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Kosakata Lanjutan untuk TOEFL - Anatomi Manusia

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang keluarga dan hubungan, seperti "air liur", "taring", "cuping", dll. yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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trachea
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

tenggorokan, trakea

tenggorokan, trakea

Ex: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure in which a hole is created in the trachea to bypass an obstruction or assist with breathing .**Trakeostomi** adalah prosedur bedah di mana lubang dibuat di **trakea** untuk melewati penyumbatan atau membantu pernapasan.
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respiration
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

pernapasan

pernapasan

Ex: Infants exhibit rapid respiration rates compared to adults , reflecting their developing respiratory systems .Bayi menunjukkan tingkat **pernapasan** yang cepat dibandingkan dengan orang dewasa, mencerminkan sistem pernapasan mereka yang sedang berkembang.
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larynx
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the hollow organ in the throat that contains the vocal cords and provides an air passage to the lungs

laring, kotak suara

laring, kotak suara

Ex: The muscles of the larynx play a crucial role in controlling the pitch and volume of the voice during speech .Otot-otot **laring** memainkan peran penting dalam mengontrol nada dan volume suara selama berbicara.
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saliva
[Kata benda]

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

air liur

air liur

Ex: The forensic scientist collected saliva samples from the crime scene to extract DNA evidence .Ilmuwan forensik mengumpulkan sampel **air liur** dari TKP untuk mengekstrak bukti DNA.
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taste bud
[Kata benda]

any of the group of sensory cells that are mainly on the tongue, making one recognize different tastes

kuncup pengecap, tunas pengecap

kuncup pengecap, tunas pengecap

Ex: Some people have more sensitive taste buds than others, allowing them to detect subtle differences in flavor more easily.Beberapa orang memiliki **tunas rasa** yang lebih sensitif daripada yang lain, memungkinkan mereka untuk mendeteksi perbedaan halus dalam rasa dengan lebih mudah.
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incisor
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) any of the eight narrow-edged teeth at the front of the mouth that are used for biting

gigi seri, gigi depan

gigi seri, gigi depan

Ex: The orthodontist recommended braces to correct the misalignment of her incisors.Dokter gigi merekomendasikan kawat gigi untuk memperbaiki ketidaksejajaran **gigi seri** nya.
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enamel
[Kata benda]

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

email, email gigi

email, email gigi

Ex: Enamel can be damaged by excessive brushing, grinding teeth, or trauma to the mouth.**Enamel** bisa rusak karena menyikat gigi berlebihan, menggeretakkan gigi, atau trauma pada mulut.
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nostril
[Kata benda]

either of the two external openings of the nose that one breathes through

lubang hidung, nostril

lubang hidung, nostril

Ex: He pinched his nostrils shut to prevent the smell from reaching him .Dia mencubit **lubang hidungnya** untuk mencegah bau mencapai dirinya.
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nasal
[Adjektiva]

(anatomy) connected with the nose

nasal, berhubungan dengan hidung

nasal, berhubungan dengan hidung

Ex: Nasal irrigation with saline solution can help alleviate symptoms of sinusitis .Irigasi **hidung** dengan larutan garam dapat membantu meredakan gejala sinusitis.
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phlegm
[Kata benda]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

dahak, lendir

dahak, lendir

Ex: Over-the-counter medications may help to reduce phlegm production and alleviate symptoms of congestion and coughing .Obat-obatan yang dijual bebas dapat membantu mengurangi produksi **dahak** dan meredakan gejala hidung tersumbat dan batuk.
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scalp
[Kata benda]

the skin under one's hair, covering the head

kulit kepala, scalp

kulit kepala, scalp

Ex: She brushed her hair carefully to avoid irritating her sensitive scalp.Dia menyisir rambutnya dengan hati-hati untuk menghindari iritasi pada **kulit kepala** yang sensitif.
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sinus
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) any hollow tract in the bones of the face or the skull that is connected to the nasal cavities

sinus, sinus hidung

sinus, sinus hidung

Ex: The frontal sinuses are located above the eyes, and inflammation in this area can cause headaches and discomfort in the forehead.**Sinus** frontal terletak di atas mata, dan peradangan di area ini dapat menyebabkan sakit kepala dan ketidaknyamanan di dahi.
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lobe
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) a rounded part of an organ, such as, lungs or brain that seems to be separate in some way from the rest

lobus, bagian bulat

lobus, bagian bulat

Ex: The liver is divided into lobes , with the right lobe being larger than the left lobe.Hati terbagi menjadi **lobus**, dengan **lobus** kanan lebih besar daripada **lobus** kiri.
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cortex
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

korteks, korteks serebral

korteks, korteks serebral

Ex: The somatosensory cortex, located in the parietal lobe , receives and processes sensory information from the skin , muscles , and joints .**Korteks** somatosensorik, yang terletak di lobus parietal, menerima dan memproses informasi sensorik dari kulit, otot, dan sendi.
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pupil
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

pupil

pupil

Ex: The photographer adjusted the camera settings to capture the reflection of light in the model 's pupils.Fotografer menyesuaikan pengaturan kamera untuk menangkap pantulan cahaya di **pupil** model.
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iris
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the round colored portion of the eye around the pupil and behind the cornea

iris

iris

Ex: Abnormalities in the iris, such as heterochromia or anisocoria , can be indicative of underlying eye conditions or neurological disorders .Kelainan pada **iris**, seperti heterochromia atau anisocoria, dapat mengindikasikan kondisi mata yang mendasar atau gangguan neurologis.
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retina
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

retina, membran retina

retina, membran retina

Ex: The retina undergoes continuous renewal , with photoreceptor cells being replaced throughout a person 's life .**Retina** mengalami pembaruan terus-menerus, dengan sel fotoreseptor diganti sepanjang hidup seseorang.
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cornea
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

kornea, lapisan transparan mata

kornea, lapisan transparan mata

Ex: Corneal transplantation, also known as a corneal graft, may be necessary to restore vision in cases of severe corneal damage or disease.Transplantasi **kornea**, juga dikenal sebagai cangkok kornea, mungkin diperlukan untuk memulihkan penglihatan dalam kasus kerusakan atau penyakit kornea yang parah.
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eardrum
[Kata benda]

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

gendang telinga, membran timpani

gendang telinga, membran timpani

Ex: Pressure changes during air travel can sometimes cause discomfort or pain in the ears due to unequal pressure on the eardrums.Perubahan tekanan selama perjalanan udara terkadang dapat menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan atau sakit pada telinga karena tekanan yang tidak merata pada **gendang telinga**.
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trunk
[Kata benda]

the body of an animal or human, except the limbs and head

batang tubuh, badan

batang tubuh, badan

Ex: In anatomy , the trunk refers to the main part of the body , excluding the head , neck , arms , and legs , where vital organs and major blood vessels are housed .Dalam anatomi, **batang tubuh** mengacu pada bagian utama tubuh, tidak termasuk kepala, leher, lengan, dan kaki, di mana organ vital dan pembuluh darah utama berada.
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abdomen
[Kata benda]

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

perut, abdomen

perut, abdomen

Ex: She engaged her core muscles , feeling a slight burn in her abdomen as she completed another set of crunches .Dia mengencangkan otot intinya, merasakan sedikit terbakar di **perut** saat menyelesaikan set crunch lainnya.
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bile
[Kata benda]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

empedu, cairan empedu

empedu, cairan empedu

Ex: After a fatty meal , the gallbladder contracts , releasing bile into the duodenum to facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary fats .Setelah makan berlemak, kandung empedu berkontraksi, melepaskan **empedu** ke dalam duodenum untuk memfasilitasi pencernaan dan penyerapan lemak makanan.
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bladder
[Kata benda]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

kandung kemih, kantong kemih

kandung kemih, kantong kemih

Ex: The ultrasound showed that the bladder was functioning normally .USG menunjukkan bahwa **kandung kemih** berfungsi normal.
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gland
[Kata benda]

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

kelenjar, organ sekretori

kelenjar, organ sekretori

Ex: The doctor prescribed medication to stimulate the production of insulin by the pancreas gland in the patient with diabetes .Dokter meresepkan obat untuk merangsang produksi insulin oleh **kelenjar** pankreas pada pasien diabetes.
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pancreas
[Kata benda]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

pankreas, kelenjar pankreas

pankreas, kelenjar pankreas

Ex: The islets of Langerhans within the pancreas contain beta cells that produce insulin , essential for glucose metabolism and energy production in the body .Pulau-pulau Langerhans di dalam **pankreas** mengandung sel beta yang memproduksi insulin, penting untuk metabolisme glukosa dan produksi energi dalam tubuh.
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spleen
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

limpa, lien

limpa, lien

Ex: The spleen also serves as a reservoir for platelets and white blood cells , releasing them into circulation as needed to support the immune response .**Limpa** juga berfungsi sebagai reservoir untuk trombosit dan sel darah putih, melepaskannya ke dalam sirkulasi sesuai kebutuhan untuk mendukung respons imun.
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colon
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

usus besar, kolon

usus besar, kolon

Ex: A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the colon for abnormalities , such as polyps or tumors , and to screen for colorectal cancer .**Kolonoskopi** adalah prosedur yang digunakan untuk memeriksa **usus besar** untuk kelainan, seperti polip atau tumor, dan untuk skrining kanker kolorektal.
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bowel
[Kata benda]

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

usus, perut

usus, perut

Ex: A healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables supports optimal bowel function .Diet sehat yang kaya akan buah-buahan dan sayuran mendukung fungsi **usus** yang optimal.
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pelvis
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

panggul, tulang pinggul

panggul, tulang pinggul

Ex: The pelvis is a key component of the human skeletal system , providing support and protection to internal organs .**Panggul** adalah komponen kunci dari sistem kerangka manusia, memberikan dukungan dan perlindungan pada organ internal.
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womb
[Kata benda]

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

rahim, kandungan

rahim, kandungan

Ex: The mother sang lullabies to her unborn child , hoping to soothe and comfort them within the womb.Ibu menyanyikan lagu pengantar tidur untuk anaknya yang belum lahir, berharap untuk menenangkan dan menghibur mereka di dalam **rahim**.
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cervix
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the narrow outer opening of the womb or uterus of a female

leher rahim, serviks

leher rahim, serviks

Ex: In some cases , the cervix may be artificially dilated using medication or surgical techniques to facilitate certain medical procedures , such as childbirth or the insertion of an intrauterine device ( IUD ) .Dalam beberapa kasus, **serviks** mungkin secara artifisial dilebarkan menggunakan obat atau teknik bedah untuk memfasilitasi prosedur medis tertentu, seperti persalinan atau pemasangan alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim (IUD).
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uterus
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

rahim

rahim

Ex: The uterus is held in place by ligaments and pelvic floor muscles .**Rahim** dipegang di tempatnya oleh ligamen dan otot dasar panggul.
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ovary
[Kata benda]

either of the two organs in women or female animals that produce eggs for reproduction

ovarium

ovarium

Ex: The ovaries play a crucial role in reproductive health , producing hormones essential for fertility and menstruation .**Ovarium** memainkan peran penting dalam kesehatan reproduksi, menghasilkan hormon yang penting untuk kesuburan dan menstruasi.
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urethra
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

uretra, saluran kemih

uretra, saluran kemih

Ex: The urethra is surrounded by muscles known as the urethral sphincters , which help control the flow of urine and semen .**Uretra** dikelilingi oleh otot yang dikenal sebagai sfingter uretra, yang membantu mengontrol aliran urine dan semen.
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renal
[Adjektiva]

relating to the kidneys or their function

renal, berhubungan dengan ginjal

renal, berhubungan dengan ginjal

Ex: Renal health is vital for maintaining proper fluid balance and filtering waste from the body .Kesehatan **ginjal** sangat penting untuk menjaga keseimbangan cairan yang tepat dan menyaring limbah dari tubuh.
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intestinal
[Adjektiva]

relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body

usus, intestinal

usus, intestinal

Ex: Intestinal motility refers to the movement of food and waste through the intestines , regulated by muscular contractions called peristalsis .Motilitas **usus** mengacu pada pergerakan makanan dan limbah melalui usus, yang diatur oleh kontraksi otot yang disebut peristaltik.
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canine
[Kata benda]

(anatomy) any of the four pointed teeth that are between the incisors and premolars, used for tearing food

gigi taring, kaninus

gigi taring, kaninus

Ex: Canines are sharper than the other teeth .**Gigi taring** lebih tajam daripada gigi lainnya.
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antibody
[Kata benda]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

antibodi, imunoglobulin

antibodi, imunoglobulin

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .Obat-obatan yang melemahkan sistem kekebalan tubuh Anda dapat menurunkan kadar **antibodi**.
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bone marrow
[Kata benda]

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

sumsum tulang, sumsum

sumsum tulang, sumsum

Ex: Diseases such as leukemia and multiple myeloma can affect the production of blood cells in the bone marrow, leading to serious health complications .Penyakit seperti leukemia dan multiple myeloma dapat mempengaruhi produksi sel darah di **sumsum tulang**, menyebabkan komplikasi kesehatan yang serius.
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