C2 Ordlista - Geologi
Här kommer du att lära dig alla viktiga ord för att prata om geologi, samlade specifikt för elever på nivå C2.
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the scientific study of the Earth's lithosphere and the processes that shape its structure, including the movement of tectonic plates, earthquakes, and volcanic activity
tektonik
a large, rigid section of the Earth's lithosphere that moves, leading to geological activity like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
plattektonik
(in geology) a narrow break or crack that partially divides a rock or surface without completely separating it
spricka
a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle
subduktion
the gravitational balance between Earth's rigid lithosphere and the underlying, semi-fluid asthenosphere, influencing variations in surface elevation
isostasi
the Earth's rigid outer layer, made up of the crust and upper mantle, and divided into tectonic plates
litosfären
a layer of semi-fluid rock beneath the Earth's crust that allows tectonic plates to move
astenosfären
a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks, characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems
karst
the geological process of mountain building, usually occurring due to the collision or convergence of tectonic plates
orogenesis
a hollow rock with a cavity inside, lined with crystals or mineral material, formed through natural processes and often valued for its aesthetic qualities
geode
a volcanic rock that often contains diamonds, formed during explosive eruptions from the Earth's mantle, and is of particular interest in diamond exploration and mining
kimberlit
the geological process involving the expansion and movement of glaciers, shaping landscapes through erosion, deposition, and the formation of distinctive glacial landforms
istid
a deposit of rocks, sediment, and glacial material left by a moving glacier, forming distinctive landforms along its edges or terminus
morän
a streamlined, elongated hill formed by glacial action, with a teardrop shape and the steeper end facing the direction of ice movement
drumlin
a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption
kalderan
the physical and chemical changes occurring in sediments between their deposition and their consolidation into sedimentary rock
diagenes
a complete change in the form and structure of a rock as a result of heat and pressure
metamorfism (geologi)
the process by which particles settle out of a liquid or gas due to gravity, forming a sediment layer
avlagring
the movement or displacement along a fracture in the Earth's crust, resulting from tectonic forces, which can lead to earthquakes
felrörelse
a layer of rock or sediment that stores and transmits groundwater
akvifer
a hard lump or mass formed in sedimentary rock by natural cementing processes
hård, kompakt massa av mineraler som bildas i bergarter
a large body of igneous rock formed beneath the Earth's surface from magma that has cooled and solidified
batholith
(in geology) the bending or deformation of rock layers due to compressional forces
böjning i berglager som orsakas av jordens tryck
a fast-moving mixture of volcanic ash, debris, and water
destruktivt lerflöde på sluttningarna av en vulkan
the process during which a building or piece of land sinks to a lower level or to the ground
sättningar
(geology) the injection of magma into existing rock formations underground
magmatisk intrång
(geology) the fine-grained material surrounding larger rock fragments or grains within a sedimentary rock
fint sediment som omger större fragment i en sten