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Словарный запас для IELTS Academic (Оценка 8-9) - Computer

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с компьютером, которые необходимы для академического экзамена IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
compiler
compiler
[существительное]

a program that translates source code written in a programming language into machine code or bytecode, allowing the computer's central processing unit (CPU) to execute the program

компилятор, компилятор кода

компилятор, компилятор кода

Ex: Programmers use a compiler to convert high-level programming code into machine code that a computer can execute. 
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processor
processor
[существительное]

(computing) the part of a computer by which all programs work

процессор

процессор

Ex: The new computer featured a high-speed processor that significantly improved overall performance and multitasking capabilities. 
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graphics card
graphics card
[существительное]

a piece of hardware that processes and renders images, video, and animations for display on a computer monitor

графическая карта

графическая карта

Ex: The graphics card is crucial for gaming and graphic design. 
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chipset
chipset
[существительное]

a group of integrated circuits that work together to manage data flow between the processor, memory, and peripherals of a computer or device

чипсет, набор микросхем

чипсет, набор микросхем

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firmware
firmware
[существительное]

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

микропрограммное обеспечение

микропрограммное обеспечение

Ex: The router's firmware was updated to fix security vulnerabilities. 
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socket
socket
[существительное]

a place where we can plug in devices to connect them to the electricity

розетка

розетка

Ex: He plugged his laptop charger into the wall socket near the desk. 
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pointer
pointer
[существительное]

a symbol or indicator on a computer screen that marks the position where user input, such as mouse clicks or keystrokes, is applied

курсор, указатель

курсор, указатель

Ex: The mouse pointer on the computer screen is controlled by moving the physical mouse on the desk. 
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prompt
prompt
[существительное]

a symbol, message, or signal on a computer screen that indicates the system is ready to receive input or commands from the user

приглашение, промпт

приглашение, промпт

Ex: In a command-line interface, the blinking cursor serves as the prompt, indicating that the system is ready for user input. 
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applet
applet
[существительное]

a small, specialized application or program designed to perform a specific task within a larger software context, often used for interactive or dynamic features

апплет, небольшое приложение

апплет, небольшое приложение

Ex: The weather applet on the website provides real-time updates with a compact, interactive display. 
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debugger
debugger
[существительное]

a software tool or program used by developers to identify and rectify errors, known as bugs, in computer programs

отладчик, дебаггер

отладчик, дебаггер

Ex: The programmer used a debugger to trace the source of the software bug and resolve the issue efficiently. 
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interface
interface
[существительное]

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

интерфейс

интерфейс

Ex: The interface of the new software is user-friendly and intuitive, making it easy for beginners to navigate. 
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bus
bus
[существительное]

a communication system facilitating data transfer between components or devices within a computer or between multiple computers

шина, системная шина

шина, системная шина

Ex: The system bus transfers data between the CPU, memory, and other components in a computer. 
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mainframe
mainframe
[существительное]

A robust and secure computing infrastructure used for processing, storing, and managing vast amounts of data in enterprises.

мейнфрейм, центральный компьютер

мейнфрейм, центральный компьютер

Ex: Mainframes are designed for high-performance computing, supporting numerous users concurrently in enterprise environments. 
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graphics processing unit
graphics processing unit
[существительное]

a specialized electronic circuit designed to accelerate the processing of images and videos for output to a display

графический процессор, процессор графики

графический процессор, процессор графики

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read-only memory
read-only memory
[существительное]

a type of non-volatile memory in a computer or electronic device where data is permanently stored

ПЗУ

ПЗУ

Ex: Game cartridges for retro gaming consoles often contain ROM chips that store the game's code and data. 
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solid-state drive
solid-state drive
[существительное]

a device fixed in a computer to store information, which retains data if power goes off and is much faster compared to a hard drive

твердотельный диск

твердотельный диск

Ex: Upgrading to an SSD drastically improved the computer's boot time and application loading speed. 
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random-access memory
random-access memory
[существительное]

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

ОЗУ

ОЗУ

Ex: The new gaming laptop boasts 16GB of RAM for smooth multitasking and faster loading times. 
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hard disk drive
hard disk drive
[существительное]

a disk on which data is stored, either inside or outside a computer

жёсткий диск

жёсткий диск

Ex: The computer's hard disk drive is running out of space due to the large amount of data stored on it. 
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central processing unit
central processing unit
[существительное]

the part of a computer where operations are controlled and executed

центральное процессорное устройство, процессор

центральное процессорное устройство, процессор

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