Естественные Науки SAT - Geology
Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с геологией, такие как «temblor», «sediment», «karry» и т. д., которые вам понадобятся для сдачи экзаменов SAT.
Обзор
Флэш-карточки
Правописание
Тест
a scientist who studies the Earth's structure, composition, processes, and history, including rocks, minerals, fossils, and geological phenomena
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геолог
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a scientist who specializes in the study of earthquakes and seismic waves, investigating their causes, effects, and patterns
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сейсмолог
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the point on the surface of the earth vertically above the focus of an earthquake where its effects are felt most strongly
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эпицентр
an earthquake caused by underground movement or volcanic activity
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землетрясение, сейсмическое событие
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a branch of geology that focuses on the study of volcanoes, volcanic activity, and related phenomena
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вулканология
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a type of broad, gently sloping volcano formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basaltic lava
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щитовой вулкан, вулкан щитового типа
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a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption
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кальдера, кальдера вулкана
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liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature
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магма
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particles of rock, minerals, or organic materials that have been transported by wind, water, or ice, and deposited in layers on the Earth's surface
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осадок, осадочные вещества
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a visible exposure of rock or geological strata at the Earth's surface, often occurring on hillsides, cliffs, or other elevated areas, providing insight into the underlying geological structure
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выступ, обнажение
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a large, bowl-shaped depression or low-lying area on the Earth's surface, typically surrounded by higher landforms and often filled with sedimentary deposits
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бассейн, впадина
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the thick, buoyant part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents, composed mainly of granitic rocks and less dense than oceanic crust
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континентальная кора, континентная кора
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a landmass that existed in the geological past
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палеоконтинент, древний континент
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a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle
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субдукция, тектоническая субдукция
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the region of the Earth's interior, lying beneath the crust and extending to the outer core, composed of solid rock that can deform and flow over geological time scales
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мантия
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a site where large quantities of rock, stone, or minerals are extracted from the Earth's crust for industrial use or construction purposes
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карьер, добыча
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a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, along which there has been significant displacement due to tectonic forces
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разлом, зона разлома
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solid rock beneath surface materials, forming the Earth's crust foundation
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основная порода, материнская порода
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a type of fine-grained sedimentary rock made from compacted clay or mud particles, known for its ability to split into thin layers
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сланец
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a type of dark, fine-grained igneous rock formed from cooled lava, characterized by its dense composition and typically dark gray to black color
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базальт
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a fossilized organism that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found, typically indicative of a particular time period in Earth's geological history
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определяющий ископаемое, индексное ископаемое
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(geology) the injection of magma into existing rock formations underground
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интрузия, ввод магмы
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a method used to determine the age of rocks and minerals by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes present in them
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радиометрическое датирование, метод радиометрического датирования
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related to rocks transformed by intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes, altering their mineral composition and texture
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метаморфный, связанный с метаморфозой
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to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting it in a furnace
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расплавлять металл
the byproduct of smelting ore that forms a glass-like material, often found as a residue in mining and metalworking activities
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шлака, тяжелая шахтная порода
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the period of time from about 252 to 66 million years ago, characterized by the dominance of dinosaurs and the gradual breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea
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мезозой
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a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications
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гранит, природный гранит
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a tough type of rock that starts as sandstone but changes under intense heat and pressure underground, becoming very hard and durable
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кварцит
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a type of rock formed from clay minerals that have been compressed and hardened over time, creating a dense and often smooth-textured material
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аргиллит
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a mineral with a greenish hue, commonly found in igneous rocks like basalt and peridotite, known for its high magnesium and iron content
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оливин, минерал оливин
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a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material
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известняк
a group of minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, typically dark in color and composed of silica, magnesium, and iron
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пироксен
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a soft, white clay mineral formed from the weathering of aluminum-rich rocks, used widely in ceramics, paper production, and as a filler in some medications
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каолин
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