Vocabulario avanzado para TOEFL - Anatomía humana

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

tráquea

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

respiración

(anatomy) the hollow organ in the throat that contains the vocal cords and provides an air passage to the lungs

laringe

the liquid produced in the mouth to make chewing and swallowing easier and to prepare food for digestion

saliva

any of the group of sensory cells that are mainly on the tongue, making one recognize different tastes

yema gustativa

(anatomy) any of the eight narrow-edged teeth at the front of the mouth that are used for biting

incisivo

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

esmalte

either of the two external openings of the nose that one breathes through

naris

(anatomy) connected with the nose

nasal

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

flema

the skin under one's hair, covering the head

cuero cabelludo

(anatomy) any hollow tract in the bones of the face or the skull that is connected to the nasal cavities

seno

(anatomy) a rounded part of an organ, such as, lungs or brain that seems to be separate in some way from the rest

lóbulo

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

corteza cerebral

(anatomy) the small round black area in the center of the eye, through which light enters

pupila

(anatomy) the round colored portion of the eye around the pupil and behind the cornea

iris

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

retina

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

córnea

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

tímpano

the body of an animal or human, except the limbs and head

tronco

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

abdomen

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

bilis

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

vejiga

an organ in the body that produces certain chemical substances to be used in the body or to be discharged into the surroundings

glándula

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

páncreas

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

bazo

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

colon

(usually plural) the tube in the body through which digested food passes from the stomach to the anus

intestino

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

pelvis

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

útero

(anatomy) the narrow outer opening of the womb or uterus of a female

cérvix

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

útero

either of the two organs in women or female animals that produce eggs for reproduction

ovar

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

uretra

relating to the kidneys or their function

renal

relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body

intestinal

(anatomy) any of the four pointed teeth that are between the incisors and premolars, used for tearing food

canino

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

anticuerpo

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

médula ósea