for review, safety, or negotiation

moratoire

moratoire

Ex: The city council voted for a moratorium on building permits in flood-prone areas .Le conseil municipal a voté pour un **moratoire** sur les permis de construire dans les zones inondables.
encomium

a formal expression of praise or tribute, typically delivered in speech or writing

louange, éloge, panégyrique

louange, éloge, panégyrique

Ex: At the award ceremony , the recipient received an encomium recognizing her tireless efforts and unwavering commitment to social justice .Lors de la cérémonie de remise des prix, le récipiendaire a reçu un **éloge** reconnaissant ses efforts inlassables et son engagement indéfectible envers la justice sociale.
asylum
asylum
[nom]

a facility offering care for patients with mental or medical conditions needing extended treatment

asile

asile

Ex: Families entrusted their loved ones to the asylum, confident in the quality of care and support they would receive during their stay .Les familles ont confié leurs proches à l'**asile**, confiantes dans la qualité des soins et du soutien qu'ils recevraient pendant leur séjour.
nostrum
nostrum
[nom]

a questionable or unproven remedy or treatment, often sold with exaggerated claims of effectiveness

panacée

panacée

Ex: Skeptical of the latest nostrum being marketed as a revolutionary weight loss solution , she opted for a balanced diet and regular exercise instead .Méfiante à l'égard du dernier **nostrum** commercialisé comme une solution révolutionnaire pour perdre du poids, elle a opté pour une alimentation équilibrée et de l'exercice régulier à la place.
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