Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First) - Hukum & Kejahatan

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Kartu flash

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to arrest

[kata kerja]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

menangkap

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .Pihak berwenang saat ini sedang **menangkap** tersangka di TKP.

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burglar

[Kata benda]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

pencuri, maling

Ex: The burglar was caught on surveillance cameras , making it easy for the police to identify and arrest him .**Pencuri** itu tertangkap kamera pengawas, memudahkan polisi untuk mengidentifikasi dan menangkapnya.

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cell

[Kata benda]

a very small enclosed space in which a prisoner is kept

sel, penjara

Ex: He spent hours alone in his cell, contemplating his actions and their consequences .Dia menghabiskan berjam-jam sendirian di **selnya**, merenungkan tindakannya dan konsekuensinya.

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to charge

[kata kerja]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

menuduh, mengadili

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .Saat ini, tim hukum **menuduh** individu yang terlibat dalam skandal korupsi.

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to commit a crime

[frasa]

to do something that is against the law

Ex: They were sentenced to prison for committing a serious crime.

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court

[Kata benda]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

pengadilan, mahkamah

Ex: The Supreme Court's decision set a legal precedent.Keputusan **Pengadilan** Agung menetapkan preseden hukum.

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criminal

[Kata benda]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

kriminal, penjahat

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .**Penjahat** itu mengaku merampok bank.

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detective

[Kata benda]

a person, especially a police officer, whose job is to investigate and solve crimes and catch criminals

detektif, penyelidik

Ex: The police department asked the detective to reveal the identity of the culprit .Departemen kepolisian meminta **detektif** untuk mengungkap identitas pelakunya.

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DNA

[Kata benda]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, asam deoksiribonukleat

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .**DNA** berisi instruksi untuk membangun protein dalam tubuh.

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evidence

[Kata benda]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

bukti, keterangan

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .**Bukti** sangat meyakinkan dan juri dengan cepat mencapai putusan, menghukum terdakwa atas semua tuduhan.

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to fine

[kata kerja]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

menghukum denda, memberikan denda

Ex: He was fined for littering in a public area .Dia **didenda** karena membuang sampah di area publik.

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fingerprint

[Kata benda]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

sidik jari, bekas jari

Ex: Fingerprint evidence played a crucial role in convicting the perpetrator of the murder.Bukti **sidik jari** memainkan peran penting dalam menghukum pelaku pembunuhan.

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fine

[Kata benda]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

denda, sanksi

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .Hakim menjatuhkan **denda** pada perusahaan karena pelanggaran lingkungan.

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forensic

[Adjektiva]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

forensik, kriminalistik

Ex: The detective relied on forensic evidence to solve the case .Detektif mengandalkan bukti **forensik** untuk memecahkan kasus.

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guilty

[Adjektiva]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

bersalah, bertanggung jawab

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .Juri menemukan terdakwa **bersalah** atas kejahatan berdasarkan bukti yang diajukan.

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innocent

[Adjektiva]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

tidak bersalah, suci

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .Pengemudi yang **tidak bersalah** tidak bersalah atas kecelakaan mobil yang disebabkan oleh kelalaian pengemudi lain.

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jury

[Kata benda]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

juri, panel juri

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .**Juri** terdiri dari individu-individu dari berbagai profesi dan latar belakang.

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to kidnap

[kata kerja]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

menculik, menyandera

Ex: She was terrified when she realized that they intended to kidnap her .Dia ketakutan ketika menyadari bahwa mereka bermaksud untuk **menculiknya**.

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offense

[Kata benda]

any act that is against a law

pelanggaran, kejahatan

Ex: He was arrested for a minor offense, but was released with a warning .Dia ditangkap karena **pelanggaran** kecil, tetapi dibebaskan dengan peringatan.

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penalty

[Kata benda]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

hukuman, denda

Ex: He was given a penalty for breaking the terms of his contract .Dia diberikan **hukuman** karena melanggar ketentuan kontraknya.

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pickpocket

[Kata benda]

a criminal who steals money or other goods from people's pockets or bags

pencopet, pencuri

Ex: He had to cancel his credit cards after a pickpocket took his wallet during the festival .Dia harus membatalkan kartu kreditnya setelah seorang **pencopet** mengambil dompetnya selama festival.

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proof

[Kata benda]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

bukti, keterangan

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .Dia menawarkan **bukti** pembayarannya dengan menunjukkan tanda terima dari transaksi tersebut.

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punishment

[Kata benda]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

hukuman, sanksi

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .Dia menerima **hukumannya** tanpa keluhan.

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robbery

[Kata benda]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

perampokan, pencurian

Ex: The jewelry store was hit by a robbery in broad daylight , with expensive items stolen .Toko perhiasan itu menjadi korban **perampokan** di siang bolong, dengan barang-barang mahal dicuri.

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to sentence

[kata kerja]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

menjatuhkan hukuman

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .Setelah persidangan, hakim dengan hati-hati **menjatuhkan hukuman** kepada pembunuh yang dihukum.

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to shoplift

[kata kerja]

to steal goods from a store by secretly taking them without paying

mencuri dari toko, mengutil

Ex: The employee noticed the man shoplifting and immediately called the police .Karyawan itu melihat pria itu **mencuri di toko** dan segera memanggil polisi.

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to steal

[kata kerja]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

mencuri, mengambil tanpa izin

Ex: While we were at the party , someone was stealing valuables from the guests .Saat kami berada di pesta, seseorang sedang **mencuri** barang berharga dari para tamu.

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suspect

[Kata benda]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

tersangka

Ex: Despite being a suspect, he insisted he was innocent until proven guilty .**Meskipun menjadi seorang tersangka**, dia bersikeras bahwa dia tidak bersalah sampai terbukti bersalah.

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suspicious

[Adjektiva]

not conforming to the expected or usual pattern, giving rise to doubt or concern

mencurigakan, meragukan

Ex: A suspicious noise came from the dark alley .Suara **mencurigakan** datang dari gang gelap.

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to take somebody or something to court

[frasa]

to start a legal process against someone or something to resolve a dispute

Ex: He took the matter to court to resolve the ongoing property dispute with his neighbor.

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thief

[Kata benda]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

pencuri, maling

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .**Pencuri** itu mencoba melarikan diri melalui gang, tetapi polisi dengan cepat mengepungnya.

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to trace

[kata kerja]

to find someone or something, often by following a series of clues or evidence

melacak, menelusuri

Ex: The investigators recently traced the counterfeit money to a local printing shop .Para penyelidik baru-baru ini **melacak** uang palsu ke sebuah percetakan lokal.

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trial

[Kata benda]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

pengadilan, persidangan

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .Pengacara mempersiapkan diri secara ekstensif untuk **persidangan**, mengumpulkan semua dokumen yang diperlukan dan pernyataan saksi.

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regulation

[Kata benda]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

peraturan, regulasi

Ex: Environmental regulations limit the amount of pollutants that factories can release into the air and water .**Peraturan** lingkungan membatasi jumlah polutan yang dapat dilepaskan pabrik ke udara dan air.

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requirement

[Kata benda]

a necessary condition that has to be fulfilled

persyaratan, kondisi yang diperlukan

Ex: Submitting the application on time is a strict requirement.Mengirimkan aplikasi tepat waktu adalah **persyaratan** ketat.

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system

[Kata benda]

a procedure or process for obtaining an objective