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Słownictwo do IELTS Academic (Wynik 5) - Chemistry

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z chemią, które są niezbędne do podstawowego akademickiego egzaminu IELTS.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
atom
atom
[Rzeczownik]

(science) the smallest part of a chemical element that is found in the nature

atom, cząstka elementarna

atom, cząstka elementarna

Ex: The atom is composed of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. 
molecule
molecule
[Rzeczownik]

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

cząsteczka

cząsteczka

Ex: Molecules are made up of two or more atoms bonded together. 
element
element
[Rzeczownik]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

pierwiastek, składnik

pierwiastek, składnik

Ex: Oxygen is an essential element for human respiration. 
ion
ion
[Rzeczownik]

a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons

jon, naładowana cząstka

jon, naładowana cząstka

Ex: Sodium ions (Na⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) combine to form table salt. 
reaction
reaction
[Rzeczownik]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

reakcja

reakcja

Ex: The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen produces water. 
mixture
mixture
[Rzeczownik]

(chemistry) a combination of two or more substances without forming a chemical bond or any chemical reaction

mieszanina

mieszanina

Ex: Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and trace gases. 
acid
acid
[Rzeczownik]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

kwas, substancja kwasowa

kwas, substancja kwasowa

Ex: The lemon juice contains citric acid, which gives it a sour taste and a pH of around 2. 
base
base
[Rzeczownik]

(chemistry) a substance that can accept protons, donate electrons, or release hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

zasada

zasada

Ex: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base used in soap-making. 
gas
gas
[Rzeczownik]

the state of a substance that is neither solid nor liquid

gaz

gaz

Ex: The gas in the balloon expanded as it was heated by the sun. 
liquid
liquid
[Rzeczownik]

a substance such as water that flows freely, unlike a gas or a solid

płyn

płyn

Ex: Water is the most common liquid on Earth, essential for all forms of life. 
solid
solid
[Rzeczownik]

a substance that is firm and has a certain shape, not like gas or liquid

ciało stałe, substancja stała

ciało stałe, substancja stała

Ex: Ice is a solid that maintains its shape until it melts. 
to transition
to transition
[Czasownik]

to make something change from a particular state, condition or position to another

przejść, dokonać przejścia

przejść, dokonać przejścia

Ex: The government transitioned the economy from industrial to service-based. 
pH
pH
[Rzeczownik]

a quantitive mesasure used for determining how acidic or alkanic something is on a scale of 0 to 14

pH

pH

Ex: Lemon juice has a pH of 2, making it highly acidic. 
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