托福高级词汇 - 人体解剖学

在这里,你将学习一些关于家庭和关系的英语单词,如“唾液”、“犬齿”、“叶”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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托福高级词汇
trachea [名词]
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气管

Ex: Coughing helps to clear the trachea of mucus and foreign particles , keeping the airway clear for breathing .

咳嗽有助于清除气管中的粘液和异物,保持呼吸道畅通以呼吸。

respiration [名词]
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呼吸

Ex: The diaphragm plays a crucial role in the process of respiration , contracting and relaxing to facilitate breathing .

横膈膜在呼吸过程中起着至关重要的作用,通过收缩和放松来促进呼吸。

larynx [名词]
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Ex: The primary function of the larynx is to protect the airway and produce sound for speech and vocalization .

的主要功能是保护气道并为言语和发声产生声音。

saliva [名词]
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唾液

Ex: The dentist noted a decrease in saliva production , which could lead to dry mouth and dental issues .

牙医注意到唾液分泌减少,这可能导致口干和牙齿问题。

taste bud [名词]
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味蕾

Ex:

普通人的舌头上有数千个味蕾,每个都能检测到甜、咸、酸、苦和鲜味。

incisor [名词]
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门牙

Ex: She felt sensitivity in her incisors when consuming hot or cold food and drinks .

她在食用热或冷的食物和饮料时感到门牙敏感。

enamel [名词]
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珐琅质

Ex:

酸性食物和饮料会随着时间的推移侵蚀牙齿釉质,导致牙齿敏感和蛀牙。

nostril [名词]
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鼻孔

Ex: The doctor used a small camera to inspect the inside of her nostrils .

医生用一个小摄像头检查了她的鼻孔内部。

nasal [形容词]
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鼻的

Ex:

鼻腔通道过滤并湿润我们呼吸的空气。

phlegm [名词]
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Ex: Drinking plenty of fluids can help to thin out phlegm , making it easier to expel from the respiratory tract .

多喝水可以帮助稀释痰液,使其更容易从呼吸道排出。

scalp [名词]
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头皮

Ex: The dermatologist examined his scalp for any signs of skin conditions or infections .

皮肤科医生检查了他的头皮,寻找任何皮肤状况或感染的迹象。

sinus [名词]
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an air-filled cavity, especially within the bones of the skull

Ex: Sinus infections often cause pressure and headaches .
lobe [名词]
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Ex:

额叶参与决策、解决问题和自主运动。

cortex [名词]
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皮质

Ex:

位于额叶的前额叶皮层在决策、冲动控制和社会行为中起着关键作用。

pupil [名词]
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瞳孔

Ex: In bright light , the pupil constricts to reduce the amount of light entering the eye .

在强光下,瞳孔会收缩以减少进入眼睛的光量。

iris [名词]
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虹膜

Ex:

虹膜的颜色由虹膜基质中色素的数量和分布决定。

retina [名词]
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视网膜

Ex: Light-sensitive cells in the retina , known as rods and cones , convert light energy into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve .

视网膜中的光敏细胞,即视杆细胞和视锥细胞,将光能转化为电信号,通过视神经传输到大脑。

cornea [名词]
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角膜

Ex: Contact lenses sit on the surface of the cornea , providing vision correction for individuals with refractive errors .

隐形眼镜位于角膜表面,为有屈光不正的人提供视力矫正。

eardrum [名词]
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耳膜

Ex: Infections or trauma to the eardrum can cause pain , hearing loss , and fluid accumulation in the middle ear .

耳膜的感染或创伤可能导致疼痛、听力损失和中耳积液。

trunk [名词]
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躯干

Ex: In humans , the trunk provides essential support and flexibility , enabling various movements such as bending , twisting , and reaching .

在人类中,躯干提供了必要的支撑和灵活性,使弯曲、扭转和伸展等各种动作成为可能。

abdomen [名词]
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腹部

Ex: She felt a fluttering sensation in her abdomen , a telltale sign of nervousness before her big presentation .

在她重要的演讲之前,她感到腹部有一种颤动的感觉,这是紧张的明显迹象。

bile [名词]
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胆汁

Ex: The greenish-yellow color of bile is due to the presence of bilirubin , a waste product from the breakdown of red blood cells .

胆汁的黄绿色是由于胆红素的存在,胆红素是红细胞分解的废物。

bladder [名词]
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膀胱

Ex: The doctor examined the patient for bladder infections .

医生检查了病人的膀胱感染情况。

gland [名词]
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腺体

Ex:

唾液产生唾液,有助于食物的消化。

pancreas [名词]
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胰腺

Ex: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that are released into the small intestine to break down carbohydrates , proteins , and fats .

胰腺产生消化酶,这些酶被释放到小肠中以分解碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪。

spleen [名词]
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脾脏

Ex: The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood , removing old or damaged red blood cells , and helping to fight infections .

脾脏在过滤血液、清除老旧或受损的红细胞以及帮助抵抗感染方面起着至关重要的作用。

colon [名词]
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结肠

Ex: The colon plays a crucial role in forming feces by compacting waste material and eliminating it from the body through the rectum .

结肠通过压实废物并通过直肠将其从体内排出,在形成粪便中起着至关重要的作用。

bowel [名词]
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Ex:

纤维有助于保持规律的肠道运动并预防便秘。

pelvis [名词]
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骨盆

Ex:

骨盆为脊柱提供支撑并将上半身与下肢连接起来,作为姿势和运动的基础。

womb [名词]
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子宫

Ex: The doctor performed an ultrasound to monitor the growth and development of the baby in the womb .

医生进行了超声波检查以监测子宫内婴儿的生长发育。

cervix [名词]
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子宫颈

Ex: The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina , playing a crucial role in childbirth and menstruation .

宫颈是子宫的下部,连接阴道,在分娩和月经中起着至关重要的作用。

uterus [名词]
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子宫

Ex: Endometrial tissue lines the uterus and sheds during menstruation .

子宫内膜组织覆盖子宫并在月经期间脱落。

ovary [名词]
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卵巢

Ex: Each month , the ovaries release an egg during ovulation , which may then be fertilized by sperm .

每个月,卵巢在排卵期间释放一个卵子,然后可能被精子受精。

urethra [名词]
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尿道

Ex: In males , the urethra also serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation .

在男性中,尿道在射精时也作为精液的通道。

renal [形容词]
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肾脏的

Ex: A diet low in sodium can help prevent renal damage .

低钠饮食有助于预防肾脏损伤。

intestinal [形容词]
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肠的

Ex: Intestinal parasites , such as worms or protozoa , can cause digestive problems and nutritional deficiencies .

肠道寄生虫,如蠕虫或原生动物,可引起消化问题和营养缺乏。

canine [名词]
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犬齿

Ex: I accidentally bit my lip with my canines .

我不小心用犬齿咬到了嘴唇。

antibody [名词]
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抗体

Ex: Vaccines help your body make antibodies to prevent infections .

疫苗帮助你的身体制造抗体来预防感染。

bone marrow [名词]
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骨髓

Ex: Red bone marrow , located in the flat bones and the ends of long bones , produces red blood cells , white blood cells , and platelets .

位于扁平骨和长骨末端的红骨髓产生红细胞、白细胞和血小板。