Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First) - Droit & Crime

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to arrest

[verbe]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrêter

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .Les autorités **arrêtent** actuellement des suspects sur les lieux du crime.

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burglar

[nom]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

cambrioleur, voleur

Ex: The burglar was caught on surveillance cameras , making it easy for the police to identify and arrest him .Le **cambrioleur** a été pris sur les caméras de surveillance, ce qui a facilité l'identification et l'arrestation par la police.

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cell

[nom]

a very small enclosed space in which a prisoner is kept

cellule

Ex: He spent hours alone in his cell, contemplating his actions and their consequences .Il a passé des heures seul dans sa **cellule**, à contempler ses actions et leurs conséquences.

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to charge

[verbe]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

inculper

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .En ce moment, l'équipe juridique **accuse** les individus impliqués dans le scandale de corruption.

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to commit a crime

[Phrase]

to do something that is against the law

Ex: They were sentenced to prison for committing a serious crime.

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court

[nom]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

tribunal, cour

Ex: The Supreme Court's decision set a legal precedent.La décision de la **Cour** suprême a établi un précédent juridique.

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criminal

[nom]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminel, criminelle

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .Le **criminel** a avoué avoir volé la banque.

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detective

[nom]

a person, especially a police officer, whose job is to investigate and solve crimes and catch criminals

inspecteur, inspectrice

Ex: The police department asked the detective to reveal the identity of the culprit .Le département de police a demandé au **détective** de révéler l'identité du coupable.

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DNA

[nom]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

ADN

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .L'**ADN** contient les instructions pour construire les protéines dans le corps.

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evidence

[nom]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

preuve, témoignage

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .Les **preuves** étaient accablantes et le jury a rapidement rendu un verdict, condamnant l'accusé sur tous les chefs d'accusation.

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to fine

[verbe]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

donner une amende à, donner une contravention à

Ex: He was fined for littering in a public area .Il a été **condamné à une amende** pour avoir jeté des déchets dans un lieu public.

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fingerprint

[nom]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

empreinte

Ex: Fingerprint evidence played a crucial role in convicting the perpetrator of the murder.Les preuves **d'empreintes digitales** ont joué un rôle crucial dans la condamnation de l'auteur du meurtre.

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fine

[nom]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

amende, contravention

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .Le juge a imposé une **amende** à l'entreprise pour violations environnementales.

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forensic

[Adjectif]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

de juriste, médico-légal

Ex: The detective relied on forensic evidence to solve the case .Le détective s'est appuyé sur des preuves **forensiques** pour résoudre l'affaire.

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guilty

[Adjectif]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

coupable

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .Le jury a trouvé l'accusé **coupable** du crime sur la base des preuves présentées.

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innocent

[Adjectif]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

innocent

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .Le conducteur **innocent** n'était pas en faute pour l'accident de voiture causé par la négligence de l'autre conducteur.

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jury

[nom]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

jury

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .Le **jury** était composé de personnes de différentes professions et origines.

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to kidnap

[verbe]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

kidnapper, enlever

Ex: She was terrified when she realized that they intended to kidnap her .Elle était terrifiée quand elle a réalisé qu'ils avaient l'intention de **kidnapper**.

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offense

[nom]

any act that is against a law

$délit, infraction$

délit, infraction

Ex: He was arrested for a minor offense, but was released with a warning .Il a été arrêté pour une **infraction** mineure, mais a été libéré avec un avertissement.

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penalty

[nom]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

pénalité

Ex: He was given a penalty for breaking the terms of his contract .Il a reçu une **pénalité** pour avoir enfreint les termes de son contrat.

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pickpocket

[nom]

a criminal who steals money or other goods from people's pockets or bags

voleur à la tire, voleuse à la tire, pickpocket

Ex: He had to cancel his credit cards after a pickpocket took his wallet during the festival .Il a dû annuler ses cartes de crédit après qu'un **pickpocket** lui ait volé son portefeuille pendant le festival.

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proof

[nom]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

preuve

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .Elle a fourni une **preuve** de son paiement en montrant le reçu de la transaction.

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punishment

[nom]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

punition

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .Il a accepté son **châtiment** sans se plaindre.

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robbery

[nom]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

vol

Ex: The jewelry store was hit by a robbery in broad daylight , with expensive items stolen .Le magasin de bijoux a été victime d'un **vol** en plein jour, avec des articles coûteux volés.

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to sentence

[verbe]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

condamner

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .Après le procès, le juge a soigneusement **condamné** le meurtrier reconnu coupable.

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to shoplift

[verbe]

to steal goods from a store by secretly taking them without paying

voler à l’étalage

Ex: The employee noticed the man shoplifting and immediately called the police .L'employé a remarqué l'homme en train de **voler à l'étalage** et a immédiatement appelé la police.

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to steal

[verbe]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

voler

Ex: While we were at the party , someone was stealing valuables from the guests .Pendant que nous étions à la fête, quelqu'un **volait** des objets de valeur aux invités.

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suspect

[nom]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

suspect, suspecte

Ex: Despite being a suspect, he insisted he was innocent until proven guilty .**Malgré le fait d'être un suspect**, il a insisté sur le fait qu'il était innocent jusqu'à preuve du contraire.

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suspicious

[Adjectif]

not conforming to the expected or usual pattern, giving rise to doubt or concern

suspect, douteux

Ex: A suspicious noise came from the dark alley .Un bruit **suspect** venait de la ruelle sombre.

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to take somebody or something to court

[Phrase]

to start a legal process against someone or something to resolve a dispute

Ex: He took the matter to court to resolve the ongoing property dispute with his neighbor.

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thief

[nom]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

voleur, voleuse

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .Le **voleur** a tenté de s'échapper par l'allée, mais la police l'a rapidement coincé.

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to trace

[verbe]

to find someone or something, often by following a series of clues or evidence

suivre

Ex: The investigators recently traced the counterfeit money to a local printing shop .Les enquêteurs ont récemment **retracé** la fausse monnaie jusqu'à une imprimerie locale.

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trial

[nom]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

procès

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .L'avocat s'est préparé intensément pour le **procès**, rassemblant tous les documents nécessaires et les déclarations des témoins.

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regulation

[nom]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

règle, regulations, réglementation

Ex: Environmental regulations limit the amount of pollutants that factories can release into the air and water .Les **règlementations** environnementales limitent la quantité de polluants que les usines peuvent rejeter dans l'air et l'eau.

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requirement

[nom]

a necessary condition that has to be fulfilled

exigence

Ex: Submitting the application on time is a strict requirement.Soumettre la demande à temps est une **exigence** stricte.

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system

[nom]

a procedure or process for obtaining an objective

système, procédure

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to forbid

[verbe]

to not give permission typically through the use of authority, rules, etc.

défendre à, interdire à

Ex: The law forbids smoking in public places like restaurants and bars .La loi **interdit** de fumer dans les lieux publics comme les restaurants et les bars.

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Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First)

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