pattern

Lista Słówek Poziomu C2 - Human Body

Tutaj nauczysz się wszystkich niezbędnych słów potrzebnych do mówienia o ludzkim ciele, zebranych specjalnie dla uczniów na poziomie C2.

review-disable

Przegląd

flashcard-disable

Fiszki

spelling-disable

Pisownia

quiz-disable

Test

Zacznij naukę
CEFR C2 Vocabulary
trachea
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the membranous tube in the body that carries air from the throat to the bronchi

tchawica, droga oddechowa

tchawica, droga oddechowa

Ex: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure in which a hole is created in trachea to bypass an obstruction or assist with breathing .
larynx
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the hollow organ in the throat that contains the vocal cords and provides an air passage to the lungs

krtań, głośnia

krtań, głośnia

Ex: The muscles of larynx play a crucial role in controlling the pitch and volume of the voice during speech .
taste bud
[Rzeczownik]

any of the group of sensory cells that are mainly on the tongue, making one recognize different tastes

kubek smakowy, brodawka smakowa

kubek smakowy, brodawka smakowa

Ex: Some people have more sensitive taste buds than others, allowing them to detect subtle differences in flavor more easily.
incisor
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) any of the eight narrow-edged teeth at the front of the mouth that are used for biting

siekiery, zęby sieczne

siekiery, zęby sieczne

Ex: The orthodontist recommended braces to correct the misalignment of incisors.
enamel
[Rzeczownik]

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

szkliwo, emalia

szkliwo, emalia

Ex: Enamel can be damaged by excessive brushing, grinding teeth, or trauma to the mouth.
phlegm
[Rzeczownik]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

flegma, śluz

flegma, śluz

Ex: Over-the-counter medications may help to phlegm production and alleviate symptoms of congestion and coughing .
sinus
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) any hollow tract in the bones of the face or the skull that is connected to the nasal cavities

zatoka, zatoka przynosowa

zatoka, zatoka przynosowa

Ex: The frontal sinuses are located above the eyes, and inflammation in this area can cause headaches and discomfort in the forehead.
lobe
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) a rounded part of an organ, such as, lungs or brain that seems to be separate in some way from the rest

płat, lobus

płat, lobus

Ex: The liver is divided into lobes , with the right lobe being larger than the lobe.
cortex
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the anterior part of the brain, called cerebrum, containing gray matter

kora mózgowa, kora

kora mózgowa, kora

Ex: The cortex, located in the parietal lobe , receives and processes sensory information from the skin , muscles , and joints .
iris
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the round colored portion of the eye around the pupil and behind the cornea

tęczówka, irys

tęczówka, irys

Ex: Abnormalities in the iris, such as heterochromia or anisocoria, can be indicative of underlying eye conditions or neurological disorders.
retina
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the sensory membrane at the back of the eye that transmits light signals to the brain through optic nerves

siatkówka, błona siatkówkowa

siatkówka, błona siatkówkowa

Ex: retina undergoes continuous renewal , with photoreceptor cells being replaced throughout a person 's life .
cornea
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the transparent layer that covers the outside of the eyeball

rogówka, rogówka oka

rogówka, rogówka oka

Ex: Corneal transplantation, also known as a corneal graft, may be necessary to restore vision in cases of severe corneal damage or disease.
eardrum
[Rzeczownik]

a thin piece of skin in the middle ear that vibrates by sound waves and enables one to hear sounds, also known as tympanic membrane

błona bębenkowa, błona bębenkowa ucha

błona bębenkowa, błona bębenkowa ucha

Ex: Pressure changes during air travel can sometimes cause discomfort or pain in the ears due to unequal pressure on eardrums.
trunk
[Rzeczownik]

the body of an animal or human, except the limbs and head

tułów, korpus

tułów, korpus

Ex: In anatomy , trunk refers to the main part of the body , excluding the head , neck , arms , and legs , where vital organs and major blood vessels are housed .
bile
[Rzeczownik]

a greenish-brown alkaline fluid that is produced by the liver in order to help the body digest fats

żółć, bile

żółć, bile

Ex: After a fatty meal , the gallbladder contracts , bile into the duodenum to facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary fats .
pancreas
[Rzeczownik]

a large gland in the body that produces insulin and glucagon and substances that help the body digest food

trzustka, gruczoł trzustkowy

trzustka, gruczoł trzustkowy

Ex: The islets of Langerhans within pancreas contain beta cells that produce insulin , essential for glucose metabolism and energy production in the body .
spleen
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

śledziona, organ

śledziona, organ

Ex: spleen also serves as a reservoir for platelets and white blood cells , releasing them into circulation as needed to support the immune response .
colon
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum to the rectum, where water is removed from solid waste

okrężnica, jelito grube

okrężnica, jelito grube

Ex: A colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine colon for abnormalities , such as polyps or tumors , and to screen for colorectal cancer .
pelvis
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

miednica, kość miedniczna

miednica, kość miedniczna

Ex: pelvis is a key component of the human skeletal system , providing support and protection to internal organs .
cervix
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the narrow outer opening of the womb or uterus of a female

szyjka macicy, cervix

szyjka macicy, cervix

Ex: In some cases , cervix may be artificially dilated using medication or surgical techniques to facilitate certain medical procedures , such as childbirth or the insertion of an intrauterine device ( IUD ) .
urethra
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the tube in most mammals that carries urine out of the body, which also carries sperm in males

cewka moczowa, uretra

cewka moczowa, uretra

Ex: urethra is surrounded by muscles known as the urethral sphincters , which help control the flow of urine and semen .
bone marrow
[Rzeczownik]

the soft substance that fills the cavities of bones, which is either yellowish and consists of fat cells or reddish and makes blood cells

szpik kostny, rdzeń kostny

szpik kostny, rdzeń kostny

Ex: Diseases such as leukemia and multiple myeloma can affect the production of blood cells in bone marrow, leading to serious health complications .
esophagus
[Rzeczownik]

a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach, allowing for the passage of food and liquids during digestion

przełyk, esophagus

przełyk, esophagus

Ex: A blockage or narrowing of esophagus, called esophageal stricture , can make it difficult or painful to swallow food or liquids .
epidermis
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the outer layer of the skin that overlays the dermis

naskórek, epidermis

naskórek, epidermis

Ex: Tattoos are inked into the dermis layer beneath the outer epidermis.
Achilles tendon
[Rzeczownik]

a tendon in the leg that attaches the muscles of the calf to the bone of the heel

ścięgno Achillesa, ścięgno piętowe

ścięgno Achillesa, ścięgno piętowe

Ex: Stretching and strengthening exercises can help prevent injuries to Achilles tendon by improving flexibility and resilience .
femur
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) the longest bone in the top part of the human leg between the hip and the knee

kość udowa, ud

kość udowa, ud

Ex: femur plays a crucial role in supporting the weight of the body and enabling activities such as walking , running , and jumping .
scapula
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the humerus to the clavicle

łopatka, kość łopatkowa

łopatka, kość łopatkowa

Ex: scapula has several important bony landmarks , including the acromion and the coracoid process , which serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments .
renal
[przymiotnik]

relating to the kidneys or their function

nerkowy, nerkowa

nerkowy, nerkowa

Ex: Renal health is vital for maintaining proper fluid balance and filtering waste from the body .
intestinal
[przymiotnik]

relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body

jelitowy, intestynalny

jelitowy, intestynalny

Ex: Intestinal motility refers to the movement of food and waste through the intestines , regulated by muscular contractions called peristalsis .
canine
[Rzeczownik]

(anatomy) any of the four pointed teeth that are between the incisors and premolars, used for tearing food

kieł, ząb kiełowy

kieł, ząb kiełowy

Ex: Canines are sharper than the other teeth .
LanGeek
Pobierz aplikację LanGeek