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سی ٹو سطح کی الفاظ کی فہرست - ارضیات

یہاں آپ ارضیات کے بارے میں بات کرنے کے لیے تمام ضروری الفاظ سیکھیں گے، خاص طور پر سطح C2 سیکھنے والوں کے لیے جمع کیے گئے ہیں۔

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سیکھنا شروع کریں
CEFR C2 Vocabulary
tectonics

the scientific study of the Earth's lithosphere and the processes that shape its structure, including the movement of tectonic plates, earthquakes, and volcanic activity

ٹیکٹونکس

ٹیکٹونکس

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plate

a large, rigid section of the Earth's lithosphere that moves, leading to geological activity like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

پلیٹ ٹیکٹونکس

پلیٹ ٹیکٹونکس

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fissure

(in geology) a narrow break or crack that partially divides a rock or surface without completely separating it

دراڑ

دراڑ

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subduction

a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle

subduction

subduction

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isostasy

the gravitational balance between Earth's rigid lithosphere and the underlying, semi-fluid asthenosphere, influencing variations in surface elevation

isostasy

isostasy

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lithosphere

the Earth's rigid outer layer, made up of the crust and upper mantle, and divided into tectonic plates

لیتھوسفیر

لیتھوسفیر

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asthenosphere

a layer of semi-fluid rock beneath the Earth's crust that allows tectonic plates to move

asthenosphere

asthenosphere

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karst

a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks, characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems

کارسٹ

کارسٹ

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orogeny

the geological process of mountain building, usually occurring due to the collision or convergence of tectonic plates

اوروجنی

اوروجنی

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geode

a hollow rock with a cavity inside, lined with crystals or mineral material, formed through natural processes and often valued for its aesthetic qualities

جیوڈ

جیوڈ

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kimberlite

a volcanic rock that often contains diamonds, formed during explosive eruptions from the Earth's mantle, and is of particular interest in diamond exploration and mining

کمبرلائٹ

کمبرلائٹ

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glaciation

the geological process involving the expansion and movement of glaciers, shaping landscapes through erosion, deposition, and the formation of distinctive glacial landforms

برفانی دور

برفانی دور

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moraine

a deposit of rocks, sediment, and glacial material left by a moving glacier, forming distinctive landforms along its edges or terminus

مورین

مورین

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drumlin

a streamlined, elongated hill formed by glacial action, with a teardrop shape and the steeper end facing the direction of ice movement

ڈرملن

ڈرملن

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caldera

a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption

کیلڈیرا

کیلڈیرا

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diagenesis

the physical and chemical changes occurring in sediments between their deposition and their consolidation into sedimentary rock

diagenesis

diagenesis

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metamorphism

a complete change in the form and structure of a rock as a result of heat and pressure

میٹامورفزم (ارضیات)

میٹامورفزم (ارضیات)

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sedimentation

the process by which particles settle out of a liquid or gas due to gravity, forming a sediment layer

تلچھٹ

تلچھٹ

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faulting

the movement or displacement along a fracture in the Earth's crust, resulting from tectonic forces, which can lead to earthquakes

غلطی کی تحریک

غلطی کی تحریک

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aquifer

a layer of rock or sediment that stores and transmits groundwater

aquifer

aquifer

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concretion

a hard lump or mass formed in sedimentary rock by natural cementing processes

چٹانوں کے اندر معدنیات کا سخت، کمپیکٹ ماس بنتا ہے۔

چٹانوں کے اندر معدنیات کا سخت، کمپیکٹ ماس بنتا ہے۔

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pluton

a large body of igneous rock formed beneath the Earth's surface from magma that has cooled and solidified

باتھولتھ

باتھولتھ

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folding

(in geology) the bending or deformation of rock layers due to compressional forces

پتھر کی تہوں میں موڑنا جو زمین کے دباؤ کی وجہ سے ہوتا ہے۔

پتھر کی تہوں میں موڑنا جو زمین کے دباؤ کی وجہ سے ہوتا ہے۔

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lahar

a fast-moving mixture of volcanic ash, debris, and water

آتش فشاں کی ڈھلوان پر تباہ کن مٹی کا بہاؤ

آتش فشاں کی ڈھلوان پر تباہ کن مٹی کا بہاؤ

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subsidence

the process during which a building or piece of land sinks to a lower level or to the ground

کمی

کمی

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intrusion

(geology) the injection of magma into existing rock formations underground

آگنیس مداخلت

آگنیس مداخلت

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matrix

(geology) the fine-grained material surrounding larger rock fragments or grains within a sedimentary rock

ایک چٹان میں بڑے ٹکڑوں کے گرد باریک تلچھٹ

ایک چٹان میں بڑے ٹکڑوں کے گرد باریک تلچھٹ

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igneous

(of rock) formed from cooled magma or lava

آگنیس چٹان

آگنیس چٹان

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