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Cambridge IELTS 16 - الأكاديمي - اختبار 1 - القراءة - المقطع 2

تعلّم المفردات من Cambridge IELTS 16 Academic، Test 1 Reading Passage 2، وراجع الكلمات والتعبيرات المفيدة من هذا النص القرائي.

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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic
heading
heading
[اسم]

a short title placed above a section of text to indicate what it is about

عنوان,  رأس الموضوع

عنوان, رأس الموضوع

Ex: Each chapter begins with a large heading. 
artifact
artifact
[اسم]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

قطعة أثرية, شيء من صنع الإنسان

قطعة أثرية, شيء من صنع الإنسان

Ex: This artifact, a beautifully carved statue, was a significant find that helped date the historical site. 

هذا الأثر، وهو تمثال منحوت بشكل جميل، كان اكتشافًا مهمًا ساعد في تأريخ الموقع التاريخي.

pyramid
pyramid
[اسم]

a stone monument built in ancient Egypt usually as a tomb for the pharaohs, which has a triangular or square base that slopes up to the top

هرم, نصب هرمي

هرم, نصب هرمي

Ex: The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. 

الهرم الأكبر بالجيزة هو أحد عجائب الدنيا السبع في العالم القديم.

certainty
certainty
[اسم]

a fact or event that is certain to be true or happen

يقين,  يقين

يقين, يقين

Ex: She treated his promotion as a certainty rather than a possibility. 
definite
definite
[صفة]

expressed with clarity and precision, leaving no doubt as to the meaning or intention

محدد, واضح

محدد, واضح

Ex: She gave a definite answer about attending the meeting. 
overview
overview
[اسم]

a broad, general summary that covers the main aspects or features of a subject

نظرة عامة, ملخص

نظرة عامة, ملخص

Ex: The brochure included an overview of the services offered by the hotel. 

تضمنت الكتيب نظرة عامة على الخدمات التي يقدمها الفندق.

external
external
[صفة]

related to the outer layer or structure of something

خارجي, ظاهري

خارجي, ظاهري

Ex: Doctors examined the external parts of the ear. 
burial
burial
[اسم]

the act of burying a dead body or the ceremony in which a dead body is buried

دفن, جنازة

دفن, جنازة

Ex: Archaeologists discovered an ancient burial site near the river. 
remains
remains
[اسم]

surviving parts or traces of buildings, objects, or other things from the distant past

بقايا,  آثار

بقايا, آثار

Ex: Researchers studied the remains of an ancient road beneath the field. 
monument
monument
[اسم]

a structure, statue, or other object built to commemorate a person or important event

Ex: Flowers were placed at the monument during the memorial ceremony. 
enormous
enormous
[صفة]

extremely large in physical dimensions

هائل, ضخم

هائل, ضخم

Ex: The tree in their backyard was enormous, providing shade for the entire garden. 

كانت الشجرة في حديقتهم الخلفية ضخمة، توفر الظل للحديقة بأكملها.

grand
grand
[صفة]

magnificent in size and appearance

مهيب, رائع

مهيب, رائع

Ex: They attended a grand banquet in a massive dining hall. 
tribute
tribute
[اسم]

something said, done, or given to show respect, admiration, or gratitude

تكريم,  تحية

تكريم, تحية

Ex: Daniel paid tribute to his parents for supporting him throughout his education. 
dynasty
dynasty
[اسم]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

سلالة

سلالة

Ex: The Romanov Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty to rule Russia. 

كانت سلالة رومانوف آخر سلالة إمبراطورية تحكم روسيا.

reign
reign
[اسم]

the period during which a particular monarch rules

عهد

عهد

Ex: Historians have written extensively about the emperor's reign. 
tomb
tomb
[اسم]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

قبر, ضريح

قبر, ضريح

Ex: Historians studied the artifacts found in the tomb for clues about the past. 

درس المؤرخون القطع الأثرية الموجودة في القبر للحصول على أدلة عن الماضي.

passage
passage
[اسم]

a route, path, or corridor that allows movement from one place to another

ممر, ممر

ممر, ممر

Ex: They cleared the passage through the dense forest. 
deceased
deceased
[صفة]

referring to a person who has recently died

المتوفى, الراحل

المتوفى, الراحل

Ex: The deceased patient's medical records were reviewed to understand the circumstances of their death. 

تم مراجعة السجلات الطبية للمريض المتوفى لفهم ظروف وفاته.

official
official
[اسم]

a person who holds a position of authority or responsibility in an organization or government

مسؤول, رسمي

مسؤول, رسمي

Ex: The government appointed a new official to oversee the program. 
to conceive
to conceive
[فعل]

to form or develop an idea, plan, or concept in the mind

يتصور,  يفكر

يتصور, يفكر

Ex: Researchers are conceiving new methods for storing renewable energy. 
to stack
to stack
[فعل]

to arrange things in an orderly pile, one on top of another

كوّم,  رصّ

كوّم, رصّ

Ex: Michael stacked the firewood under a covered shelter. 
slab
slab
[اسم]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

لوح, بلاطة

لوح, بلاطة

scholar
scholar
[اسم]

a person who has extensive knowledge of or conducts serious study in a particular academic subject

Ex: She is a visiting scholar at a university in Tokyo. 
to attribute
to attribute
[فعل]

to relate or assign a feature or quality to something or someone

نسب, أسند

نسب, أسند

Ex: People often attribute confidence to those who speak clearly. 
to owe
to owe
[فعل]

to carry a sense of gratitude, recognition, or indebtedness toward someone or something for intellectual or abstract contributions

مدين, يشعر بالامتنان

مدين, يشعر بالامتنان

Ex: She owes her leadership skills to the inspiring mentors who instilled confidence and provided guidance. 
to pile
to pile
[فعل]

to lay things on top of each other

كوم, رص

كوم, رص

Ex: Can you pile the dirty laundry in the hamper for washing? 
mass
mass
[اسم]

something great in size, volume, or magnitude

كتلة, حجم

كتلة, حجم

Ex: A mass of data must be analyzed before drawing conclusions. 
inward
inward
[صفة]

directed or moving toward the inside or center

داخلي, نحو الداخل

داخلي, نحو الداخل

Ex: The inward flow of water increased after the rainstorm. 

ازداد التدفق الداخلي للماء بعد العاصفة المطرية.

incline
incline
[اسم]

an inclined surface connecting two levels

منحدر, سطح مائل

منحدر, سطح مائل

temple
temple
[اسم]

a building used for religious worship, especially in religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism

Ex: The ruins of a Roman temple were discovered near the city. 
courtyard
courtyard
[اسم]

an area with no roof that is partially or completely surrounded by walls, often forming a part of a large building

فناء, ساحة داخلية

فناء, ساحة داخلية

Ex: The restaurant had an outdoor courtyard where diners could eat under the stars. 

كان لدى المطعم فناء خارجي حيث يمكن للرواد تناول الطعام تحت النجوم.

shrine
shrine
[اسم]

a place or building for people to pray in, which is considered holy by many due to its connection with a sacred person, event, or object

ضريح, مكان للحج

ضريح, مكان للحج

Ex: The shrine attracts thousands of devotees during religious festivals and special occasions. 

يجذب المزار آلاف المصلين خلال المهرجانات الدينية والمناسبات الخاصة.

living quarters

housing available for people to live in

مساكن, أماكن المعيشة

مساكن, أماكن المعيشة

trench
trench
[اسم]

a deep, narrow, steep-sided depression on the ocean floor

خندق, حفرة محيطية

خندق, حفرة محيطية

Ex: Sediments accumulate in deep-sea trenches over time. 

تتراكم الرواسب في الأخاديد العميقة في قاع المحيط مع مرور الوقت.

to incorporate

to include something as part of a larger whole or system

إدماج, تضمين

إدماج, تضمين

Ex: The revised policy will incorporate suggestions from employees for improvement. 
in advance
in advance
[ظرف]

prior to a particular time or event

مسبقًا, قبلًا

مسبقًا, قبلًا

Ex: He always prepares his meals in advance to save time during the busy workweek. 

يُحضّر دائمًا وجباته مسبقًا لتوفير الوقت خلال أسبوع العمل المزدحم.

accomplishment

a desired and impressive goal achieved through hard work

إنجاز, تحقيق

إنجاز, تحقيق

Ex: The completion of the project ahead of schedule was a great accomplishment for the entire team. 

كان إكمال المشروع قبل الموعد المحدد إنجازًا عظيمًا لفريق العمل بأكمله.

maze
maze
[اسم]

a confusing network of paths separated by bushes or walls, designed in a way that confuses the people who pass through

متاهة, شبكة ممرات معقدة

متاهة, شبكة ممرات معقدة

Ex: The children ran through the maze, laughing as they tried to find the quickest path. 

ركض الأطفال عبر المتاهة، يضحكون بينما كانوا يحاولون العثور على أسرع طريق.

vessel
vessel
[اسم]

a container, especially one used for holding liquids

وعاء,  إناء

وعاء, إناء

Ex: The ritual vessel was made of bronze. 
storeroom
storeroom
[اسم]

a room where things are kept while they are not needed or used

مخزن, غرفة التخزين

مخزن, غرفة التخزين

Ex: The storeroom is located at the back of the building. 

مخزن يقع في الجزء الخلفي من المبنى.

to inscribe
to inscribe
[فعل]

to mark or engrave a surface with a design or pattern, typically to create a lasting impression or decoration

نقش, يسجل

نقش, يسجل

Ex: As a tradition, graduates often inscribe their yearbooks with fond memories and best wishes for the future. 

كعادة، غالبًا ما ينقش الخريجون كتب تذكاراتهم بذكريات جميلة وتمنيات طيبة للمستقبل.

to represent
to represent
[فعل]

to serve as an instance that embodies the characteristics, qualities, or traits associated with a particular category or concept

يمثل, يرمز

يمثل, يرمز

Ex: The classic novel can be said to represent the ideals and societal norms of the time in which it was written. 
to excavate
to excavate
[فعل]

to uncover or expose by digging, especially to reveal buried artifacts, structures, or remains

حفر, تنقيب

حفر, تنقيب

Ex: Divers excavated a shipwreck, bringing up cannons, pottery, and other artifacts from the seabed. 

قام الغواصون بحفر حطام سفينة، مما أدى إلى إخراج المدافع والفخاريات وغيرها من القطع الأثرية من قاع البحر.

predecessor
predecessor
[اسم]

a person who held a particular job, position, or office before the current holder

السلف,  سلف

السلف, سلف

Ex: The president met with two of his predecessors at the ceremony. 
to dump
to dump
[فعل]

to put or drop something somewhere in a rough, careless, or sudden way

يرمي,  يطرح

يرمي, يطرح

Ex: Emma dumped the books beside her desk and left. 
shaft
shaft
[اسم]

a deep, narrow, usually vertical or sloping passage extending into the ground, especially in a mine

بئر المنجم,  فتحة عمودية

بئر المنجم, فتحة عمودية

Ex: Rescue teams searched the abandoned shaft for the missing miner. 
precaution
precaution
[اسم]

an act done to prevent something unpleasant or bad from happening

احتياط, إجراء وقائي

احتياط, إجراء وقائي

Ex: As a precaution against theft, he installed security cameras around his home. 

كإجراء وقائي ضد السرقة، قام بتركيب كاميرات أمنية حول منزله.

intricate
intricate
[صفة]

having many complex parts or details that make it difficult to understand or work with

معقد, مفصل

معقد, مفصل

Ex: The project required an intricate strategy to ensure its success. 

تطلّب المشروع استراتيجية معقدة لضمان نجاحه.

to overlook
to overlook
[فعل]

to fail to notice, see, or consider something

تجاهل, غفل عن

تجاهل, غفل عن

Ex: Daniel checked the list twice to make sure he hadn't overlooked anything. 
to astonish
to astonish
[فعل]

to impress or surprise someone very much

يذهل, يدهش

يذهل, يدهش

Ex: The intricate details of the painting astonished art enthusiasts. 

أذهلت التفاصيل المعقدة للوحة عشاق الفن.

to amaze
to amaze
[فعل]

to greatly surprise someone

يذهل, يدهش

يذهل, يدهش

Ex: The generosity of the donation amazed the charity workers. 

أذهلت كرم التبرع العاملين في الجمعية الخيرية.

egyptologist
egyptologist
[اسم]

an archeologist who specializes in Egyptology

عالم مصريات, متخصص في علم المصريات

عالم مصريات, متخصص في علم المصريات

to constitute

to contribute to the structure or makeup of something

يشكل, يؤلف

يشكل, يؤلف

Ex: Healthy fats and proteins constitute a balanced diet that supports overall well-being. 
milestone
milestone
[اسم]

an event or stage that has a very important impact on the progress of something

محطة بارزة, مرحلة مهمة

محطة بارزة, مرحلة مهمة

Ex: The new law marks a milestone in environmental protection efforts. 

القانون الجديد يمثل محطة بارزة في جهود حماية البيئة.

archetype
archetype
[اسم]

someone or something serving as the very typical example of a thing or person

النموذج الأصلي, المثال

النموذج الأصلي, المثال

surroundings
surroundings
[اسم]

the place and things that are around someone or something

محيط, محیط

محيط, محیط

Ex: The building stands out sharply from its rural surroundings. 
accommodation

a place where people live, stay, or work in

إقامة, سكن

إقامة, سكن

Ex: They found a cozy cabin as their accommodation for the weekend getaway in the mountains. 

وجدوا كوخًا مريحًا كـ إقامة لهم في رحلة نهاية الأسبوع في الجبال.

to occupy
to occupy
[فعل]

to take up, cover, or use the entire space or extent of something

احتلال, شغل

احتلال, شغل

Ex: The massive painting was meant to occupy the entire gallery wall. 
to encircle
to encircle
[فعل]

to create a circular shape around someone or something

يحاصر, يحيط

يحاصر, يحيط

Ex: The protestors planned to encircle the government building in a peaceful demonstration. 

المتظاهرون خططوا لإحاطة مبنى الحكومة في مظاهرة سلمية.

to appreciate

to be thankful for something

يقدر, يكون ممتنا ل

يقدر, يكون ممتنا ل

Ex: The community appreciated the efforts of volunteers who cleaned up the park. 
possession
possession
[اسم]

(usually plural) anything that a person has or owns at a specific time

ممتلكات, أشياء

ممتلكات, أشياء

Ex: His possessions included a vintage record player, a collection of antique books, and a cherished family heirloom. 
to criticize
to criticize
[فعل]

to evaluate or discuss the merits and faults of a work, idea, or performance

ينقد,  يعلق

ينقد, يعلق

Ex: The essay carefully criticizes the author's use of historical evidence. 
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