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캠브리지 영어: FCE (B2 First) - 법률 및 범죄

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Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First)
to arrest
[동사]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

체포하다

체포하다

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .당국은 현재 범죄 현장에서 용의자를 **체포**하고 있습니다.
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burglar
[명사]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

강도, 도둑

강도, 도둑

Ex: The burglar was caught on surveillance cameras , making it easy for the police to identify and arrest him .**도둑**은 감시 카메라에 잡혀 경찰이 그를 쉽게 식별하고 체포할 수 있었습니다.
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cell
[명사]

a very small enclosed space in which a prisoner is kept

감방, 독방

감방, 독방

Ex: He spent hours alone in his cell, contemplating his actions and their consequences .그는 자신의 **감방**에서 혼자 시간을 보내며 자신의 행동과 그 결과를 생각했습니다.
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to charge
[동사]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

기소하다, 고발하다

기소하다, 고발하다

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .현재 법무 팀은 부패 스캔들에 연루된 개인들을 **기소**하고 있습니다.
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to do something that is against the law

Ex: They were sentenced to prison for committing a serious crime.
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court
[명사]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

법원, 재판소

법원, 재판소

Ex: The Supreme Court's decision set a legal precedent.대법원의 결정은 법적 **선례**를 만들었습니다.
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criminal
[명사]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

범죄자, 크리미널

범죄자, 크리미널

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .**범죄자**는 은행 강도를 자백했다.
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detective
[명사]

a person, especially a police officer, whose job is to investigate and solve crimes and catch criminals

탐정, 수사관

탐정, 수사관

Ex: The police department asked the detective to reveal the identity of the culprit .경찰 부서는 **탐정**에게 범죄자의 신원을 밝히라고 요청했습니다.
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DNA
[명사]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, 디옥시리보핵산

DNA, 디옥시리보핵산

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .**DNA**는 신체에서 단백질을 구성하는 지침을 포함하고 있습니다.
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evidence
[명사]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

증거,  증언

증거, 증언

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .**증거**는 압도적이었고, 배심원은 빠르게 판결을 내려 피고를 모든 혐의에 대해 유죄로 판결했다.
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to fine
[동사]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

벌금을 물리다, 과태료를 부과하다

벌금을 물리다, 과태료를 부과하다

Ex: He was fined for littering in a public area .그는 공공장소에 쓰레기를 버린 혐의로 **벌금을 물었다**.
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fingerprint
[명사]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

지문, 손가락 자국

지문, 손가락 자국

Ex: Fingerprint evidence played a crucial role in convicting the perpetrator of the murder.**지문** 증거는 살인 범죄자를 유죄 판결하는 데 결정적인 역할을 했습니다.
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fine
[명사]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

벌금, 과태료

벌금, 과태료

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .판사는 환경 위반으로 회사에 **벌금**을 부과했습니다.
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forensic
[형용사]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

법의학의, 범죄 과학의

법의학의, 범죄 과학의

Ex: The detective relied on forensic evidence to solve the case .탐정은 사건을 해결하기 위해 **법의학적** 증거에 의존했습니다.
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guilty
[형용사]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

유죄의, 책임 있는

유죄의, 책임 있는

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .배심원은 제시된 증거를 바탕으로 피고인을 범죄로 **유죄**로 판결했다.
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innocent
[형용사]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

무죄의, 결백한

무죄의, 결백한

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .다른 운전자의 과실로 발생한 자동차 사고에서 **무고한** 운전자는 과실이 없었습니다.
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jury
[명사]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

배심원, 배심원 패널

배심원, 배심원 패널

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .**배심원**은 다양한 직업과 배경을 가진 개인들로 구성되었습니다.
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to kidnap
[동사]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

납치하다, 유괴하다

납치하다, 유괴하다

Ex: She was terrified when she realized that they intended to kidnap her .그녀는 그들이 그녀를 **납치**하려고 한다는 것을 깨달았을 때 공포에 질렸다.
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offense
[명사]

any act that is against a law

위반, 범죄

위반, 범죄

Ex: He was arrested for a minor offense, but was released with a warning .그는 경미한 **범죄**로 체포되었지만, 경고와 함께 석방되었다.
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penalty
[명사]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

벌금, 제재

벌금, 제재

Ex: He was given a penalty for breaking the terms of his contract .그는 계약 조건을 위반한 대가로 **벌금**을 물었다.
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pickpocket
[명사]

a criminal who steals money or other goods from people's pockets or bags

소매치기, 도둑

소매치기, 도둑

Ex: He had to cancel his credit cards after a pickpocket took his wallet during the festival .축제 동안 **소매치기**가 지갑을 훔친 후 그는 신용 카드를 취소해야 했다.
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proof
[명사]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

증거, 증명

증거, 증명

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .그녀는 거래 영수증을 보여줌으로써 지불에 대한 **증거**를 제시했다.
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punishment
[명사]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

처벌, 벌

처벌, 벌

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .그는 불평 없이 **처벌**을 받아들였다.
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robbery
[명사]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

강도, 도둑질

강도, 도둑질

Ex: The jewelry store was hit by a robbery in broad daylight , with expensive items stolen .보석점은 대낮에 **강도**를 당해 값비싼 물건들이 도난당했다.
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to sentence
[동사]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

판결을 내리다

판결을 내리다

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .재판 후, 판사는 유죄 판결을 받은 살인자를 신중하게 **선고했습니다**.
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to shoplift
[동사]

to steal goods from a store by secretly taking them without paying

가게에서 물건을 훔치다, 상점에서 절도하다

가게에서 물건을 훔치다, 상점에서 절도하다

Ex: The employee noticed the man shoplifting and immediately called the police .직원은 남자가 **가게에서 물건을 훔치는 것**을 알아차리고 즉시 경찰을 불렀다.
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to steal
[동사]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

훔치다, 도둑질하다

훔치다, 도둑질하다

Ex: While we were at the party , someone was stealing valuables from the guests .우리가 파티에 있는 동안, 누군가가 손님들로부터 귀중품을 **훔치고** 있었습니다.
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suspect
[명사]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

용의자

용의자

Ex: Despite being a suspect, he insisted he was innocent until proven guilty .**용의자임에도 불구하고**, 그는 유죄가 입증될 때까지 무죄라고 주장했다.
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suspicious
[형용사]

not conforming to the expected or usual pattern, giving rise to doubt or concern

의심스러운, 수상한

의심스러운, 수상한

Ex: A suspicious noise came from the dark alley .어두운 골목에서 **수상한** 소리가 들렸다.
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to start a legal process against someone or something to resolve a dispute

Ex: He took the matter to court to resolve the ongoing property dispute with his neighbor.
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thief
[명사]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

도둑, 절도범

도둑, 절도범

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .**도둑**이 골목길로 도망치려 했지만, 경찰이 그를 재빨리 몰아붙였다.
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to trace
[동사]

to find someone or something, often by following a series of clues or evidence

추적하다, 따라가다

추적하다, 따라가다

Ex: The investigators recently traced the counterfeit money to a local printing shop .수사관들은 최근 위조 지폐를 지역 인쇄소까지 **추적**했습니다.
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trial
[명사]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

재판, 공판

재판, 공판

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .변호사는 **재판**을 위해 광범위하게 준비했으며, 필요한 모든 문서와 증인 진술을 모았다.
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regulation
[명사]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

규정, 규제

규정, 규제

Ex: Environmental regulations limit the amount of pollutants that factories can release into the air and water .환경 **규제**는 공장이 공기와 물에 배출할 수 있는 오염 물질의 양을 제한합니다.
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requirement
[명사]

a necessary condition that has to be fulfilled

요구 사항, 필수 조건

요구 사항, 필수 조건

Ex: Submitting the application on time is a strict requirement.신청서를 제시간에 제출하는 것은 엄격한 **요구 사항**입니다.
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system
[명사]

a procedure or process for obtaining an objective

시스템, 절차

시스템, 절차

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to forbid
[동사]

to not give permission typically through the use of authority, rules, etc.

금지하다,  막다

금지하다, 막다

Ex: The law forbids smoking in public places like restaurants and bars .법은 레스토랑과 바 같은 공공장소에서의 흡연을 **금지합니다**.
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캠브리지 영어: FCE (B2 First)
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