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انگلیسی کمبریج: FCE (B2 First) - قانون و جرم

Learn FCE vocabulary for law and crime, including offenses, police, courts, punishment, rights, legal procedures, and common crime-related situations.

مرور

فلش‌کارت‌ها

صورت‌ها

املای کلمه

آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Cambridge English: FCE (B2 First)
to arrest
to arrest
[فعل]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

دستگیر کردن, بازداشت کردن

دستگیر کردن, بازداشت کردن

Ex: Police arrested two people after the incident. 
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burglar
burglar
[اسم]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

دزد

دزد

Ex: Police caught the burglar trying to escape with the stolen goods, and he was arrested on the spot. 

پلیس دزد را در حال فرار با کالاهای دزدیده شده گرفت و او در محل دستگیر شد.

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cell
cell
[اسم]

a very small enclosed space in which a prisoner is kept

سلول (زندان)

سلول (زندان)

Ex: The prisoner was confined to a small cell. 
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to charge
to charge
[فعل]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

متهم کردن

متهم کردن

Ex: Police charged him with assault. 
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to [commit] a crime
to commit a crime
[عبارت]

to do something that is against the law

Ex: The group committed many crimes over the years before being arrested. 
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court
court
[اسم]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

دادگاه

دادگاه

Ex: He appeared in court to answer the charges. 
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criminal
criminal
[اسم]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

مجرم, جانی

مجرم, جانی

Ex: The criminal was sentenced to several years in prison. 
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detective
detective
[اسم]

a police officer whose job is to investigate crimes and gather evidence about them

کارآگاه پلیس, مأمور آگاهی

کارآگاه پلیس, مأمور آگاهی

Ex: Police assigned an experienced detective to investigate the murder. 
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DNA
DNA
[اسم]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

دی‌ان‌ای, دئوکسی ریبو نوکلئیک اسید

دی‌ان‌ای, دئوکسی ریبو نوکلئیک اسید

Ex: DNA contains the instructions needed for growth and development. 
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evidence
evidence
[اسم]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

مدرک, شهادت

مدرک, شهادت

Ex: The lawyer submitted the document as evidence. 
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to fine
to fine
[فعل]

to make someone pay a sum of money as punishment for violation of the law

جریمه کردن

جریمه کردن

Ex: The airline was fined for overbooking flights and causing significant delays. 
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fingerprint
fingerprint
[اسم]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

اثر انگشت

اثر انگشت

Ex: Forensic experts lifted several fingerprints from the crime scene for analysis. 

کارشناسان پزشکی قانونی چند اثر انگشت را از صحنه جرم برای تجزیه و تحلیل برداشتند.

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fine
fine
[اسم]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

جریمه

جریمه

Ex: The restaurant was fined for health code violations discovered during an inspection. 
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forensic
forensic
[صفت]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

قانونی

قانونی

Ex: Forensic analysis of the ballistics from the shooting helped prosecutors reconstruct what happened. 

تجزیه و تحلیل جنایی بالیستیک تیراندازی به دادستان‌ها کمک کرد تا آنچه اتفاق افتاده را بازسازی کنند.

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guilty
guilty
[صفت]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

گناهکار, مجرم، مقصر

گناهکار, مجرم، مقصر

Ex: Being found guilty of fraud led to severe consequences for the businessman. 

متهم شدن به جرم کلاهبرداری عواقب شدیدی برای تاجر داشت.

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innocent
innocent
[صفت]

not guilty of a crime, offense, or wrongdoing

بی‌گناه, بی‌تقصیر

بی‌گناه, بی‌تقصیر

Ex: Daniel insisted that he was innocent. 
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jury
jury
[اسم]

a group of people chosen to hear the evidence in a court case and reach a verdict

هیئت منصفه, هیات منصفه

هیئت منصفه, هیات منصفه

Ex: Maria was selected to serve on a jury for a criminal trial. 
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to kidnap
to kidnap
[فعل]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

آدم‌ربایی کردن

آدم‌ربایی کردن

Ex: The investigation revealed a plot to kidnap a government official for political motives. 

تحقیقات یک توطئه برای ربودن یک مقام دولتی با انگیزه‌های سیاسی را آشکار کرد.

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offense
offense
[اسم]

any act that is against a law

تخلف, تخطی

تخلف, تخطی

Ex: Driving without a valid license is an offense. 
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penalty
penalty
[اسم]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

مجازات, جریمه

مجازات, جریمه

Ex: The company faced a penalty for violating safety regulations. 
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pickpocket
pickpocket
[اسم]

a criminal who steals money or other goods from people's pockets or bags

جیب‌بر

جیب‌بر

Ex: She realized too late that a pickpocket had stolen her phone while she was on the subway. 

او خیلی دیر متوجه شد که یک جیببر هنگام سوار بودن به مترو تلفنش را دزدیده است.

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proof
proof
[اسم]

evidence that establishes or strongly demonstrates that something is true or exists

مدرک, اثبات

مدرک, اثبات

Ex: Emma kept the receipt as proof of purchase. 
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punishment
punishment
[اسم]

the act or process of making someone suffer a consequence for wrongdoing

مجازات, تنبیه

مجازات, تنبیه

Ex: Kevin admitted what he had done because he wanted to avoid further punishment. 
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robbery
robbery
[اسم]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

سرقت, دزدی

سرقت, دزدی

Ex: The convenience store installed security cameras to deter robbery attempts. 

فروشگاه، دوربین‌های امنیتی نصب کرد تا از تلاش‌های سرقت جلوگیری کند.

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to sentence
to sentence
[فعل]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

محکوم کردن

محکوم کردن

Ex: The judge sentenced him to five years in prison. 
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to shoplift
to shoplift
[فعل]

to steal goods from a store by secretly taking them without paying

کِش رفتن (از فروشگاه و مغازه), دزدی کردن (از فروشگاه و مغازه)

کِش رفتن (از فروشگاه و مغازه), دزدی کردن (از فروشگاه و مغازه)

Ex: The employee noticed the man shoplifting and immediately called the police. 

کارمند متوجه مردی شد که از مغازه دزدی می‌کرد و بلافاصله پلیس را خبر کرد.

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to steal
to steal
[فعل]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

دزدیدن

دزدیدن

Ex: Someone stole my bicycle from outside the store. 
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suspect
suspect
[اسم]

someone who is believed to be guilty of an offence

مظنون

مظنون

Ex: The police arrested the suspect after matching his fingerprints. 
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suspicious
suspicious
[صفت]

not conforming to the expected or usual pattern, giving rise to doubt or concern

مشکوک و غیر منتظره

مشکوک و غیر منتظره

Ex: A suspicious noise came from the dark alley. 

صدای مشکوکی از کوچه تاریک آمد.

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to [take] {sb/sth} to court

to start a legal process against someone or something to resolve a dispute

علیه کسی شکایت حقوقی کردن

علیه کسی شکایت حقوقی کردن

Ex: She decides to take her landlord to court for refusing to make necessary repairs. 
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thief
thief
[اسم]

a person who steals something that belongs to someone else

دزد, سارق

دزد, سارق

Ex: Police caught the thief leaving the store with several stolen phones. 
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to trace
to trace
[فعل]

to find someone or something, often by following a series of clues or evidence

رد چیزی یا کسی را پیدا کردن

رد چیزی یا کسی را پیدا کردن

Ex: Police traced the call to an apartment downtown. 
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trial
trial
[اسم]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

محاکمه

محاکمه

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified. 
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regulation
regulation
[اسم]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

قانون, دستور, مقرره

قانون, دستور, مقرره

Ex: The new regulations require all vehicles to undergo annual emissions testing. 
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requirement
requirement
[اسم]

an activity or action that must be performed

شرط, پیش‌نیاز، مقتضیات

شرط, پیش‌نیاز، مقتضیات

Ex: Attendance is a basic requirement of the program. 
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system
system
[اسم]

a procedure or process for obtaining an objective

سیستم, روش

سیستم, روش

Ex: She uses a simple system to manage her daily tasks. 
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to forbid
to forbid
[فعل]

to order or officially state that someone must not do something or that something must not happen

منع کردن, قدغن کردن

منع کردن, قدغن کردن

Ex: Sarah's parents forbade her to stay out after midnight. 
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