a distinct layer or level within a system, often conceived as having depth or hierarchy
层, 阶层
在企业层级中，高管占据上层阶层，监督公司的运营。
a problem or question that is confusing and needs a lot of skill or effort to solve or answer
谜题, 难题
研究人员在实验结果与他们的初始假设相矛盾时面临了一个难题。
a section of additional material that is usually added at the end of a book
附录, 补遗
详细的词汇表作为学术教科书的附录被包括在内。
a single-celled microorganism that typically reproduces by cell division and can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms
细菌, 微生物
金黄色葡萄球菌是一种细菌，可引起各种感染，包括皮肤感染和食物中毒。
a shell beads used by some Native American tribes as currency or ceremonial items
wampum（一些美洲原住民部落用作货币或仪式物品的贝壳珠）, wampum珠
贝壳串珠被包括万帕诺亚格和莱纳佩在内的各种美洲原住民部落用于仪式目的，并作为荣誉和威望的象征。
a device with a long thin bar and a weight at the end that swings side to side to keep a clock working
摆, 钟摆
the architectural wall or frame that separates the stage from the auditorium in a modern theater, often forming an arch through which the audience views the performance
台口, 舞台拱门
剧院的台口被镀金并精心雕刻。
a tarred fiber used for caulking seams in wooden ships and as insulation in plumbing
麻絮, 焦油纤维
在移除旧的麻絮后，船上的船员勤勉地用新鲜的涂焦油纤维替换它，以防止航行中的泄漏。
a single piece of information or a reference point used in analysis or measurement
数据, 参考点
研究人员将每个测量记录为一个单独的数据点，以包含在数据集中。
a concise collection or summary of information, typically presented in a single volume or document
概要, 摘要
教授将纲要指定为补充阅读材料，为学生提供课程主题的概述。
severe criticism or public condemnation, often directed at someone's actions or behavior that is considered shameful or disgraceful
谴责, 责难
公司决定解雇数千名员工引发了公众的谴责和抵制其产品的呼声。
a point or support on which a lever pivots or rotates in order to lift or move objects
支点, 杠杆支点
在物理课上，我们学习了在使用杠杆时找到正确的支点以实现最大杠杆作用的重要性。
(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain
颅骨, 头盖骨
如果颅骨受到严重撞击，可能会发生颅骨骨折。
an unpleasant or noxious odor, typically emanating from decaying matter or industrial processes
恶臭, 排放物
从污水处理厂散发出的恶臭使得享受户外活动变得具有挑战性。
a period of one thousand years, usually calculated from the year of the birth of Jesus Christ
千年, 千禧年
历史学家研究公元第一个千年期间发生的事件，以了解古代文明。
an officially declared pause of a specific action or policy, often imposed by authorities to allow for review, safety, or negotiation
暂停, 延缓
活动人士呼吁在该地区暂停砍伐森林的禁令。
a formal expression of praise or tribute, typically delivered in speech or writing
赞词, 颂词
市长在仪式上的颂词赞扬了城市在克服逆境中的韧性和精神。
