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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 8-9) - Physics

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în limba engleză legate de fizică care sunt necesare pentru examenul Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
electromagnetism
[substantiv]

a branch of physics that studies the relationship between electric and magnetic fields, encompassing the electromagnetic force and electromagnetic interactions

electromagnetism, electromagnetica

electromagnetism, electromagnetica

Ex: Maxwell 's equations form the foundation of the mathematical framework for electromagnetism.
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pneumatics
[substantiv]

a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

pneumatică, pneumaticii

pneumatică, pneumaticii

Ex: Pneumatics is a key component in the field of fluid power , providing a clean and reliable source of energy for various applications .
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diffraction
[substantiv]

the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves

difracție, difractie

difracție, difractie

Ex: Diffraction effects are commonly observed in photography , influencing the sharpness of images captured through lenses .
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string theory
[substantiv]

a scientific idea that all particles are tiny vibrating strings, not point-like dots, and these vibrations create different particles and forces

teoria strunilor, teoria stringurilor

teoria strunilor, teoria stringurilor

Ex: Despite its theoretical appealstring theory remains a topic of active research and debate within the physics community .
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quark
[substantiv]

a fundamental particle combining to form protons and neutrons, with fractional electric charge and six flavors

quark, quark-ul

quark, quark-ul

Ex: The discovery quarks revolutionized our understanding of the subatomic structure of matter .
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lepton
[substantiv]

a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos

lepton, particulă leptonică

lepton, particulă leptonică

Ex: Experimental studies , such as those in high-energy physics , aim to probe the properties and interactions leptons.
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hadron
[substantiv]

a tiny particle made up of even smaller parts called quarks, like protons and neutrons

hadron, particulă hadronică

hadron, particulă hadronică

Ex: Protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom are examples hadrons.
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velocity
[substantiv]

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

viteza, viteza de deplasare

viteza, viteza de deplasare

Ex: High-velocity winds caused damage to buildings and trees during the storm.
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amplitude
[substantiv]

(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position

amplitudine, mărime

amplitudine, mărime

Ex: In quantum mechanics , amplitude of a wave function describes the probability of finding a particle in a certain position or state .
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fermion
[substantiv]

tiny particles that make up matter and have a property called spin, like the building blocks of atoms

fermion, particulă fermionică

fermion, particulă fermionică

Ex: The Standard Model of particle physics classifies elementary particles into fermions and bosons , fermions being the basic building blocks of matter .
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boson
[substantiv]

a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles

boson, particulă bosonică

boson, particulă bosonică

Ex: Unlike fermionsbosons have integer values of spin and do not follow the Pauli Exclusion Principle .
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centripetal force
[substantiv]

the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle or the axis of rotation, preventing the object from moving in a straight line

forța centripetă, forța de atracție centrală

forța centripetă, forța de atracție centrală

Ex: The Earth 's gravitational pull on the Moon provides centripetal force necessary for the Moon 's orbital motion .
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coulomb
[substantiv]

the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second

coulomb, unitatea de electricitate

coulomb, unitatea de electricitate

Ex: coulomb is an essential unit for quantifying the flow of electric charge in electrical circuits .
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doppler effect
[substantiv]

the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave, producing a shift in pitch or color

efect Doppler, efectul Doppler

efect Doppler, efectul Doppler

Ex: Doppler effect is employed in police radar guns to measure the speed of moving vehicles .
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kinetic energy
[substantiv]

the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, defined as one-half the mass of the object multiplied by the square of its velocity, expressed by the equation KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

energie cinetică, energia cinetică

energie cinetică, energia cinetică

Ex: Heat , which is a form of energy , is related to kinetic energy of particles in motion .
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