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Список Слов Уровня C2 - Human Body

Здесь вы узнаете все основные слова для разговора о человеческом теле, собранные специально для учащихся уровня C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
trachea
trachea
[существительное]

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

трахея

трахея

Ex: The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube-like structure that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass in and out of the lungs. 
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larynx
larynx
[существительное]

(anatomy) the hollow organ in the throat that contains the vocal cords and provides an air passage to the lungs

гортань

гортань

Ex: The larynx, commonly known as the voice box, is located at the top of the trachea and houses the vocal cords. 
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taste bud
taste bud
[существительное]

any of the group of sensory cells that are mainly on the tongue, making one recognize different tastes

вкусовая почка

вкусовая почка

Ex: Taste buds are sensory organs located on the tongue and other parts of the mouth that allow us to perceive different tastes. 
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incisor
incisor
[существительное]

(anatomy) any of the eight narrow-edged teeth at the front of the mouth that are used for biting

резец

резец

Ex: He accidentally chipped one of his incisors while playing sports. 
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enamel
enamel
[существительное]

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

эмаль

эмаль

Ex: Enamel is the hard outer layer of the teeth that protects them from decay and damage. 
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phlegm
phlegm
[существительное]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

мокрота

мокрота

Ex: The common cold often causes an increase in phlegm production, leading to congestion and coughing. 
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sinus
sinus
[существительное]

an air-filled cavity, especially within the bones of the skull

синус

синус

Ex: He suffered from inflammation of the maxillary sinus. 
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lobe
lobe
[существительное]

(anatomy) a rounded part of an organ, such as, lungs or brain that seems to be separate in some way from the rest

доля

доля

Ex: The brain is divided into different lobes, each responsible for specific functions such as sensory perception, motor control, and language processing. 
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cortex
cortex
[существительное]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

кора мозга

кора мозга

Ex: The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, memory, and perception. 
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iris
iris
[существительное]

(anatomy) the round colored portion of the eye around the pupil and behind the cornea

ирис

ирис

Ex: The iris is the colored part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering the pupil. 
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retina
retina
[существительное]

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

сетчатка

сетчатка

Ex: The retina is the innermost layer of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells responsible for detecting light and initiating visual signals. 
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cornea
cornea
[существительное]

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

роговица

роговица

Ex: The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped layer covering the front of the eye, responsible for refracting light rays to focus images onto the retina. 
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eardrum
eardrum
[существительное]

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

барабанная перепонка

барабанная перепонка

Ex: The eardrum, also known as the tympanic membrane, vibrates in response to sound waves entering the ear canal. 
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trunk
trunk
[существительное]

the body of an animal or human, except the limbs and head

туловище

туловище

Ex: The trunk of the human body includes the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, housing vital organs such as the heart, lungs, liver, and intestines. 
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bile
bile
[существительное]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

жёлчь

жёлчь

Ex: Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. 
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pancreas
pancreas
[существительное]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

поджелудочная железа

поджелудочная железа

Ex: The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach that plays a crucial role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. 
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spleen
spleen
[существительное]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

селезенка

селезенка

Ex: The spleen is an organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen, beneath the ribcage, and is part of the lymphatic system. 
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colon
colon
[существительное]

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

толстая кишка

толстая кишка

Ex: The colon, also known as the large intestine, is the final portion of the digestive tract responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from undigested food matter. 
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pelvis
pelvis
[существительное]

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

таз

таз

Ex: The pelvis is a bony structure located at the base of the spine, consisting of the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx. 
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cervix
cervix
[существительное]

(anatomy) the narrow outer opening of the womb or uterus of a female

шейка матки

шейка матки

Ex: During a pelvic examination, the doctor will inspect the cervix for any abnormalities or signs of infection. 
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urethra
urethra
[существительное]

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

мочеиспускательный канал

мочеиспускательный канал

Ex: The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body during urination. 
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bone marrow
bone marrow
[существительное]

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

костный мозг

костный мозг

Ex: Bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue found within the cavities of bones, responsible for producing blood cells. 
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esophagus
esophagus
[существительное]

a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, allowing for the passage of food and liquids during digestion

пищевод

пищевод

Ex: The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, allowing food and liquids to pass from the mouth to the stomach for digestion. 
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epidermis
epidermis
[существительное]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the skin that overlays the dermis

эпидермис

эпидермис

Ex: The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin that provides a protective barrier for the body. 
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Achilles tendon
Achilles tendon
[существительное]

a tendon in the leg that attaches the muscles of the calf to the bone of the heel

Ахиллово сухожилие

Ахиллово сухожилие

Ex: The Achilles tendon connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, playing a crucial role in walking, running, and jumping. 
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femur
femur
[существительное]

(anatomy) the longest bone in the top part of the human leg between the hip and the knee

бедренная кость

бедренная кость

Ex: The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, extending from the hip to the knee. 
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scapula
scapula
[существительное]

(anatomy) each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the humerus to the clavicle

лопатка

лопатка

Ex: The scapula, commonly known as the shoulder blade, is a flat, triangular bone located in the upper back that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collarbone). 
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renal
renal
[прилагательное]

relating to the kidneys or their function

почечный

почечный

Ex: He underwent renal testing to assess his kidney function. 
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intestinal
intestinal
[прилагательное]

relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body

кишечный

кишечный

Ex: Intestinal bacteria play a crucial role in digestion and nutrient absorption in the intestines. 
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canine
canine
[существительное]

(anatomy) any of the four pointed teeth that are between the incisors and premolars, used for tearing food

клык

клык

Ex: The canines help us tear and bite into food. 
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