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Грамотность на Экзамене ACT - Умственные способности и сбои

Здесь вы узнаете некоторые английские слова, связанные с умственными способностями и неудачами, такие как "безумный", "пренебрежение", "каприз" и т.д., которые помогут вам сдать ACT.

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Essential Vocabulary for ACT
acumen
acumen
[существительное]

sharp judgment and quick decision-making, especially in practical or professional matters

проницательность

проницательность

Ex: Her business acumen helped the company grow quickly. 
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attentiveness
attentiveness
[существительное]

the quality of being alert and paying close attention to things

внимательность, бдительность

внимательность, бдительность

Ex: Her attentiveness in class earned her high grades on exams. 
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vigilance
vigilance
[существительное]

the state or quality of being watchful and attentive, especially to detect potential danger or problems

бдительность, внимательность

бдительность, внимательность

Ex: The security guard's vigilance prevented unauthorized access to the building. 
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inference
inference
[существительное]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

заключение

заключение

Ex: The detective made a crucial inference about the suspect's alibi based on the new evidence. 
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cognition
cognition
[существительное]

the result of a mental processing or understanding

познание

познание

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deduction
deduction
[существительное]

the process of using general rules or ideas to make a specific conclusion

дедукция

дедукция

Ex: The detective used logical deduction to identify the culprit from the available clues. 
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facility
facility
[существительное]

the quality of performing tasks or activities with ease and without difficulty

легкость, умение

легкость, умение

Ex: She played the piano with such facility that it seemed effortless. 
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instinct
instinct
[существительное]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

инстинкт

инстинкт

Ex: The mother bird followed her instinct to build a nest and protect her eggs. 
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intuition
intuition
[существительное]

the ability to understand or know something immediately, without conscious reasoning or evidence

интуиция

интуиция

Ex: She had an intuition that the plan would succeed. 
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genius
genius
[существительное]

an exceptional mental ability or talent that is unique and outstanding

гений, исключительный талант

гений, исключительный талант

Ex: Einstein's genius changed how we understand physics. 
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subconscious
subconscious
[существительное]

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

подсознание

подсознание

Ex: His subconscious kept bringing up memories he had forgotten. 
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aspiration
aspiration
[существительное]

a strong drive or determination to succeed or achieve excellence

стремление

стремление

Ex: Her aspiration pushed her to complete the marathon. 
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ambition
ambition
[существительное]

the will to obtain wealth, power, success, etc.

целеустремленность

целеустремленность

Ex: Fueled by boundless ambition, the young entrepreneur launched her tech startup despite the crowded market. 
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whim
whim
[существительное]

a sudden and impulsive decision or desire that someone has without much thought or reason behind it

прихоть

прихоть

Ex: On a whim, she decided to drive to the beach instead of going to work. 
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competence
competence
[существительное]

the ability to perform tasks effectively and efficiently, demonstrating both physical and intellectual readiness

компетенция

компетенция

Ex: His competence in handling financial matters ensured the company's stability during economic downturns. 
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acuteness
acuteness
[существительное]

a sharp intelligence, able to understand things deeply and quickly

острота, проницательность

острота, проницательность

Ex: His acuteness in math helped him solve problems quickly. 
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initiative
initiative
[существительное]

the willingness to take action and start new things without being prompted or directed

инициативность

инициативность

Ex: Her initiative in organizing the event impressed everyone. 
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precaution
precaution
[существительное]

the tendency or habit of exercising caution and foresight to prevent problems

предосторожность, предусмотрительность

предосторожность, предусмотрительность

Ex: Her precaution saved the team from potential errors. 
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psyche
psyche
[существительное]

the immaterial or nonphysical aspect of a person

душа, психика

душа, психика

Ex: Many cultures believe the psyche survives after death. 
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to recall
to recall
[глагол]

to bring back something from the memory

припоминать

припоминать

Ex: She could recall the details of the conversation with remarkable clarity. 
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to recollect
to recollect
[глагол]

to bring to mind past memories or experiences

вспоминать

вспоминать

Ex: The author's memoir helped readers recollect the historical events of that era. 
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to improvise
to improvise
[глагол]

to create and perform words of a play, music, etc. on impulse and without preparation, particularly because one is forced to do so

импровизировать

импровизировать

Ex: When the actor forgot his lines, he had to improvise to keep the scene going. 
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to beware
to beware
[глагол]

to warn someone to be cautious of a dangerous person or thing

остерегаться

остерегаться

Ex: Beware of the icy conditions on the roads; drive carefully. 
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to distract
to distract
[глагол]

to cause someone to lose their focus or attention from something they were doing or thinking about

отвлекать

отвлекать

Ex: During the important meeting, the constant tapping of a pen began to distract everyone in the room. 
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to familiarize
to familiarize
[глагол]

to make someone acquainted with something

ознакомить, приучать

ознакомить, приучать

Ex: The guide familiarized the tourists with the history of the ancient monument. 
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to foretell
to foretell
[глагол]

to predict or say in advance what will happen in the future

предсказывать

предсказывать

Ex: She said her grandmother had the ability to foretell when someone was about to visit. 
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to foresee
to foresee
[глагол]

to know or predict something before it happens

предвидеть

предвидеть

Ex: Despite all their planning, they didn't foresee the power outage during the event. 
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to heed
to heed
[глагол]

to be attentive to advice or a warning

принимать во внимание

принимать во внимание

Ex: It's important to heed the advice of experienced hikers when trekking in unfamiliar terrain. 
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impressionable
impressionable
[прилагательное]

easily influenced or affected by others or external factors, especially due to a lack of experience or critical judgment

впечатлительный

впечатлительный

Ex: Young children are often impressionable, absorbing ideas and behaviors from their surroundings. 
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impervious
impervious
[прилагательное]

resistant to being affected or damaged by something

непроницаемый

непроницаемый

Ex: His thick skin seemed impervious to criticism. 
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cognizant
cognizant
[прилагательное]

having knowledge or awareness about something

осознающий

осознающий

Ex: She was cognizant of the importance of punctuality in her profession. 
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astute
astute
[прилагательное]

having a clever and practical ability to make wise and effective decisions

проницательный

проницательный

Ex: Having an astute understanding of business, she made shrewd investment decisions. 
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savvy
savvy
[прилагательное]

possessing practical knowledge, expertise, or understanding in a particular domain

опытный, знающий

опытный, знающий

Ex: She is a savvy investor, always knowing when to buy and sell stocks for maximum profit. 
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sagacious
sagacious
[прилагательное]

having keen, farsighted judgment and the ability to discern deeply and wisely

хитроумный

хитроумный

Ex: The sagacious leader quickly identified the root of the problem and implemented effective solutions. 
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shrewd
shrewd
[прилагательное]

having or showing good judgement, especially in business or politics

проницательный

проницательный

Ex: The shrewd businessman knew when to invest and when to hold back, ensuring steady growth for his company. 
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sentient
sentient
[прилагательное]

possessing the ability to experience, feel, or perceive things through the senses

чувствующий

чувствующий

Ex: The robot was designed to mimic human behavior but was not truly sentient. 
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conscious
conscious
[прилагательное]

aware of and responsive to one's surroundings

сознательный

сознательный

Ex: After the fall, she was fully conscious and able to speak. 
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perceptive
perceptive
[прилагательное]

(of a person) able to quickly and accurately understand or notice things due to keen awareness and insight

проницательный

проницательный

Ex: She is very perceptive and notices details others overlook. 
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imaginative
imaginative
[прилагательное]

displaying or having creativity or originality

образный

образный

Ex: The children's imaginative play transformed the living room into a magical kingdom. 
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imprudence
imprudence
[существительное]

the quality of making decisions or taking actions without considering potential risks or consequences

неосторожность

неосторожность

Ex: His imprudence in spending money quickly led to financial troubles. 
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folly
folly
[существительное]

the quality of behaving in a foolish or reckless manner, often without considering the consequences

глупость, безрассудство

глупость, безрассудство

Ex: It was folly to invest all his savings in a risky business venture. 
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trance
trance
[существительное]

a mental state characterized by a fragile consciousness and reduced ability for voluntary action, often resembling a deep sleep

транс, состояние транса

транс, состояние транса

Ex: After hours of intense focus, she slipped into a trance-like state of deep concentration. 
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ignorance
ignorance
[существительное]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

незнание

незнание

Ex: His ignorance of the subject was evident when he gave incorrect answers during the discussion. 
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delusion
delusion
[существительное]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

бред

бред

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delirium
delirium
[существительное]

a state of extreme mental confusion, often accompanied by confused or unclear thoughts or speech

бред

бред

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insanity
insanity
[существительное]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

безумие, психическое расстройство

безумие, психическое расстройство

Ex: Legal defense of insanity is for those unfit for trial due to mental issues. 
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incapacity
incapacity
[существительное]

the lack of intellectual or mental power to do something

неспособность

неспособность

Ex: The student's learning disabilities resulted in an incapacity to grasp mathematical concepts and required additional support in the classroom. 
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hallucination
hallucination
[существительное]

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

галлюцинация, иллюзия

галлюцинация, иллюзия

Ex: Auditory hallucinations may involve hearing voices or sounds that others cannot perceive. 
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fallacy
fallacy
[существительное]

a false idea or belief based on invalid arguments, often one that many people think is true

заблуждение

заблуждение

Ex: The belief that all politicians are corrupt because a few have been involved in scandals is a fallacy, as it relies on a hasty generalization and ignores the many politicians who act with integrity. 
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misconception
misconception
[существительное]

a mistaken or inaccurate belief or understanding about something

заблуждение, неправильное представление

заблуждение, неправильное представление

Ex: There is a common misconception that all snakes are venomous. 
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to neglect
to neglect
[глагол]

to pay little or no attention to something or someone, often leading to issues or problems

пренебрегать, игнорировать

пренебрегать, игнорировать

Ex: The company neglected the warnings about the changing market trends, and now they face financial challenges. 
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to disregard
to disregard
[глагол]

to intentionally ignore or act without concern for something or someone that deserves consideration

игнорировать

игнорировать

Ex: The boss disregarded safety protocols and put workers at risk. 
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to misinterpret
to misinterpret
[глагол]

to understand or explain something incorrectly

неверно истолковывать

неверно истолковывать

Ex: She misinterpreted his words and thought he was upset when he wasn't. 
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to overlook
to overlook
[глагол]

to not notice or see something

игнорировать

игнорировать

Ex: In her haste, she might overlook the important details in the document. 
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oblivious
oblivious
[прилагательное]

lacking conscious awareness of something

не обращающий внимания

не обращающий внимания

Ex: Despite the loud noise, the baby remained oblivious, peacefully sleeping in her crib. 
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deranged
deranged
[прилагательное]

incapable of behaving normally or thinking clearly due to mental illness

душевнобольной

душевнобольной

Ex: His deranged behavior alarmed everyone at the party. 
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insensible
insensible
[прилагательное]

not noticing or caring about something

невосприимчивый, равнодушный

невосприимчивый, равнодушный

Ex: Despite the noise, he remained insensible to the commotion outside. 
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naive
naive
[прилагательное]

lacking experience, wisdom, or understanding about the world, often resulting in being overly trusting or easily deceived

наивный, простодушный

наивный, простодушный

Ex: The naive approach to software development led to significant bugs in the program. 
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