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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9) - Physics

Here, you will learn some English words related to Physics that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)

a branch of physics that studies the relationship between electric and magnetic fields, encompassing the electromagnetic force and electromagnetic interactions

Ex: Maxwell 's equations form the foundation of the mathematical framework for electromagnetism.
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a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

Ex: Pneumatics is a key component in the field of fluid power , providing a clean and reliable source of energy for various applications .
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the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves

Ex: Diffraction effects are commonly observed in photography , influencing the sharpness of images captured through lenses .
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a scientific idea that all particles are tiny vibrating strings, not point-like dots, and these vibrations create different particles and forces

Ex: Despite its theoretical appealstring theory remains a topic of active research and debate within the physics community .
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quark
[noun]

a fundamental particle combining to form protons and neutrons, with fractional electric charge and six flavors

Ex: The discovery quarks revolutionized our understanding of the subatomic structure of matter .
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lepton
[noun]

a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos

Ex: Experimental studies , such as those in high-energy physics , aim to probe the properties and interactions leptons.
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hadron
[noun]

a tiny particle made up of even smaller parts called quarks, like protons and neutrons

Ex: Protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom are examples hadrons.
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velocity
[noun]

the speed at which something moves in a specific direction

Ex: High-velocity winds caused damage to buildings and trees during the storm.
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amplitude
[noun]

(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position

Ex: In quantum mechanics , amplitude of a wave function describes the probability of finding a particle in a certain position or state .
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fermion
[noun]

tiny particles that make up matter and have a property called spin, like the building blocks of atoms

Ex: The Standard Model of particle physics classifies elementary particles into fermions and bosons , fermions being the basic building blocks of matter .
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boson
[noun]

a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles

Ex: Unlike fermionsbosons have integer values of spin and do not follow the Pauli Exclusion Principle .
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the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle or the axis of rotation, preventing the object from moving in a straight line

Ex: The Earth 's gravitational pull on the Moon provides centripetal force necessary for the Moon 's orbital motion .
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coulomb
[noun]

the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second

Ex: coulomb is an essential unit for quantifying the flow of electric charge in electrical circuits .
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the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave, producing a shift in pitch or color

Ex: Doppler effect is employed in police radar guns to measure the speed of moving vehicles .
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the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, defined as one-half the mass of the object multiplied by the square of its velocity, expressed by the equation KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

Ex: Heat , which is a form of energy , is related to kinetic energy of particles in motion .
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