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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9) - 病気と症状

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な病気や症状に関連する英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
palpitation
[名詞]

a heart beat that is very irregular or too fast

動悸(どうき), パルピテーション

動悸(どうき), パルピテーション

Ex: She kept a diary to track palpitations, noting any triggers or patterns that might help identify the cause .
eczema
[名詞]

a very common skin condition that causes one's skin to become dry, red, itchy, and bumpy

湿疹 (しっしん), エクゼマ

湿疹 (しっしん), エクゼマ

pneumonia
[名詞]

the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult

肺炎(はいえん), 肺の感染(はいのかんせん)

肺炎(はいえん), 肺の感染(はいのかんせん)

Ex: Vaccination against common pathogens , such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza virus , can help pneumonia and reduce its severity if contracted .
frostbite
[名詞]

a serious injury resulting from excessive exposure to severely cold weather or things, causing the freezing of the nose, toes, fingers, etc.

凍傷(とうしょう), 霜傷(そうしょう)

凍傷(とうしょう), 霜傷(そうしょう)

Ex: The doctor explained how to recognize the signs frostbite to avoid serious injury .
catarrh
[名詞]

a medical condition during which mucus accumulates in one's nose, throat, or sinuses and blocks them

カタル, 鼻炎

カタル, 鼻炎

Ex: During the winter months , many people catarrh due to the increased prevalence of respiratory infections .
malaise
[名詞]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

不快感 (ふかいかん), 倦怠感 (けんたいかん)

不快感 (ふかいかん), 倦怠感 (けんたいかん)

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .
contagion
[名詞]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

感染, 伝染病

感染, 伝染病

Ex: Despite their efforts , contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .
malady
[名詞]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

病気 (びょうき), 疾患 (しっかん)

病気 (びょうき), 疾患 (しっかん)

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .
congestion
[名詞]

a condition where an excess amount of blood or other fluid accumulates in a part of the body, leading to swelling or discomfort

充血(じゅうけつ), 鬱血(うっけつ)

充血(じゅうけつ), 鬱血(うっけつ)

Ex: During allergy season , many people congestion due to increased pollen in the air .
lesion
[名詞]

a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage through injury, disease, or other causes

病変(びょうへん), 損傷(そんしょう)

病変(びょうへん), 損傷(そんしょう)

Ex: The athlete visited the sports medicine specialist for an evaluation of a lesion sustained during training .
ulcer
[名詞]

a lesion or sore on the skin that might bleed or even produce a poisonous substance

潰瘍(かいよう),  ulcers(アメーバ性潰瘍:あめーばせいかいよう)

潰瘍(かいよう), ulcers(アメーバ性潰瘍:あめーばせいかいよう)

Ex: The endoscopy revealed ulcer in the lining of his esophagus , which explained the persistent burning sensation he felt .
pathogen
[名詞]

any organism that can cause diseases

病原体, 病原菌

病原体, 病原菌

Ex: pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .

a mild state of being unwell, often leading to a temporary inability to perform one's usual activities

不調 (ふちょう), 体調不良 (たいちょうふりょう)

不調 (ふちょう), 体調不良 (たいちょうふりょう)

Ex: The athlete decided to withdraw from the competition due to an indisposition affecting their performance .
bout
[名詞]

a short period during which someone is suffering from an illness

発作, 病気の発作

発作, 病気の発作

Ex: A bout of vertigo caused her to feel dizzy and disoriented , prompting her to sit down and rest .
patient zero
[名詞]

the first person known to have a certain disease, often seen as the starting point of an outbreak

感染源, ゼロ患者

感染源, ゼロ患者

Ex: By patient zero early , authorities can implement effective containment measures to control the spread of the disease .
IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9)
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