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Engleză Cambridge: FCE (B2 First) - Lege și Crimă

Învață vocabularul FCE pentru drept și criminalitate, inclusiv infracțiuni, poliție, instanțe, pedepse, drepturi, proceduri legale și situații comune legate de criminalitate.

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Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First)
to arrest
to arrest
[verb]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

aresta

aresta

Ex: Law enforcement agencies may arrest individuals suspected of drug trafficking. 
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burglar
burglar
[substantiv]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

hoț, spărgător

hoț, spărgător

Ex: The burglar broke into the house through the back door while the family was asleep upstairs. 

Burghezul a intrat în casă prin ușa din spate în timp ce familia dormea la etaj.

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cell
cell
[substantiv]

a very small enclosed space in which a prisoner is kept

celulă, temniță

celulă, temniță

Ex: She peered through the bars of her cell, hoping for a glimpse of the outside world. 
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to charge
to charge
[verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

acuză, inculpa

acuză, inculpa

Ex: Law enforcement officers may charge individuals with trespassing if they enter restricted areas. 
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to [commit] a crime

to do something that is against the law

Ex: He committed a crime when he drove without a license. 
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court
court
[substantiv]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

tribunal, curte

tribunal, curte

Ex: As a witness in the trial, Sarah was required to testify under oath and answer questions posed by the attorneys in the court. 
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criminal
criminal
[substantiv]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal, delincvent

criminal, delincvent

Ex: The criminal was sentenced to five years in prison. 
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detective
detective
[substantiv]

a police officer whose job is to investigate crimes and gather evidence about them

detectiv

detectiv

Ex: The detective questioned several witnesses after the robbery. 
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DNA
DNA
[substantiv]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

ADN, acidul dezoxiribonucleic

ADN, acidul dezoxiribonucleic

Ex: Each DNA molecule is made up of two strands that form a double helix shape. 
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evidence
evidence
[substantiv]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

dovadă,  probă

dovadă, probă

Ex: Fingerprints on the weapon served as key evidence in proving the defendant's involvement in the crime. 
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to fine
to fine
[verb]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

amenda, a aplica o amendă

amenda, a aplica o amendă

Ex: The airline was fined for overbooking flights and causing significant delays. 
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fingerprint
fingerprint
[substantiv]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

amprentă digitală, urmă digitală

amprentă digitală, urmă digitală

Ex: Detectives found a clear fingerprint on the window sill, leading to the identification of the burglar. 

Detectivii au găsit o amprentă digitală clară pe pervazul ferestrei, ceea ce a condus la identificarea spărgătorului.

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fine
fine
[substantiv]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

amendă, sancțiune

amendă, sancțiune

Ex: The restaurant was fined for health code violations discovered during an inspection. 
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forensic
forensic
[adjectiv]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

criminalistic, medicolegal

criminalistic, medicolegal

Ex: The forensic team collected DNA, fingerprint, and fiber evidence from the crime scene. 

Echipa criminalistică a colectat probe ADN, amprente digitale și fibre de la locul crimei.

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guilty
guilty
[adjectiv]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

vinovat, responsabil

vinovat, responsabil

Ex: He pleaded guilty to the charges in court. 

El a pledat vinovat la acuzațiile în instanță.

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innocent
innocent
[adjectiv]

not guilty of a crime, offense, or wrongdoing

nevinovat,  nevinovată

nevinovat, nevinovată

Ex: The jury found Emma innocent of all charges. 
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jury
jury
[substantiv]

a group of people chosen to hear the evidence in a court case and reach a verdict

juriu,  jurați

juriu, jurați

Ex: The jury found the defendant not guilty. 
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to kidnap
to kidnap
[verb]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

răpi, sechestra

răpi, sechestra

Ex: The criminals planned to kidnap the CEO's daughter for a ransom. 

Criminanții au plănuit să răpească fiica CEO-ului pentru o răscumpărare.

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offense
offense
[substantiv]

any act that is against a law

infracțiune, delict

infracțiune, delict

Ex: The driver received a ticket for a traffic offense. 
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penalty
penalty
[substantiv]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

pedeapsă, sancțiune

pedeapsă, sancțiune

Ex: The penalty for committing a crime can vary depending on the severity of the offense. 
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pickpocket
pickpocket
[substantiv]

a criminal who steals money or other goods from people's pockets or bags

hoț de buzunare, pungas

hoț de buzunare, pungas

Ex: The pickpocket skillfully removed the wallet from the tourist’s pocket without being noticed. 

Hoțul de buzunare a scos abil portofelul din buzunarul turistului fără a fi observat.

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proof
proof
[substantiv]

evidence that establishes or strongly demonstrates that something is true or exists

dovadă,  probă

dovadă, probă

Ex: The police found no proof that Daniel had entered the building. 
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punishment
punishment
[substantiv]

the act or process of making someone suffer a consequence for wrongdoing

pedeapsă,  pedepsire

pedeapsă, pedepsire

Ex: The teacher believed that punishment should be fair and consistent. 
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robbery
robbery
[substantiv]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

jaf, furt

jaf, furt

Ex: The bank was the target of a robbery, with the thieves escaping with a large sum of money. 

Banca a fost ținta unei jafuri, cu hoții care au scăpat cu o sumă mare de bani.

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to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

condamna

condamna

Ex: The court will sentence the individual convicted of fraud next week. 
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to shoplift

to steal goods from a store by secretly taking them without paying

fura din magazin, comite furt din magazine

fura din magazin, comite furt din magazine

Ex: The teenager was caught shoplifting cosmetics from a local department store. 

Adolescentul a fost prins furând cosmetice dintr-un magazin local.

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to steal
to steal
[verb]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

fura, șterpeli

fura, șterpeli

Ex: Yesterday, someone stole my lunch from the office fridge. 
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suspect
suspect
[substantiv]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

suspect

suspect

Ex: The main suspect in the robbery was seen fleeing the area on camera. 
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suspicious
suspicious
[adjectiv]

not conforming to the expected or usual pattern, giving rise to doubt or concern

suspect, dubios

suspect, dubios

Ex: Her unusually quiet demeanor at the party was suspicious to her close friends. 

Comportamentul ei neobișnuit de liniștit la petrecere a fost suspect pentru prietenii ei apropiați.

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to [take] {sb/sth} to court

to start a legal process against someone or something to resolve a dispute

Ex: They took their former business partner to court over a breach of contract. 
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thief
thief
[substantiv]

a person who steals something that belongs to someone else

hoț,  hoață

hoț, hoață

Ex: The thief stole Emma's wallet while she was boarding the bus. 
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to trace
to trace
[verb]

to find someone or something, often by following a series of clues or evidence

urmări, găsi

urmări, găsi

Ex: The archaeologist frequently traces ancient civilizations through the study of artifacts. 
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trial
trial
[substantiv]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

proces, judecată

proces, judecată

Ex: She was nervous about her upcoming trial and hoped the jury would believe her innocence. 
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regulation
regulation
[substantiv]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

regulament, reglementare

regulament, reglementare

Ex: Financial regulations aim to ensure fair and transparent practices in the banking industry. 
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requirement
requirement
[substantiv]

an activity or action that must be performed

cerință, obligație

cerință, obligație

Ex: The job has a training requirement. 
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system
system
[substantiv]

a procedure or process for obtaining an objective

sistem, procedură

sistem, procedură

Ex: We developed a system for checking every order before shipping. 
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to forbid
to forbid
[verb]

to order or officially state that someone must not do something or that something must not happen

interzice,  opri

interzice, opri

Ex: The school forbids students from using phones during exams. 
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