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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 8-9) - Ordinateur

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à l'informatique qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
compiler

a program that translates source code written in a programming language into machine code or bytecode, allowing the computer's central processing unit (CPU) to execute the program

compilateur, compilateur de code

compilateur, compilateur de code

Ex: Compiler optimizations enhance the performance of the generated machine code by reducing execution time or memory usage. 

Les optimisations du compilateur améliorent les performances du code machine généré en réduisant le temps d'exécution ou l'utilisation de la mémoire.

processor

the part of a computer that executes instructions and performs operations on data

processeur

processeur

Ex: A faster processor can improve the computer's performance. 
graphics card

a piece of hardware that processes and renders images, video, and animations for display on a computer monitor

carte graphique, carte vidéo

carte graphique, carte vidéo

Ex: His computer’s graphics card was upgraded for better performance. 

La carte graphique de son ordinateur a été mise à niveau pour une meilleure performance.

chipset
chipset
[nom]

a group of integrated circuits that work together to manage data flow between the processor, memory, and peripherals of a computer or device

jeu de puces, ensemble de circuits intégrés

jeu de puces, ensemble de circuits intégrés

firmware

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

micrologiciel

micrologiciel

Ex: You need to reinstall the firmware if the device isn’t working properly. 

Vous devez réinstaller le firmware si l'appareil ne fonctionne pas correctement.

socket
socket
[nom]

a place where we can plug in devices to connect them to the electricity

prise, prise murale

prise, prise murale

Ex: The new kitchen appliances needed several power sockets to operate. 

Les nouveaux appareils de cuisine avaient besoin de plusieurs prises pour fonctionner.

pointer
pointer
[nom]

a symbol or indicator on a computer screen that marks the position where user input, such as mouse clicks or keystrokes, is applied

curseur, pointeur

curseur, pointeur

Ex: When browsing a website, the pointer changes its shape to a hand icon when hovering over clickable links. 
prompt
prompt
[nom]

a message or symbol displayed by a computer to show that it is ready to receive input

invite

invite

Ex: Type your password when the prompt appears. 
applet
applet
[nom]

a small, specialized application or program designed to perform a specific task within a larger software context, often used for interactive or dynamic features

applet, petite application

applet, petite application

Ex: An applet embedded in the webpage allows users to play a mini-game without leaving the site. 

Un applet intégré dans la page web permet aux utilisateurs de jouer à un mini-jeu sans quitter le site.

debugger

a software tool or program used by developers to identify and rectify errors, known as bugs, in computer programs

débogueur, dévermineur

débogueur, dévermineur

Ex: Debuggers are essential for identifying logic errors and runtime issues during the development of complex applications. 

Les débogueurs sont essentiels pour identifier les erreurs de logique et les problèmes d'exécution lors du développement d'applications complexes.

interface

the part of a computer program or system through which a user views information and gives commands

interface

interface

Ex: Emma preferred the old interface because the menus were easier to find. 
bus
bus
[nom]

a communication system facilitating data transfer between components or devices within a computer or between multiple computers

bus, système de bus

bus, système de bus

Ex: USB ports on a computer act as external buses for connecting devices like printers and external drives. 
mainframe

A robust and secure computing infrastructure used for processing, storing, and managing vast amounts of data in enterprises.

mainframe, ordinateur central

mainframe, ordinateur central

Ex: Mainframes support the robust computing needs of multinational corporations, handling global operations and ensuring data security across diverse business functions. 
graphics processing unit

a specialized electronic circuit designed to accelerate the processing of images and videos for output to a display

unité de traitement graphique, processeur graphique

unité de traitement graphique, processeur graphique

read-only memory

a type of non-volatile memory in a computer or electronic device where data is permanently stored

mémoire morte, mémoire en lecture seule

mémoire morte, mémoire en lecture seule

Ex: Embedded systems, such as those in household appliances, may use ROM to store fixed software routines and configurations. 

Les systèmes embarqués, comme ceux des appareils ménagers, peuvent utiliser la mémoire morte pour stocker des routines logicielles fixes et des configurations.

solid-state drive

a device fixed in a computer to store information, which retains data if power goes off and is much faster compared to a hard drive

disque à semi-conducteurs, mémoire flash

disque à semi-conducteurs, mémoire flash

Ex: The SSD in his laptop ensures quick access to files and programs, enhancing productivity. 
random-access memory

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

RAM

RAM

Ex: Video editors often require large amounts of RAM to handle high-resolution footage and complex editing software. 

Les éditeurs vidéo nécessitent souvent de grandes quantités de mémoire vive pour gérer des séquences haute résolution et des logiciels de montage complexes.

hard disk drive

a disk on which data is stored, either inside or outside a computer

disque dur

disque dur

Ex: I installed a new hard disk drive in my laptop to increase its storage capacity. 

J'ai installé un nouveau disque dur dans mon ordinateur portable pour augmenter sa capacité de stockage.

central processing unit

the microprocessor chip that performs most data processing in a computer

unité centrale de traitement

unité centrale de traitement

Ex: They upgraded the central processing unit to improve rendering speeds. 
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