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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 8-9) - Physics

Aici, vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de Fizică care sunt necesare pentru examenul Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
electromagnetism
electromagnetism
[substantiv]

a branch of physics that studies the relationship between electric and magnetic fields, encompassing the electromagnetic force and electromagnetic interactions

electromagnetism, magnetism electric

electromagnetism, magnetism electric

Ex: The study of electromagnetism is integral to understanding the nature of light, electricity, and magnetism in the universe. 
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pneumatics
pneumatics
[substantiv]

a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

pneumatică, sistemul pneumatic

pneumatică, sistemul pneumatic

Ex: Pneumatics is commonly used in industries for operating tools and machinery using compressed air. 
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diffraction
diffraction
[substantiv]

the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves

difracție, difracția undelor

difracție, difracția undelor

Ex: Diffraction of light produces patterns of alternating dark and bright regions when it encounters a narrow slit or passes through an obstacle. 
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string theory
string theory
[substantiv]

a scientific idea that all particles are tiny vibrating strings, not point-like dots, and these vibrations create different particles and forces

teoria corzilor, teoria supercorzilor

teoria corzilor, teoria supercorzilor

Ex: String theory proposes that the basic building blocks of the universe are tiny, vibrating strings rather than point-like particles. 
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quark
quark
[substantiv]

a fundamental particle combining to form protons and neutrons, with fractional electric charge and six flavors

quark, quark (particulă elementară)

quark, quark (particulă elementară)

Ex: Quarks are the smallest known particles, forming the building blocks of protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei. 
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lepton
lepton
[substantiv]

a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos

lepton, particulă elementară cu spin semiîntreg

lepton, particulă elementară cu spin semiîntreg

Ex: Leptons are elementary particles that include electrons, muons, tau particles, and their associated neutrinos. 
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hadron
hadron
[substantiv]

a tiny particle made up of even smaller parts called quarks, like protons and neutrons

hadron, particulă hadronică

hadron, particulă hadronică

Ex: Hadrons are subject to the strong nuclear force, the fundamental interaction that binds quarks together. 
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velocity
velocity
[substantiv]

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

viteză, rapiditate

viteză, rapiditate

Ex: The velocity of an object is the rate of change of its position with respect to time. 
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amplitude
amplitude
[substantiv]

(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position

amplitudine, mărime

amplitudine, mărime

Ex: In physics, amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position. 
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fermion
fermion
[substantiv]

tiny particles that make up matter and have a property called spin, like the building blocks of atoms

fermion, particulă Fermi

fermion, particulă Fermi

Ex: Electrons, which orbit the nucleus of an atom, are examples of fermions. 
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boson
boson
[substantiv]

a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles

boson, particulă cu spin întreg

boson, particulă cu spin întreg

Ex: Photons, particles of light, are examples of bosons that carry the electromagnetic force. 
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centripetal force
centripetal force
[substantiv]

the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle or the axis of rotation, preventing the object from moving in a straight line

forță centripetă, forță îndreptată spre centru

forță centripetă, forță îndreptată spre centru

Ex: When you swing a ball attached to a string in a circular motion, the tension in the string acts as the centripetal force. 
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coulomb
coulomb
[substantiv]

the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second

coulomb, coulombul

coulomb, coulombul

Ex: One coulomb is equivalent to the charge transported by a current of one ampere in one second. 
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doppler effect
doppler effect
[substantiv]

the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave, producing a shift in pitch or color

efectul Doppler, fenomenul Doppler

efectul Doppler, fenomenul Doppler

Ex: The Doppler effect explains why the pitch of an ambulance siren changes as it approaches and then passes by. 
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kinetic energy
kinetic energy
[substantiv]

the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, defined as one-half the mass of the object multiplied by the square of its velocity, expressed by the equation KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

energie cinetică, energie de mișcare

energie cinetică, energie de mișcare

Ex: When a car is in motion, its kinetic energy depends on both its mass and speed. 
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