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مفردات لاختبار IELTS Academic (الدرجة 5) - الكيمياء

هنا، سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بالكيمياء والتي هي ضرورية لامتحان IELTS الأكاديمي الأساسي.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
atom
atom
[اسم]

the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element

ذرة,  ذرة

ذرة, ذرة

Ex: Daniel learned about the structure of an atom in chemistry class. 
molecule
molecule
[اسم]

the smallest unit of a substance that can exist independently while retaining its chemical properties

Ex: Scientists created a model showing the structure of the molecule. 
element
element
[اسم]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

عنصر, مكون

عنصر, مكون

Ex: Hydrogen is the simplest element, with only one proton in its nucleus. 
ion
ion
[اسم]

a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons

أيون, جسيم مشحون

أيون, جسيم مشحون

Ex: Water conducts electricity because it contains dissolved ions. 
reaction
reaction
[اسم]

(chemistry) a process in which several chemicals combine and form different substances

تفاعل

تفاعل

Ex: The reaction released heat, indicating it was exothermic. 
mixture
mixture
[اسم]

(chemistry) a combination of two or more substances without forming a chemical bond or any chemical reaction

خليط

خليط

Ex: Oil and water create a mixture that separates when left undisturbed. 
acid
acid
[اسم]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

حمض, مادة حمضية

حمض, مادة حمضية

Ex: The scientist carefully handled the sulfuric acid in the laboratory, aware of its highly corrosive properties. 
base
base
[اسم]

(chemistry) a substance that can accept protons, donate electrons, or release hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

قاعدة

قاعدة

Ex: The base turned red litmus paper blue, confirming its alkalinity. 
gas
gas
[اسم]

the state of a substance that is neither solid nor liquid

غاز

غاز

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. 
liquid
liquid
[اسم]

a substance that flows freely and has a fixed volume but no fixed shape

Ex: Emily wiped up the sticky liquid from the floor. 
solid
solid
[اسم]

a substance that is firm and has a certain shape, not like gas or liquid

صلب, مادة صلبة

صلب, مادة صلبة

Ex: Scientists classified the material as a solid due to its fixed shape. 
to transition

to cause something to change or move from one state, condition, system, or position to another

نقل,  تحويل

نقل, تحويل

Ex: The organization gradually transitioned its operations to renewable energy. 
pH
pH
[اسم]

a numerical measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, based on hydrogen-ion activity

الأس الهيدروجيني,  pH

الأس الهيدروجيني, pH

Ex: The laboratory records the pH of each sample before analysis. 
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