Științe Naturale SAT - Geology
Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de geologie, cum ar fi "cutremur", "sediment", "carieră" etc., de care vei avea nevoie pentru a trece de SAT-urile tale.
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a scientist who studies the Earth's structure, composition, processes, and history, including rocks, minerals, fossils, and geological phenomena
geolog, om de știință specializat în geologie
a scientist who specializes in the study of earthquakes and seismic waves, investigating their causes, effects, and patterns
seismolog, specialist în cutremure
the point on the surface of the earth vertically above the focus of an earthquake where its effects are felt most strongly
epicentru, centru
an earthquake caused by underground movement or volcanic activity
cutremur, tremur
a branch of geology that focuses on the study of volcanoes, volcanic activity, and related phenomena
vulcanologie, studiul vulcanilor
the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain
erupție, erupție vulcanică
a type of broad, gently sloping volcano formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basaltic lava
vulcan scut, vulcan de tip scut
a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption
caldera, crater vulcanic
liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature
magmă, rocă topită
particles of rock, minerals, or organic materials that have been transported by wind, water, or ice, and deposited in layers on the Earth's surface
sediment, depozit
a visible exposure of rock or geological strata at the Earth's surface, often occurring on hillsides, cliffs, or other elevated areas, providing insight into the underlying geological structure
aflorament, aflorament rocos
connected with or produced by the heat inside the earth
geotermal, geotermic
a large, bowl-shaped depression or low-lying area on the Earth's surface, typically surrounded by higher landforms and often filled with sedimentary deposits
bazin, depresiune
the thick, buoyant part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents, composed mainly of granitic rocks and less dense than oceanic crust
crustă continentală, coajă continentală
a landmass that existed in the geological past
paleocontinent, continent vechi
a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle
subducție, scufundare
the region of the Earth's interior, lying beneath the crust and extending to the outer core, composed of solid rock that can deform and flow over geological time scales
manta, manta Pământului
a site where large quantities of rock, stone, or minerals are extracted from the Earth's crust for industrial use or construction purposes
carieră, zăcământ
a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, along which there has been significant displacement due to tectonic forces
falie, fractură
solid rock beneath surface materials, forming the Earth's crust foundation
roca mamă, subsolul stâncos
a type of fine-grained sedimentary rock made from compacted clay or mud particles, known for its ability to split into thin layers
șist, argilă
a type of dark, fine-grained igneous rock formed from cooled lava, characterized by its dense composition and typically dark gray to black color
bazalt
a fossilized organism that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found, typically indicative of a particular time period in Earth's geological history
fosilă de index, fosilă de ghid
(geology) the injection of magma into existing rock formations underground
intruziune, injecție magmatică
a method used to determine the age of rocks and minerals by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes present in them
datare radiometrică, datare prin izotopi radioactivi
(of rock) formed from cooled magma or lava
igneus, vulcanic
related to rocks transformed by intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes, altering their mineral composition and texture
metamorfic, de metamorfism
relating to the movement and arrangement of the Earth's crust
tectonic, referitor la mișcarea și aranjarea scoarței terestre
to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting it in a furnace
topi, extrage prin topire
the byproduct of smelting ore that forms a glass-like material, often found as a residue in mining and metalworking activities
zgură, reziduu de topire
the period of time from about 252 to 66 million years ago, characterized by the dominance of dinosaurs and the gradual breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea
mezozoic, era secundară
a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications
granit, piatră de granit
a tough type of rock that starts as sandstone but changes under intense heat and pressure underground, becoming very hard and durable
cuarțit, un tip de rocă rezistentă care începe ca gresie
a type of rock formed from clay minerals that have been compressed and hardened over time, creating a dense and often smooth-textured material
argilit, roca argiloasă
a mineral with a greenish hue, commonly found in igneous rocks like basalt and peridotite, known for its high magnesium and iron content
olivină, peridot
a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material
calcar, piatră de var
a group of minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, typically dark in color and composed of silica, magnesium, and iron
piroxen, un grup de minerale găsite în roci ignee și metamorfice
a soft, white clay mineral formed from the weathering of aluminum-rich rocks, used widely in ceramics, paper production, and as a filler in some medications
caolinit, argilă caolinitică
a group of minerals that are the most abundant components in the Earth's crust, known for their hardness and varied colors, often used in ceramics and glassmaking
feldspat, feldspat
